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Science > Matter And Mixtures > Flashcards

Matter And Mixtures Flashcards

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1
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space and has mass

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2
Q

Mass

A

Is the amount of matter in an object

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3
Q

3 states of matter

A

.Solids

.Liquids

.Gases

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4
Q

Properties of solids

A
  1. Solids have a definite shape.
  2. Solids have a definite volume.
  3. Solids cannot be compressed.
  4. Solids cannot flow.
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5
Q

Properties of liquids

A
  1. Liquids have no definite shape.
  2. Liquids have a definite volume.
  3. Liquids cannot be compressed.
  4. Liquids can flow.
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6
Q

Gases

A
  1. Gases have no definite shape.
  2. Gases have no definite volume.
  3. Gases can be compressed.
  4. Gases can flow.
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7
Q

Heat energy

A

In order for a substance to change state (from a solid to a liquid, or liquid to a gas) it needs heat energy.

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8
Q

Latent heat

A

As a substance changes state, it uses latent heat. There is no change to temperature, but the state of the material changes.

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9
Q

Melting point

A

The melting point is when both the solid and liquid state exist together (changing from a solid to a liquid).

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10
Q

Boiling point

A

The boiling point of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid (changing from a liquid to a gas).

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11
Q

Condensation

A

Condensation is the changing of a gas to a liquid.

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12
Q

Diffusion

A

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration E.g. spray perfume in one corner of the room, and it spreads to the rest of the room.

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13
Q

Mixture

A

A mixture consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined E.g. sand and water.

There are four methods of separating mixtures:
1. Filtration
2. Evaporation
3. Distillation
4. Chromatography

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14
Q

Filtration

A

Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids.

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15
Q

Evaporation

A

Used to separate soluble solids (dissolve in liquids) from a solution by evaporating off the liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt water.

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16
Q

Plasma - fourth state of matter:

A

Plasma is the fourth state of matter , like gas ,but can conduct electricity.

17
Q

Physical change

A

no change in particles, just
the particle arrangement and energy, easy to
reverse e.g. mixing water and salt.

18
Q

Chemical change

A

A chemical reaction takes
place and a new substance is formed, very
difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match

19
Q

During a chemical reaction

A

During a chemical reaction the atoms
rearrange to form a new substance. Might be
seen by colour change, temperature
change, light being emitted or bubbles.

20
Q

Law of conservation of mass

A

Matter can be changed from one form to another . During physical and chemical changes, there is no overall change in mass.

21
Q

Distillation

A

Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78 degrees) and water ( boils at 100 degrees). Also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid (E.g. seawater ) to give a pure sample of each.

22
Q

Chromatography

A

Used to separate a mixture of dissolved substances in a solution. E.g. the different colours in a black marker.

23
Q

Mixture

A

consists of two or more
substances mingled together but not
chemically combined

24
Q

Filtration

A

used to separate an
insoluble solid and a liquid

25
Q

Insoluble

A

does not dissolve in a
liquid

26
Q

Soluble

A

dissolves in a liquid

27
Q

Residue

A

the soil left in the filter paper after
filtration

28
Q

Filtrate

A

the clean water that comes after
filtration

29
Q

Evaporation

A

used to separate a soluble solid
from a liquid e.g. salt and water

30
Q

Solvent

A

the liquid that a solid is dissolved
into

31
Q

Solute

A

the solid that is left behind after
evaporation

32
Q

Distillation

A

method of separation used to
separate a soluble solid and its solvent, or two
miscible liquids with different boiling points

33
Q

Miscible

A

Liquids that mix together e.g.
alcohol and water

34
Q

Liebig condenser

A

piece of equipment used in
distillation in which cool water flows to
condense steam to water

35
Q

Distillate

A

clean water at the end of distillation

36
Q

Chromatography

A

used to separate mixtures
of substances that are in a solution e.g. dyes in
ink

37
Q

Chromatogram

A

chromatography paper with
separated ink

38
Q

Reactant

A

chemicals that react together in a
chemical reaction

39
Q

Products

A

the substances formed after a
chemical reaction

Science (6 decks)

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