Matter Flashcards

1
Q

alloy

A

a homogeneous mixture of metals, or a mixture of a metal and a non-metal in which the metal is the major component.

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2
Q

brittleness

A

a material’s ability to absorb energy before fracturing.

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3
Q

chemical change

A

any change that results in the formation of a new chemical substance.

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4
Q

chemical property

A

a characteristic of a substance that’s observed during a chemical reaction.

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5
Q

chromatography

A

parts of a mixture are separated based on the ability of each dissolved component to travel through materials at different speeds.

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6
Q

combustibility

A

occurs when a material catches fire at a temperature above 43 degrees Celcius.

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7
Q

compound

A

any substance formed from two or more elements that have been joined together chemically.

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8
Q

condensation

A

the phase change that occurs when water vapor cools down to form liquid water.

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9
Q

condensation point

A

the temperature at which a gas turns into a liquid at standard pressure.

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10
Q

crystallization

A

the separation of a pure solid substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance.

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11
Q

density

A

the amount of mass per unit volume.

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12
Q

deposition

A

when a gas changes directly into a solid without going through the liquid phase.

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13
Q

distillation

A

the process that separates homogenous mixtures based on the different boiling points of the substances.

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14
Q

enthalpy

A

the amount of heat in a system at constant pressure.

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15
Q

evaporation

A

occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into a gas.

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16
Q

filtration

A

a physical process used to separate solids from liquids by passing them through a barrier.

17
Q

flammability

A

occurs when a material catches fire at a temperature below 43 degrees celcius.

18
Q

freezing

A

when a liquid turns into a solid.

19
Q

freezing point

A

the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid.

20
Q

heterogeneous mixture

A

a combination of two or more substances in which the original substances are separated into physical distinct regions.

21
Q

homogeneous mixture

A

a combination of two or more substances that have uniform composition and chemical properties throughout; also known as a solution.

22
Q

intermolecular force

A

any force that can hold or repel particles.

23
Q

malleability

A

how readily a material’s shape can be changed.

24
Q

matter

A

anything that has mass and takes up space.

25
Q

melting

A

when a solid turns into a liquid.

26
Q

melting point

A

the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid.

27
Q

mixture

A

a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties.

28
Q

phase change

A

a special type of physical change in which a substance transitions among the states of matter, solid, liquid, and gas, but the chemical properties of the substance remain the same.

29
Q

physical change

A

a change which alters a substance without altering its composition.

30
Q

physical property

A

a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical makeup of a substance. Types include color, odor, texture, boiling point, melting point, and density.

31
Q

reactivity

A

the relative ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction.

32
Q

solution

A

a combination of two or more substances that have uniform composition and chemical properties throughout; also known as a homogeneous mixture.

33
Q

sublimation

A

when a solid transistions into a gas without going through the liquid phase.

34
Q

temperature

A

a measure of the random kinetic energy in a sample of matter.

35
Q

vaporization

A

the phase change from liquid to gas.