Mathematics Flashcards
Define Whole Numbers
The numbers used in counting.
Are negative numbers whole numbers?
No.
Are fractions whole numbers?
No.
Are decimals whole numbers?
No.
Define Place Value
Depending on its place in the whole number, each digit of the number represents a number of units, tens, hundreds, thousands, and so on.
What are the four fundamental operations performed on numbers?
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
Division
What are the numbers that are added called?
Addends
What is the answer obtained in addition?
Sum
What is the number from which we subtract called?
Minuend
What is the number being subtracted called?
Subtrahead
What is the answer obtained in a subtraction?
Difference
What is the number being multiplied called?
Multiplicand
What is the number by which we multiply?
Multiplier
What is the answer obtained in multiplication called?
Product
What are factors?
Numbers being multiplied are factors of their product.
What is the number being divided called?
Dividend
What is the number by which we divide called?
Divisor
What is the answer obtained in division?
Quotient
What is the partial quotient?
The answer to a problem in division without the remainder.
What is a total quotient?
The answer to a problem in division which includes the remainder.
(20/7 = 2 and 6/20)
What is a proper fraction?
A fraction whose value is less than 1. In a proper fraction, the numerator is less than the denominator.
What is an improper fraction?
A fraction whose value is equal to or greater than 1. In an improper fraction, the numerator is equal to or greater than the denominator.
What are the terms of a fraction?
Its numerator and denominator.
What are equivalent fractions?
Fractions that have the same value.
What is a mixed number?
A whole number plus a fraction.
How do you reduce a fraction to lowest terms?
Divide both numerator and denominator by the highest common factor.
What is a decimal?
A decimal or decimal fraction is a fraction whose denominator is 10, 100, 1000, or some other power of ten.
What is the rule for multiplying and dividing numbers by powers of ten?
Move the decimal point as many places as there are zeros in the power.
What is the difference between numerical and literal addends?
Numerical addends are numbers
Literal addends are letters used to represent numbers being added.gTVbbb343::Xhm45 ,
What is the commutative law for addition?
Interchanging addends does not change their sum
What is a first degree equation in one unknown?
A first degree equation in one unknown is one that contains only one unknown and where the unknown has the exponent one.
What is a good rule for determining the order of inverse operations when balancing an equation?
Generally, undo addition and subtraction before undoing multiplication and division.
What is the rule of transposition in regards to equations?
To transpose a term from one side of the equation to the other, change its sign.
How are opposite terms different from one another?
Opposites are terms differing only in sign.
Define the Lowest Common Denominator (LCD)
The lowest common denominator of two or more fractions is the smallest number divisible by their denominators without a remainder.
How can a decimal be easily turned into a fraction?
A decimal may always be written as a fraction whose denomination is 10, 100 or a power of ten.
How can you clear decimals when solving an equation?
Clear of decimals by multiplying both sides of the equation by the denominator of the decimal having the greatest number of decimal places.
When is it not necessary to clear of decimals?
If the coefficient of the unknown is not a decimal, it may be better not to clear of decimals.
What qualifies an equation as a literal equation?
Literal equations contain two or more letters.
What are all formulas examples of?
Literal equations.
Which three undefined terms underlie the definitions of all geometric terms?
Point
Line
Plane
What are the basic characteristics of a plane?
A plane has length and width but no thickness.
What is the defining characteristic of a plane surface?
A plane surface is a surface such that a straight line connecting any two of its points lies entirely on it.
Two line segments having the same length are said to be _____.
Congruent
What is an equilateral polygon?
A polygon having congruent sides.
What is an equiangular polygon?
A polygon having congruent angles.
What is a regular polygon?
A polygon that is both equilateral and equiangular.
What is a chord?
A line joining any two points on the circumference of a circle.