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Science Y9 > Matter > Flashcards

Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What is matter?

A

Matter is any substace that takes up space by having volume.

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2
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Solids, liquids, and gasses.

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3
Q

Compressibility

A

To push particles closer and decrease their volume. The amount you can compress particles depends on the space between them.

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4
Q

Describe the particles in a solid

A

Particles in a solid have a close, regular pattern. These particles vibrate on the spot.

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5
Q

Describe the particles in a liquid

A

Particles in a liquid are close together in a random pattern and move around each other.

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6
Q

Describe the particles in a gas.

A

Particles in a gas are far apart from each other, are random and move quicky in all directions.

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7
Q

Diffusion

A

Diffusion is when a gas/liquid goes from a high concentration area to a low concentration area until the concentration is equal.

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8
Q

Convection

A

Convection is when an outer force spreads particles such as smell particles, e.g wind.

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9
Q

Solid → Liquid

A

Melting.

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10
Q

Liquid → Gas

A

Evaporation/Vaporisation.

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11
Q

Gas → Solid

A

Deposition (Reverse Sublimation).

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12
Q

Solid → Gas

A

Sublimation.

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13
Q

Liquid → Solid

A

Solidification.

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14
Q

Gas → Liquid

A

Condensation.

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15
Q

What causes state change?

A

Gain or loss of heat energy.

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16
Q

Concentration

A

Concentration is dictated by the spacing between particles.

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17
Q

Dissolving

A

The process of mixing a solid (solute) and a liquid (solvent) to make a solution.

18
Q

Distillation

A

The process of splitting a liquid from a slid using boiling points.

19
Q

Decanting

A

Decanting is a solid mixed in a liquid that is not soluble to that liquid meaning that it will sink because it is more dense.

20
Q

Centrifuging

A

Seperating substances based on their density.

21
Q

Filtration

A

Filtering solids ad liquids into seperate mixtures.

22
Q

Magnetic Seperation

A

Seperating substances using magnetic properties.

23
Q

Solute

A

The substance being dissolved.

24
Q

Solvent

A

The substance dissolving the solute.

25
Q

Diluted

A

When a solution has a relatively smaller ammount of solvent compared to solute.

26
Q

Concentrated

A

When a solution has a relatively smaller ammount of solute compared to solvent.

27
Q

Mixture

A

A mixture is made from different substances that are not chemically joined

28
Q

Particles

A

Particles make up matter. E.g. atoms, ions, molecules.

29
Q

Solution

A

A solution is made of a solute of which has dissolved in a solvent.

30
Q

Compressibility

A

Compressibility descreases volume (only gasses are compressible as solids and liquids do not have enough space between the particles to be compressed).

31
Q

Dissolving

A

Dissolving is mixing a solute with a solvent to make a solution. Dissolving occurs when there is an attraction between a solute and solvent. This attraction causes the solvent to pull apart the bonds in the solute, and the solute particles diffuse.

32
Q

Saturated

A

Over the max amount of solute that can be dissovled into a solvent

33
Q

Physical seperation

A

Physical seperation is when substances are seperated by colour, boinging points and/or particle size

34
Q

Soluble

A

Adjective: When a substance can dissolve in another substance

35
Q

Insoluble

A

Adjective: When a substance can’t dissolve in another substance.

36
Q

Filtering

A

Filtering seperates substances using particle sizes. Filter paper is used for filtering.

37
Q

Filtrate

A

Filtrate is what passes through filter paper

38
Q

Residue

A

Residue is what doesn’t pass thorugh filter paper

39
Q

Distillate

A

Distillate is a distilled substance

40
Q

Chromatography

A

Chromatography is a seperation technique that seperates usbstances (ususally dyes or inks) via different sizes of soluble particles in the substance.

41
Q

Centrifuging

A

The seperating of substances based on their density

42
Q

Centrifuge

A

A device used for centrifuging. A substance is placed in the centrifuge and spun rapidly so the more dense components of the substance sink to the bottom, and the less dense substances rise to the top.

Science Y9 (1 decks)

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