MATTER AND ENERGY FLOW

Question 1

any watery environment, from
small to large (i.e. from ponds to oceans), running or still (rivers or lakes) that contain a group of interacting organisms (plants, animals, microbes) that are dependent on one another and their water environment for energy
and food (carbon), nutrients (e.g. N, P) and shelter

Answer 1

aquatic ecosystem

Question 2

features in the landscape that
participate in the processing and transport of materials from
continents to oceans.

Answer 2

aquatic ecosystem

Question 3

sources of biodiversity, and they
sustain livelihood and economic activities around the world.

Answer 3

aquatic ecosystem

Question 4

health of aquatic ecosystems is critically important to ____ and in turn the health is critically important to the well-being and sustainability of food and economic resources of many people world-wide

Answer 4

downstream ecosystems

Question 5

energy flow through the trophic layers

Answer 5

food web

Question 6

sequence of food web

Answer 6

producers, consumers, predatpr-prey interactions

Question 7

At the bottom of a food chain, we find the ______ (algae;
plants) which take their energy from sunlight and use it in
photosynthesis

Answer 7

primary producers

Question 8

The reverse reaction, respiration “wins” at night and can lead to very
low O2 contents

Answer 8

fishkill early in the morning

Question 9

bottom of food chain

Answer 9

producers

Question 10

takes energy from sunlight

Answer 10

producers

Question 11

phytoplankton

Answer 11

producers

Question 12

highly dependent on available nutrients

Answer 12

producers

Question 13

next trophic level to producer

Answer 13

consumers

Question 14

take energy by consuming producers

Answer 14

consumers

Question 15

zooplankton

Answer 15

consumers

Question 16

Clear waters with low nutrients contents and, therefore, minimum biological activity

Answer 16

oligotrophic

Question 17

Water with more nutrients, and therefore, more biological productivity

Answer 17

mesotrophic

Question 18

Waters extremely rich in nutrients, with high biological productivity. Some species may be choked out.

Answer 18

eutrophic

Question 19

Murky, highly productive waters, closest to the wetland status. Many clearwater species cannot survive.

Answer 19

hypereutrophic

Question 20

Low in nutrients, highly coloured with dissolved humic dystorganic material.

Answer 20

dystrophic