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GEN CHEM > MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES > Flashcards

MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES Flashcards

1
Q

is made of particles that give its mass and volume

A

matter

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2
Q

5 phases of matter

A
  1. solid
  2. liquid
  3. gas
  4. bose-einstein condensate
  5. plasma
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3
Q

has its own shape and volume

A

solid

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4
Q

weakly attracted to one another, have fixed volumes, but take in shape of their container

A

liquid

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5
Q

weakest attraction, no fixed volume or shape

A

gas

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6
Q

a physical change where substance undergoes changes without changing its chemical composition

A

phase transitions

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7
Q

2 types of properties associated with matter

A
  1. physical property
  2. chemical property
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8
Q

properties that can be measured and observed without changing the material’s chemical composition

A

physical property

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9
Q

material’s possibility to undergo chemical change in its chemical composition

A

chemical property

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10
Q

Physical properties of matter can further be classified

A
  1. Intensive property
  2. Extensive property
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11
Q

substance specific properties that do not depend on the amount of the substance

A

intensive property

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12
Q

properties that do depend on the amount of substance

A

extensive property

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13
Q

components of matter that can be separated by physical means

A

mixture

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14
Q

cannot be broken down through physical means

A

pure substance

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15
Q

pure substance can be classified as an

A

element or compound

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16
Q

pure substance that can be broken down into simpler forms using chemical means

A

compound

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17
Q

pure substance that cannot be simplified

A

element

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18
Q

law that governs the combination of atoms to form compounds

A

law of constant composition or definite proportion

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19
Q

are forms of matter with no definite properties and are not combined chemically

A

mixture

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20
Q

mixture in which only one phase is visibly seen

A

homogeneous mixture

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21
Q

at least 2 different phases of matter or visible components

A

heterogenous mixture

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22
Q

indivisible particle

A

atom

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23
Q

Elements can be classified into 3

A
  1. Metals
  2. Nonmetals
  3. Metalloids
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24
Q

basic unit of an element

A

atom

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25
Q

good electrical conductors and heat conductors

A

metal

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26
Q

poor conductors of heat and electricity

27
Q

intermediate between metal and nonmetal

A

metalloids

28
Q

metals can be shaped into thin sheets

29
Q

metals that can be stretched into a wire

30
Q

elements chemically combine in a fixed proportion

31
Q

fixed proportions of compounds are generally represented by a

A

chemical formula

32
Q

type of matter that does not possess definite properties and fixed proportion

33
Q

one phase mixture

34
Q

powdered, or the one being dissolved

35
Q

dissolving medium

36
Q

maximum amount of solute that a given quantity of a solvent can dissolve

A

saturated solution

37
Q

lesser amount of solute than what the given quantity of solvent can dissolve

A

unsaturated solution

38
Q

solute that is more than what the given solvent can dissolve

A

supersaturated solution

39
Q

solute particles big enough to settle at the bottom of the mixture and can be alternatively filtered to separate particles through filtration

A

suspensions

40
Q

type of mixture that is intermediate to a solution and a suspension

41
Q

is a phenomenon observed in dispersed colloid particles once light is directed to such mixtures

A

Tyndall effect

42
Q

Different Separation Techniques:

A
  1. Use of separatory funnel
  2. Extraction
  3. Simple distillation
  4. Fractional distillation
  5. Evaporation
  6. Filtration
  7. Centrifugation
  8. Chromatography
  9. Magnetism
43
Q

best used for separating 2 immiscible liquids

A

use of separatory funnel

44
Q

an immiscible solvent is added to a mixture to extract the solute from any contaminant

A

extraction

45
Q

best used for separating two immiscible liquids with enough difference in boiling points (greater than 70); pure liquid substance from a solute solid-liquid mixture

A

Simple distillation

46
Q

best used for separating mixture or 2 or more miscible liquids in which the difference in boiling points is less that 25

A

fractional distillation

47
Q

best used for separating soluble solid from a liquid

A

evaporation

48
Q

best used for separating insoluble solid from liquid

A

Filtration

49
Q

best used for separating insoluble smaller solids from a liquid where normal filtration does not work well

A

Centrifugation

50
Q

best used for separating components with different affinities or solubilities to mobile phase and stationary phases

A

Chromatography

51
Q

common separation technique

A

liquid-liquid extraction

52
Q

best used for separating 2 solids with one part having magnetic properties

53
Q

can also be employed to bring the soluble components of a solid sample into the liquid phase with the use of an extracting solvent

A

Soxhlet Extraction

54
Q

used in collecting a pure liquid from a mixture of liquids through the process of evaporation and condensation

A

Distillation

55
Q

employed for the separation of the components of a mixture that are susceptible to decomposition

A

steam distillation

56
Q

separatory technique where each component or solute is isolated based on its different affinities to mobile phase

A

Chromatography

57
Q

is the ratio of the distance traveled by the solute in the stationary phase relative to the distance traveled by the solvent

A

retention factor

58
Q

process of separating liquid from a solid by allowing the solid particles to settle at the bottom

A

Decantation

59
Q

separate finely divided solid from liquid

A

Filtration

60
Q

a dissolved salt may be separated from the liquid by boiling

A

evaporation

61
Q

substance accumulates on the surface of a solid

A

Adsorption

62
Q

gradient-by-density technique employed to collect a precipitate from a heterogenous mixture using the principle of angular rotation and galaxy

A

Centrifugation

63
Q

Centrifugation uses and equipment called?

A

centrifuge

GEN CHEM (7 decks)

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