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Chem > Matter And Energy > Flashcards

Matter And Energy Flashcards

1
Q

1 cal = ?

A

418 j

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2
Q

Forms of energy

A

Light, electrical, heat, kinetic, potential

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3
Q

Temperature

A
  • is not a form of energy

- a measurement of the average kinetic energy

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4
Q

Absolute zero

A

0 k

k = C + 273

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5
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Energy of motion

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6
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy

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7
Q

Law of conservation energy

A

Energy is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction

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8
Q

Endothermic reaction

A
  • Absorbs energy
  • thermal energy -> chemical energy
  • A + Heat = B
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9
Q

Exothermic reaction

A
  • releases energy
  • chemical energy -> thermal energy
  • C = D + Heat
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10
Q

Exothermic chart

A 
|           |--|
|         |       |
| \_\_\_\_|          |
|                   |
|                   | 
|                    |\_\_\_\_
|\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
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11
Q

Endothermic chart

A 
|            |---|
|           |      |
|          |        |\_\_\_\_
|         |
|         |
| \_\_\_\_|
|\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
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12
Q

Phases of matter: Solid

A
  • definite shape
  • definite volume
  • regular geometric shape
  • crystalline structure
  • particles are vibrating w/o changing relative positions
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13
Q

Phases of matter: liquid

A
  • no definite shape (takes shape of container)

- definite volume

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14
Q

Phases of matter: gas

A
  • no definite shape
  • no definite volume
  • takes shape and volume of container
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15
Q

solid to liquid

A

Melting/fusion

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16
Q

Liquid to gas

A

Boiling/evaporation/vaporization

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17
Q

Gas to liquid

A

Condensation

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18
Q

Liquid to solid

A

Freezing/solidification/crystallization

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19
Q

Solid to gas

A

Sublimation

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20
Q

Gas to solid

A

Deposition

21
Q

——->

A

Endothermic

22
Q
A

Exothermic

23
Q

Physical changes

A
  • phase change
  • dissolving
  • cutting/grinding
24
Q

Chemical changes

A
  • burning
  • rusting
  • reacting
25
Q

Heat of fusion

A

Heat is required to change one gram of a solid to a liquid

26
Q

Heat of vaporizations

A

Heat is required to change one gram of a liquid to a gas

27
Q

What to hydrogen bonds cause

A

Very very high boiling points

28
Q

Vapor

A

Used for a substance that is a solid if liquid at room temp. and is in the gas phase

29
Q

Vapor pressure

A

The pressure exerted by a gas over a liquid

30
Q

As temperature goes up…

A

Vapor pressure goes up

31
Q

As temp. goes down…

A

Vapor temperature goes down

32
Q

Normal boiling point @ standard pressure

A

101.3 KpA
1 atm
760 torr
760 mm Hg

33
Q

Low boiling point =

A
  • Weak attractions

- high vapor pressure

34
Q

High boiling point =

A
  • strong attractions

- low vapor pressure

35
Q

As pressure goes up…

A

Boiling point goes up

36
Q

As pressure goes down…

A

Boiling point goes down

37
Q

Substance

A

Pure

38
Q

Substance: Element

A

Cannot be decomposed by chemical change

39
Q

Substance: Compound

A

Two or more elements chemically combine

40
Q

Mixture

A

Two or more substance physically combine

41
Q

Homogeneous mixture (solution)

A

Particles are uniformly mixed
Cannot see different parts
Ex: NaCl (aq), air

42
Q

Heterogenous mixture

A

Particles are not uniformly mixed
You can see the diff parts
Ex: soil, oil & water

43
Q

• •

o

A

Mixture of elements

44
Q
  • • •o•

* •

A

Mixture of a compound and a diatomic element

45
Q

o• o•

  o•
A

Compound

46
Q
  • •

* •

A

Diatomic element

47
Q

Separation of mixtures

A
  1. Filtration
  2. Boiling/evaporation
  3. Chromatography
  4. Distillation
  5. Magnets
  6. Density
  7. Separatory funnel
  8. Appearance
48
Q

Energy

A

Joule (j)
Or
Calorie (cal)

Chem (7 decks)

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