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Physical Science 8 > Matter > Flashcards

Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

Substances

A

Type of matter with a fixed composition hat cannot be separated by physical means

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2
Q

Element

A

Substance made up of the same thing; Ex. gold, heliem, etc

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3
Q

Compound

A

Atoms of two or more elements combined

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4
Q

Mixture

A

Materials made up of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means

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5
Q

Heterogeneous

A

Mixture in which different materials can be easily distinguished; Ex. Pizza, fruit salad, granite

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6
Q

Homogeneous

A

Mixture in which two or more substances are uniformly spread out; Ex. Vinegar, salt water

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7
Q

Solution

A

Homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot even be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of their container; Ex. Vinegar, Soda (unopened), hydrogen peroxide

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8
Q

Colloid

A

Type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in the solution, but still too light to settle out; Ex. milk, fog, cool whip

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9
Q

Tyndall Effect

A

Shining a beam of light at a mixture to determine if it is a colloid or not. If the light scatters, it is a colloid

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10
Q

Suspension

A

Heterogeneous mixture containing liquid in which visible particles settle; Ex. Italian dressing, chocolate milk

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11
Q

Physical Property

A

Characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the substance; Ex. color, shape, size, density, melting point, boiling point

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12
Q

Chemical Property

A

Characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change; Ex. flammable, combustible, reacts to light

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13
Q

Physical Change

A

A change in size, shape, or state of matter; substance DOES NOT change identity when it undergoes a physical change; Ex. melting ice, cutting paper, breaking glass

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14
Q

Chemical Change

A

A change in one substance to another substance; Ex. fireworks exploding, rusting metal

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15
Q

The Law of Conservation of Mass

A

The mass of ALL substances present before a chemical change equals mass of ALL substances after change

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16
Q

Matter

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

17
Q

Kinetic Theory

A

Explains how particles in matter behave; Ex. All matter is composed of particles, Particles are in constant random motion, particles collide with each other and walls of their container

18
Q

Solid

A

Definite Shape and Definite volume; particles closely packed in geometric arrengement

19
Q

Liquid

A

Indefinite shape and definite volume; particles have more space and slide past each other

20
Q

Gas

A

Indefinite shape and indefinite volume; particles have energy to spread out evenly

21
Q

Plasma

A

High-temperature gas; particles are either positively or negatively charged

22
Q

Temperature

A

Related to average kinetic energy of an object when the temperature increases and contracts when cooled (water is the only exception and expands when it freezes)

23
Q

Fluid

A

Anything that flows- gas or liquid

24
Q

Buoyancy

A

the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it - this is called Bouyant Force

25
Q

Archimede’s Principle

A

The buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of fluid it displaced by the object; Ex. A boat displaces enough water to equal weight of a boat, therefore it floats

26
Q

Pascal’s Principle

A

Pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid; Ex. squeezing the end of a tube of toothpaste

27
Q

Bernoulli’s Principle

A

As the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by a fluid decreases; Ex. Air flowing past the top part of an airplane wing is moving faster than the air moving beneath the wing

28
Q

Boyle

A

Volume of gas decreases, pressure increases, temperature does NOT change; Ex. Weather balloon

29
Q

Charles

A

Temperature increases, volume increases, pressure always is constant; Ex. Hotair balloon

30
Q

Pressure-Temperature Relationship

A

As temperature increases, pressure increases, the volume does NOT change; Ex. Popping pop corn

Physical Science 8 (3 decks)

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