matter and material

Question 1

give 4 characteristics of solids

Answer 1

• arranged in regular pattern touching each other
• attract each other with strong forces
• dont change places
• vibrate constantly

Question 2

properties of solids

Answer 2

• keep shape unless broken
• cannot be compressed
• they are strong
• cannot pass through without breaking them

Question 3

4 characteristics of liquids

Answer 3

• arranged randomly
• spaces between particles larger than solid
• move in different directions
• forces holding them together aren’t as strong as solids

Question 4

properties of liquids

Answer 4

• they flow
• take up shape of container they’re in
• cannot be compressed

Question 5

4 characteristics of gases

Answer 5

• particles spread out
• move in different directions
• not arranged in any pattern
• forces holding particles weak and can be ignored

Question 6

properties of gases

Answer 6

• they flow
• can be compressed
• spread out and fill a container

Question 7

What is plasma?

Answer 7

collection of charged particles that have special characteristics

Question 8

examples of plasma

Answer 8

fluorescent lights, lightening and stars

Question 9

how do you change material into plasma?

Answer 9

extremely high temperatures required

Question 10

Sublimation

Answer 10

A change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid

Question 11

gas changes into a liquid in a process called

Answer 11

condensation

Question 12

element with the lowest melting point

Answer 12

helium

Question 13

element with highest melting point

Answer 13

carbon

Question 14

gas changes into a solid

Answer 14

deposition

Question 15

smallest particles of matter

Answer 15

atoms

Question 16

name 4 things found in an atom

Answer 16

• nucleus
• protons
• neutrons
• electrons

Question 17

How do diatomic molecules form?

Answer 17

two atoms of the same kind form diatomic molecules

Question 18

How many diatomic molecules are there?

Answer 18

7

Question 19

What are the diatomic molecules?

Answer 19

H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2

Question 20

what are some molecules that consists out of more than two atoms?

Answer 20

carbon (C6) sulphur (S8)

Question 21

Father of the periodic table

Answer 21

Demetri Mendeleev

Question 22

How did Mendeleev organize his periodic table?

Answer 22

in terms of the families of the known elements which displayed similar problems

Question 23

when did mendeleev win the nobel prize?

Answer 23

1905

Question 24

who did major differences to the periodic table?

Answer 24

Glenn seaborg

Question 25

What did Glenn Seaborg do?

Answer 25

discovered elements 94-102

Question 26

when was Seaborg awarded the nobel prize?

Answer 26

1951

Question 27

what is element 106’s name and why is it so?

Answer 27

seaborgium (Sg) named in glenn seaborg’s honor

Question 28

Transitional Metals

Answer 28

groups 3-12 large horizontal group between metals and non metals

Question 29

how many groups and periods are there?

Answer 29

18 groups and 7 periods

Question 30

what are the group’s names?

Answer 30

group 1: alkaline metals
group 2: alkaline earth metals
group 17: halogens
group 18: noble gases

Question 31

what will you find in each block of an element?

Answer 31

• atomic mass
• symbol
• atomic number

Question 32

calculate neutrons

Answer 32

atomic mass - atomic number

Question 33

element

Answer 33

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances- pure

Question 34

pure substances

Answer 34

• elements and compounds
• can’t be broken down into anything simpler
• compounds consist of atoms of two or more different elements bound together and can be broken down into elements by chemical means but not physically. properties of compounds are different from component elements. they always contain same ration of its component atoms

Question 35

compound

Answer 35

• A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined
• can be broken down into simpler substances
• when they form energy is released in the form of light and heat

Question 36

mixture

Answer 36

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

Question 37

heterogeneous

Answer 37

more than one mixture can be seen

Question 38

homogenous

Answer 38

only one phase can be seen

Question 39

name 7 separating mixtures

Answer 39

• by hand
• filteration
• distillation
• chromatography
• spectating funnel
• evaporation
• magnetism
• electrolysis

Question 40

distillation

Answer 40

A process that separates the substances in a solution based on their boiling points alcohol and water

Question 41

chromatography

Answer 41

ink

Question 42

magnetism

Answer 42

iron filing and sulphur powder

Question 43

what are the 4 phases of matter?

Answer 43

solid, liquid, gas, plasma

Question 44

what is the theory in which particles move?

Answer 44

the kinetic theory of matter

Question 45

what does the particle model of matter state (5)

Answer 45

• all matter is made up of particles
• particles are too small to see even with the strongest microscope
• there are empty spaces between particles
• particles are constantly moving. spontaneously on their own
• forces of repulsion and attraction between particles