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GEN CHEM > MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES > Flashcards

MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES Flashcards

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1
Q

Everything around us is made up of ___.

A

matter

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2
Q

Matter is composed of tiny particles called ____.

A

atoms

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3
Q

____ is anything that occupies space and has mass.

A

matter

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4
Q

______ are characteristics of a substance which enable us to identify this substance and differentiate it from other substances.

A

Properties

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5
Q

_____ properties are properties that do not change the composition of a substance

A

Physical

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6
Q

_____ properties are properties that do not depend on the amount of matter present or being tested

A

Intensive

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7
Q

_____ properties are properties that depend on the amount of matter present or being tested.

A

Extensive

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8
Q

Examples are color, hardness, melting point, boiling point, and density.

A

intensive

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9
Q

Examples are volume, mass, length, and shape.

A

extensive

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10
Q

____ properties are properties that involve changes in the composition of a substance during a chemical reaction

A

Chemical

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11
Q

In a ____ change, the identity of a substance is not altered.

A

physical

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12
Q

A ____ change results in a new compound with a different chemical composition and a different set of properties.

A

chemical

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13
Q

______ is the process through which plants transform solar energy to chemical energy.

A

Photosynthesis

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14
Q

An _____ reaction is a change in temperature in the reaction mixture that indicates that heat is being evolved.

A

exothermic

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15
Q

An _____ reaction is a change in temperature in the reaction mixture that indicates that heat is being absorbed.

A

endothermic

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16
Q

A ____ reaction involves the release and absorption of equal amounts of energy.

A

thermic

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17
Q

matter can also be classified into $____ or _____.

A

pure substances ; mixtures

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18
Q

A _____ contains only one type of particle and has a uniform composition

A

pure substance

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19
Q

Pure substances are classified into ____ and _____.

A

elements ; compounds

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20
Q

____ are substances composed of only one kind of atom.

A

Elements

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21
Q

Elements can be classified into ____, ____, or ____.

A

metals; nonmetals; metalloids

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22
Q

The following are some properties of metals:

A

luster, malleability, ductility, good- conductors of heat, mostly solid, mostly hard, and mostly have high densities.

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23
Q

The following are some properties of nonmetals:

A

dull in appearance, brittle. poor conductors of heat and electricity, good insulators, and usually have low densities

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24
Q

_____ are elements which have some properties of both metals and nonmetals.

A

Metalloids

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25
Q

_____ are substances composed of two or more kinds of atoms that are chemically bonded together in fixed proportions.

A

Compounds

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26
Q

An ,____ is a compound that donates H+ ions in an aqueous solution.

A

acid

27
Q

A ___ is a compound that accepts H- ions in an aqueous solution.

A

base

28
Q

A ___ is a compound that is formed when an acid and a base react with one another. .

A

salt

29
Q

___ are made up of two or more substances mixed together but are not chemically combined.

A

Mixtures

30
Q

___ mixtures have only one phase and a uniform composition.

A

Homogeneous

31
Q

Solution is a type of _____ mixture.

A

homogeneous

32
Q

____ mixtures have two or more phases and do not have a uniform composition.

A

Heterogeneous

33
Q

2 kinds of heterogeneous mixtures

A

Colloids & Suspension

34
Q

____, which are also called colloidal dispersions, are heterogeneous mixtures that have particles bigger than those of a solution but smaller than those of a suspension.

A

Colloids

35
Q

____ are heterogeneous mixtures that have particles bigger than those of colloids

A

Suspensions

36
Q

Decantation, filtration, and chromatography are all based on ______ properties and sedimentation depends on the ___ of the components.

A

solubility;weight

37
Q

Distillation and evaporation are based on differences in ______

A

boiling points.

38
Q

____ is a process that requires a filtering medium that traps the insoluble substances while allowing the liquid containing the soluble substances to pass through

A

Filtration

39
Q

It is often used to separate water-soluble from water-insoluble components.

A

Filtration

40
Q

_______ is the solid component that remains on a filter

A

Residue

41
Q

_____ is the clear liquid collected from filtration paper.

A

Filtrate

42
Q

_____ allows heavy suspended particles to settle.

A

Sedimentation

43
Q

_____ is a process of separating the liquid from the solid component of a mixture, pouring out the liquid carefully, such that the sediment is not disturbed and still remains at the bottom.

A

Decantation

44
Q

______ is a method of directly turning solid into gas.

A

Sublimation

45
Q

Simple _____ is a method used to recover water from an aqueous salt solution.

A

distillation

46
Q

____ is a simple but efficient technique used to separate and identify the components of a mixture.

A

Chromatography

47
Q

_____ are items or goods commonly bought for private consumption.

A

Consumer products

48
Q

an _____ is a combination of two or more metals, or a metal and another element

A

alloy

49
Q

the lightest element among the other

A

hydrogen (H)

50
Q

one of the most abundant elements in the universe

A

carbon (C)

51
Q

found in toothpaste in form of fluoride

A

fluorine (F)

52
Q

one of the first metals used by man

A

copper (Cu)

53
Q

most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust

A

Aluminum ( Al)

54
Q

used in food preservation in the form of sodium chloride

A

Sodium (Na)

55
Q

it is a very reactive element metal that is never found free in nature

A

Potassium (K)

56
Q

it was a metal that exist in the liquid state at room temperature

A

mercury (Hg)

57
Q

one of the elements essential elements needed by the body that helps make bone stronger

A

Calcium (CA)

58
Q

it is a yellowish non metal usually found in volcanic vents

A

Sulfur ( S)

59
Q

a metal that is used to make jewelry

A

gold (Au)

60
Q

the highest electrical conductivity among metals

A

silver ( Ah)

61
Q

one of the most abundant element in the universe it is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas

A

helium (He)

62
Q

a noble gas primarily used to light up advertising signs or display

A

neon (Be)

63
Q

it is an example element in a body and a component of hemoglobin which carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues in the body

A

Iron (Fe)

GEN CHEM (9 decks)

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