matter and periodic table

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

anything that has mass and takes up space.

Question 2

atom

Answer 2

the smallest piece of an element that still has the properties of that element.

Question 3

element

Answer 3

a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary means. Example: hydrogen.

Question 4

mixture

Answer 4

contains more than one element or compound spread among each other. Mixtures have the properties of the substances they are made of. Mixtures can be separated without a chemical change, example by filtering.

Question 5

compound

Answer 5

made of two or more different kinds of atoms joined together (by a chemical reaction). Compounds have properties which are different from those of the elements they are made of.

Question 6

physical change

Answer 6

change where a physical property of matter is altered, but the substance remains the same kind of matter.

Question 7

chemical change

Answer 7

change matter undergoes when it turns into a new substance.

Question 8

atomic number

Answer 8

elements are arranged in order by their atomic number. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom/element.

Question 9

atomic mass

Answer 9

the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. (rounded to the nearest whole number for our class.)

Question 10

proton

Answer 10

a positively charged subatomic particle inside the nucleus of an atom.

Question 11

neutron

Answer 11

a neutral subatomic particle inside the nucleus of an atom.

Question 12

electron

Answer 12

a negatively charged subatomic particle found outside of the nucleus of an atom.

Question 13

nucleus

Answer 13

the center of an atom where protons and neutrons are located and contains the majority of mass for an atom.

Question 14

period

Answer 14

7 horizontal rows on the periodic table where elements are arranged gradually and predictably based on their atomic number.

Question 15

group

Answer 15

18 vertical columns on the periodic table where elements are arranged according to similar physical and chemical properties they share within a given group.

Question 16

metal

Answer 16

majority of the elements on the periodic table that: conduct heat and electricity; are ductile; shiny; malleable; and have high density.

Question 17

metalloid

Answer 17

elements on the periodic table that divide metals from nonmetals and can contain various property characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.

Question 18

nonmetal

Answer 18

elements within the periodic table whose properties are: poor conductors of heat and electricity; dull in appearance; and brittle.

Question 19

representative element

Answer 19

Groups 1, 2, 13-18 on the periodic table that contain elements that are metal, nonmetal, and metalloids. Each group has its own unique properties for the elements of those specific groups.

Question 20

transition elements

Answer 20

Groups 4-12 on the periodic table. All of these elements are metals. Some transition elements, called the inner transition elements placed below the main table. These elements are known as the lanthanide and actinide series.