Math Vocabulary Flashcards
Arithmetic Sequence
A sequence in which the difference between consecutive terms is constant
Asymptote
A line that a graph approaches more and more closely\
Change of Base formula
A formula used to change the base of a Logarithm
Circle
A shape with no corners or edges, typically measured through pi, or π
Combined Variation
the combination of direct and inverse proportionality. If a variable has a combined proportionality with two other variables, then it has a direct proportion with one and an inverse proportion with the other.
Common Difference
The costant difference d beween consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence
Common Logarithm
A logarithm with base 10, denoted as log or log10
Common Ratio
The constant ratio r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence
Completing the Square
To add a term c to an expression of the form x^2 +bx such that x^2 +bx + c is a perfect square trinomial
Complex Conjugates
Pairs of complex numbers of the forms a + bi and a-bi where b does not equal 0
Complex Fraction
A fraction that contains a fraction in its numerator o denominator
Complex Number
In mathematics, a complex number is a number that can be expressed in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers
Composite of Functions
An operation that can be performed with two functions
Compound inequality
A compound inequality is an inequality that combines two simple inequalities.
Conic Section
a figure formed by the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone. Depending on the angle of the plane with respect to the cone, a conic section may be a circle, an ellipse, a parabola, or a hyperbola
Consistent
In mathematics and particularly in algebra, a linear or nonlinear system of equations is called consistent if there is at least one set of values for the unknowns that satisfies each equation in the system—that is, when substituted into each of the equations, they make each equation hold true as an identity.
Constant of Variation
The constant of variation in a direct variation is the constant (unchanged) ratio of two variable quantities. The formula for direct variation is. y=kx (or y=kx )
Continuous Relation
A set of data is said to be continuous if the values belonging to the set can take on ANY value within a finite or infinite interval.
Correlation Coefficient
a number between −1 and +1 calculated so as to represent the linear dependence of two variables or sets of data.
Dependent
The dependent variable is the one that depends on the value of some other number. If, say, y = x+3, then the value y can have depends on what the value of x is. Another way to put it is the dependent variable is the output value and the independent variable is the input value.
Dimensions of a Matrix
The dimensions of a matrix are the number of rows by the number of columns. If a matrix has a rows and b columns, it is an a×b matrix. For example, the first matrix shown below is a 2×2 matrix; the second one is a 1×4 matrix; and the third one is a 3×3 matrix.
Direct Variation
Direct variation describes a simple relationship between two variables . We say y varies directly with x (or as x , in some textbooks) if: y=kx. for some constant k , called the constant of variation or constant of proportionality .
Discriminant
In mathematics, the discriminant of a polynomial is a quantity that depends on the coefficients and determines various properties of the roots. It is generally defined as a polynomial function of the coefficients of the original polynomial
Ellipse
In mathematics, an ellipse is a plane curve surrounding two focal points, such that for all points on the curve, the sum of the two distances to the focal points is a constant. As such, it generalizes a circle, which is the special type of ellipse in which the two focal points are the same
End Behavior
The end behavior of a function f describes the behavior of the graph of the function at the “ends” of the x-axis. In other words, the end behavior of a function describes the trend of the graph if we look to the right end of the x-axis (as x approaches +∞ ) and to the left end of the x-axis (as x approaches −∞ ).
Exponential Equation
equations is which variable expressions occur as exponents
Extraneous Solution
solutions that are not solutions of the original equation
Extrema
In mathematical analysis, the maxima and minima of a function, known collectively as extrema, are the largest and smallest value of the function, either within a given range, or on the entire domain.
Factor Theorem
In algebra, the factor theorem is a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial. It is a special case of the polynomial remainder theorem. The factor theorem states that a polynomial f(x) has a factor if and only if f(k)=0
Finite Sequence
A sequence is finite if it has a limited number of terms and infinite if it does not. Finite sequence: {4,8,12,16,…, 64}