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Core Subjects Math > Mathematics Instruction Flashcards > Flashcards

Mathematics Instruction Flashcards

1
Q

Place Value

A

The value of each digit in a number based on its location, or place

In 135, the 3 is in the tens place and has a value of 3 x 10 or 30.

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2
Q

Inquiry-Based Teaching / Student-Centered Learning

A

students drive instruction by asking questions and creating projects to answer the questions

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3
Q

Constructivism

A

Learning new behaviors by adjusting our current view of the world

Research projects

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4
Q

English Language Learners (ELLs)

A

Students who are learning the English language, or for whom English is not a first language

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5
Q

Manipulatives

A

Objects used by students to illustrate and explore mathematical concepts, such as to represent numbers in an equation

Blocks, Coins

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6
Q

Thematic Unit

A

a unit that has an overarching, uniting idea or topic, and incorporates skills into that theme. It can be within one subject-area or support cross-curricular instruction.

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7
Q

Behaviorism

A

Learning theory rooted in the notion that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment

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8
Q

Cognitivism

A

Learning new behaviors by connecting current knowledge with new knowledge

Teaching fractions by talking about pizza slices

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9
Q

Visual Learning

A

Learning primarily by seeing things

Written examples

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10
Q

Concrete Representations

A

Using physical pieces to represent mathematical problems

Manipulatives

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11
Q

Closure Activity

A

a time to summarize the learning for the day

What question(s) do you still have about today’s lesson?

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12
Q

Flexible Grouping

A

grouping students based on their learning needs or interests

After reviewing the student test results, a teacher can use flexible grouping to organize groups based on students’ areas of weakness.

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13
Q

Compartmentalized Teaching

A

concepts taught one at a time in isolation of other concepts (no longer recommended)

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14
Q

Visual Methods

A

Lessons using materials for students to view.

maps, images, political cartoons, multimedia presentations and graphs

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15
Q

Backward Design / Planning

A

Lesson planning that begins with the desired outcome in mind

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16
Q

Kinesthetic Learning / Tactile Learning

A

Learning primarily by touching things or doing an activity

create and act out plays or skits

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17
Q

Tactile Methods

A

Lessons using materials for students to touch and handle.

Encouraging students to take notes, use study sheets, build dioramas or models

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18
Q

Heterogeneous Group

A

group comprised of individuals working on various levels

A small group of students with varying academic abilities working together on a science project is a heterogeneous group.

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19
Q

Symbolic Stage / Representational Stage

A

Drawing pictures or symbols to represent numbers in an equation

Squares

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20
Q

Learning Style

A

The manner in which a student learns best

Visual Learning

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21
Q

Integrated Teaching

A

multiple concepts are used in problem-solving at once (current best practices)

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22
Q

Basic Operations

A

addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

Math in early elementary school grades focuses on basic operations.

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23
Q

Counting

A

to name or list one-by-one in order to reach the total quantity

Popsicle sticks can be used by young children to practice counting. When there is a group of ten popsicle sticks, they can be grouped together with a rubber band as “one set of ten.”

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24
Q

Word Problems

A

a math question written as one sentence or more that requires children to apply their maths knowledge to solve a ‘real-life’ scenario

Jack had $10 and spent $4. How much money does he have left?

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25
Q

Small Group Instruction

A

a few members of the class learning together, as opposed to whole-group instruction

The students rotated through learning stations while the teacher pulled a few students to her table at a time for small group instruction.

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26
Q

Homogeneous Group

A

group comprised of individuals working on the same level

A small group of students reading a book together on the same reading level is a homogeneous group.

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27
Q

Culturally Responsive Teaching

A

an approach that recognizes the importance of including students’ cultures in all aspects of learning

Learning about students’ backgrounds and interests to cultivate authentic relationships in which students feel respected and valued is an example of culturally responsive teaching.

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28
Q

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS)

A

The state foundation curriculum developed by the State Board of Education, that requires all students to demonstrate the knowledge and skills necessary to read, write, compute, problem solve, think critically, apply technology, and communicate across all subject areas

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29
Q

Abstract Thinking

A

Using numbers or letter variables in an equation

13x = y

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30
Q

Auditory Methods

A

Lessons using materials for students to listen to.

speeches, music, or direct instruction

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31
Q

Auditory Learning

A

Learning primarily by hearing things

Lectures

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32
Q

Proportional Manipulatives

A

objects that are proportional to each other with respect to shape and size

tangrams

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33
Q

Concrete Operational Stage

A

the third stage of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive development, occurring from 7 years old to adolescence, in which children begin to think logically and use inductive reasoning

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34
Q

Preoperational Stage

A

the second stage of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive development, occurring from 2-7 years old, in which children think egocentrically and symbolically

35
Q

Formal Measurement

A

uses traditional measurement tools to find value

ruler for length

36
Q

Numeric Representation

A

A model using numbers to display a mathematical concept.

37
Q

Verbal Representation

A

word problems and verbal descriptions of how to solve a problem or what the solution means

“We know that Sam gets $10 each week for allowance, so let’s make that a constant. And we know that Sam wants to save $150 to buy a new bicycle, so that’s a constant, too. But, what we don’t know is how long does Sam need to save - let’s make that X. So the equation is 10x = 150.”

38
Q

Graphic / Pictorial Representation

A

A graph or picture that serves as a visual model of a mathematical equation.

Number line

39
Q

Word Wall

A

An on-going bulletin board with common terms used frequently in the classroom. Vocabulary words are added as they are introduced

40
Q

Search Engine

A

tool used to locate information on the internet

Google, Kiddle

41
Q

Pie Chart

A

graph in which a circle is divided into sectors that each represent a proportion of the whole. Pie charts are helpful when displaying the relative distribution of categories.

42
Q

App

A

a software application that is designed to perform a specific function for the user and can be utilized for teaching purposes

Remind, Canva, Kahoot

43
Q

Number Line

A

a straight line where each number is equal distance from the next one

44
Q

Presentation Software

A

used to display information with audio and visual components

Powerpoint, Google Slides, Prezi

45
Q

Website

A

collection of web pages housed under a common domain name that are viewed on an internet browser

kids.nationalgeographic.com, learninglab.si.edu

46
Q

Manipulatives

A

Objects used by students to illustrate and explore mathematical concepts, such as to represent numbers in an equation

Blocks, Coins

47
Q

Concrete Representations

A

Using physical pieces to represent mathematical problems

Manipulatives

48
Q

Blog / Discussion Board

A

platform for posts about various subjects and comments on the posts

Edublogs, Flipgrid

49
Q

Non-proportional Manipulatives

A

objects that are not proportional to each other with respect to shape and size. Often all of the items are the same size.

counting tokens

50
Q

Bar Graph

A

a visual representation of data which compares values in different categories

the number of people who prefer each genre of movie

51
Q

Line Graph

A

a visual representation of data which shows change over time or in response to a manipulated variable

52
Q

Informal Measurement

A

uses readily available objects to find value

arm for length

53
Q

Collaboration Software

A

applications designed for multiple users to share and work on files and documents together

54
Q

Symbolic Representation

A

A model using symbols or variables to display a mathematical concept.

Formula

55
Q

Spreadsheet

A

A tabular view of data with columns and rows; the intersection of a column and row is called a cell.

56
Q

Formal Assessments

A

a usually post-instruction assessment with the purpose of assessing student knowledge, retention, and application. Often involve the use of a standardized rubric or scoring guide based on several criteria.

chapter tests, semester tests

57
Q

Criterion-Referenced Tests

A

Tests in which a standard has been set for the test taker to achieve in order to pass the test.

A multiple choice or short answer test on the content of a unit of study in which a 70% is needed to pass.

58
Q

Informal Assessments

A

More flexible than formal assessments and can be adjusted to fit the situation and particular needs of the student being tested

observations during a lesson

59
Q

Universal Screener

A

An assessment administered to all students to gather data and form groups, such as intervention groups

60
Q

Exit Slips

A

A short formative assessment given by a teacher after completing a lesson to determine the degree to which students have learned the material taught in the lesson.

61
Q

Norm-Referenced Tests

A

Tests that compare an individual’s performance/achievement to a group called the “norm group.”

An IQ test

62
Q

Progress Monitoring

A

periodic assessments to monitor student growth and evaluate the effectiveness of instruction

The teacher prepared a progress monitoring assessment to see how much each student had improved and learn if his new instructional approach was effective. The teacher

63
Q

Portfolio

A

A collection of student’s work and achievements that is used to assess past accomplishments and future potential; can include finished work in a variety of media and can contain materials from several courses over time

64
Q

Diagnostic Assessment / Pre-Assessment

A

Assessment administered before instruction to determine students’ strengths and weaknesses

65
Q

Summative Assessments

A

Assessment of learning. Given at specific points in time in order to determine what students know and don’t know. Summative assessments are generally formal.

State assessments, district benchmarks, semester or six weeks tests, and end of unit or chapter

66
Q

Formative Assessments

A

Assessment for learning. Usually mid-instruction assessment with the purpose of assessing student progress and informing the teacher so instruction can be altered as needed.

graphic organizers, games

67
Q

Curriculum-Based Assessments

A

testing the curriculum being taught

68
Q

Performance-Based Assessment

A

A kind of assessment that requires students to show mastery of specific skills by demonstrating, producing, or performing something

designing and performing experiments, building models, writing poems or shorts stories, and developing portfolios

69
Q

Division Property of Equality

A

If the quantities on each side of an equal sign are both divided by the same amount, the resulting statement will still be equal.

70
Q

Metacognition

A

the ability to think about one’s own thought process

71
Q

Conjectures

A

guesses without proof while doing mathematics

72
Q

Multiplication Property of Equality

A

If the quantities on each side of an equal sign are both multiplied by the same amount, the resulting statement will still be equal.

73
Q

Teacher Wait Time

A

the silence that often comes after a question has been asked but before students have finished considering their answer and/or find the courage to speak up

74
Q

Subtraction Property of Equality

A

If the quantities on each side of an equal sign have the same amount subtracted from them, the resulting statement will still be equal.

75
Q

Algorithms

A

systematic methods that always produce a correct solution to a problem

Area = Base x Height

76
Q

Addition Property of Equality

A

If the quantities on each side of an equal sign have the same amount added to them, the resulting statement will still be equal.

77
Q

Deductive Reasoning

A

using two or more known premises to draw a conclusion

78
Q

Formal Reasoning

A

the use of logic and algorithms to reach conclusions

79
Q

Informal Reasoning

A

used to answer questions and solve problems that are complex and open-ended (without a definitive solution)

80
Q

Inductive Reasoning

A

generalizing knowledge from one area to another

81
Q

Think-Pair-Share

A

Active learning activity in which the teacher provides a prompt, the students consider it individually (THINK), then pair up and brainstorm responses or solutions (PAIR), and then the students then share their results with the class (SHARE).

82
Q

Estimating

A

rounding numbers or approximating them to quickly perform math operations

83
Q
A

Core Subjects Math (2 decks)

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