Matter And Radiation Flashcards
What makes up a nucleon
Neutron and proton
What changes when talking about isotopes
The amount of neutrons decides whether it is an isotope
How do you work out the specific charge?
Charge divided by mass
Relative charge of a proton
1
Relative charge of a neutron
0
Relative charge of an electron
-1
Relative mass of a proton
1
Relative mass of a neutron
1
Relative mass of an electron
0.0005
Mass of proton
1.67x10 -27
Mass of a neutron
1.67x10 -27
Mass of an electron
9.11x10 -31
What holds the atom together
Strong nuclear force
How does the strong nuclear force prevent collisions between particles
Attractive force above 0.5fm repulsive below 0.5fm
What is the symbol for alpha radiation
4
Apha
2
What is the symbol for beta radiation
0
B
-1
What is also emitted during beta decay
An antineutrino
What is the equation for wavelength and frequency for light waves
Lambda=C
f
Wavelength of visible light
700nm to 400nm
Wavelength for infrared
1mm to 700nm
Wavelength for ultra violet light
400nm to 1nm
In what circumstances are electromagnetic waves produced
By a charged particle when it looses energy
How do you work out the energy of a photon?
(Photo energy) E = h x f
How do you work out the energy of a laser beam?
Power = nhf
Where n is the number of photons passing a specific point.
What happens when a particle meets an antiparticle
The annihilate each other and radiation is released in the form of photons
For annihilation what must be true for the particle and antiparticle
exact same rest masses
Exact opposite charge
What happens in pair production
Photon emits a particle and its antiparticle
Equation for pair production
hfmin =E0
Hfmin is the minimum energy of a photon needed
E0 is the rest energy of the particles
What happens in annihilation
A particle collides with its antiparticle emitting two photons
Equation for annihilation
hfmin = 2 x E0
Hfmin is the minimum energy of emitted photons
e0 is the rest energy of the particle
What do Feynman diagrams do
Illustrate interactions in the electromagnetic force
What is governed by the weak nuclear force
Interactions of neutrinos and antineutrinos
What is emitted when a neutron and a neutrino interact
Proton, B- (electron) and a W- boson
What is emitted when a proton and an antineutrino
Neutron, B+ (positron) and a W+ boson
What does a W- boson decay to
B- and an antineutrino
What does W+ bosons decay to
B+ and a neutrino
Charge of a proton
+1.6x10 -19
