Matter And Mixtures Flashcards
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Mass
Is the amount of matter in an object
3 states of matter
Solids liquids and gasses
Property’s of solids
Solids have a definite shape and volume
They can not be compressed
They can’t flow or be pored
Property’s of liquids
They have no define shape or volume
They can’t be compressed
They can flow or be pored
Property’s of gases
Gases have no definite shape or volume
Gases can be compressed and can flow
Heat energy
in order for a substance to change state
(From a solid to a liquid, or liquid to a gas) it
needs heat energy
Latent heat
As a substance changes state it uses latent heat there is no change to temperature but the state of the material changes
Melting point
Is when both the solid and liquid state exist together changing from a solid to a liquid
Boiling point
Is a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid changing from a liquid to a gas
Condensation
Is the changing of a gas to a liquid
Diffusion
Is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration eg if u spray something in one corner of a room it will spread to the rest of the room
Physical change
No change in particles just the particle arrangement and energy easy to change eg mixing water and salt
Chemical change
A chemical reaction Takes place and a new substance is formed very difficult to reverse eg burning a match
During a chemical reaction
The atoms rearrange to form a new substance might be seen by colour change temperature change light being emitted or bubbles
Law of conservation of mass
Matter can be changed from one form to another duiring physical and chemical changes there is no overall change in mass
Mixture
A mixture
consists of two or more
substances
mingled together but not
chemically combined e.g. sand and
water.
There are four methods of separating
mixtures:
Filtration
Evaporation
Distillation
Chromatography
Filtration
Used to separate small insoluble
solids (do not dissolve in a liquid)
from a liquid by using filter paper
and a funnel to trap the solids.
Evaporation
Used to separate soluble solids
(dissolve in liquids) from a
solution by evaporating off the
liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt
water.
Distillation
Used to separate two liquids with
different boiling points such as
alcohol (boils at 780) and water
(boils at 100 °). Also used to
separate a soluble solid from a
liquid (e.g. seawater) to give a pure
sample of each.
Mixture
- consists of two or more
substances
mingled together but not
chemically combined
Filtration
used to separate an
insoluble solid and a liquid
Insoluble
does not dissolve in a
liquid
