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Chemistry > Matter and Energy > Flashcards

Matter and Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

Crystalline Solid

A

Atoms and molecules are arranged in geometric patterns with long-range repeating
Order
Well-Ordered 3-D structure. Ex: table salt (sodium chloride)

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2
Q

Amorphous Solid

A

No order

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3
Q

Pure Substance

A

Composed of only 1 type of atom or molecule
Ex: water and sugar

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4
Q

Mixture

A

Composed of two or more different types of atoms or molecules mixed together

Not chemically bonded
Physical change takes place
Can be taken apart

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5
Q

Compound

A

Pure substance composed of different atoms that are chemically united (bonded) in fixed definite proportions

Elements chemically combined
Chemical change takes place
Can not be taken apart

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6
Q

Homogeneous Mixture

A

Parts are combined completely
Ex: Salt water, sweetened tea

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7
Q

Heterogeneous Mixture

A

Parts do not combine completely
Ex: iced water, Oil in water

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8
Q

Physical Change

A

substance displays without changing its composition
State changes are always physical changes
Boiling point is physical change
Distillation and filtration

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9
Q

Chemical Change

A

Substance displays only through changing its composition
Flammability is a chemical property
Matter changes its composition

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10
Q

Reactant

A

the substances present before the chemical change in a chemical reaction

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11
Q

Product

A

Substances present after the chemical change

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12
Q

Law of conservation of Mass

A

Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reation

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13
Q

Energy

A

Capacity to do work (transferred energy)

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14
Q

Law of Conservation of energy

A

Energy is neither created nor destroyed

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15
Q

1 calorie (cal) =

A

4.184 joules

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16
Q

1 Calorie (Cal)

A

1000 cal

17
Q

1 Kilowatt-hour =

A

3.60 x 10^6 j

18
Q

Exothermic Reaction

A

Energy is released
Reactants had more energy than products

19
Q

Endothermic Reaction

A

Energy is absorbed
Reactants had less energy than products

20
Q

Temperature

A

Measure of thermal energy

21
Q

Heat

A

the transfer or exchange of thermal energy caused by temperature difference

22
Q

The formula for Kelvin to Celsius

A

K= C + 273.15
C= K - 273.15

23
Q

The Formula for Celsius to Fahrenheit

A

C = F-32/1.8
F = (C x 1.8)+32

24
Q

Heat Capacity

A

The quantity of heat (usually in joules) required to change the temperature of a given amount of the substance by 1 degree C

25
Q

Specific Heat Capacity

A

When the heat capacity is The amount of substance is expressed in grams

26
Q

Heat Formula

A

Heat = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change

Chemistry (4 decks)

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