Math tips and vocab Flashcards
קודקוד של מצולע
vertex of square or rectangle
Quadrilateral
מצולע
מרובע חסום במעגל
Square ABCD is inscribed in circle O
מהירות בבעיית תנועה
Rate
1 pound
16 Ounces
Equilateral Triangle
משולש שווה צלעות
גובה של משולש
Altitude
Tangent
משיק
Consecutive positive even integers
2,4,6,8,10
1/8
- 5%
0. 125
1/6
- 6%
0. 165
1/3
33%
0.33
3/8
- 5%
0. 375
2/5
40%
5/8
- 5%
0. 625
2/3
- 6%
0. 6
3/4
75%
0.75
4/5
80%
0.8
5/6
- 3%
0. 83
7/8
- 5%
0. 875
משולש שווה שוקיים
Isoscles Triangle
משולש ישר זווית
Right triangle
3:4:5 Triangle
6:8:10
5:12:13
10:24:26
45•:45•:90•
1:1:_\2
30:60:90
1 :/ 3: 2
מטבע הוגן
מאוזן
Fair coin
Diameter
קוטר
קו ישר שמחבר שתי נקודות שנמצאות על היקף מעגל. הקוטר הוא הארוך מבין קוים אלה.
Chord AB connects points A B on the circumference.
Quantitative comparison tip
Make sure to simplify expressions all the way using the enequal sign.
Semicircle
חצי מעגל
Prime number facto tip
Always decompose numbers all the way down
Prime numbers
1 is not a prime number
Geometry tip
You can’t assume size according to diagram- unless it says so.
Data graph tip
If you misread the title of what the graph reads, you could get the question wrong. Read the titles carefully and linearly
Remainder tip
0 is a multiple of 7… or any other integer. So 3 is an integer- where if it is divided by 7 it leaves a remainder of 3.
LCM - Least common multiple
המספר הכי קטן שמתחלק בשני המספרים. 30 הינו הכפולה הקטנה ביותר של 6 ועשר.
GCD- Greatest common divisor.
GCF- Greatest common factor.
The largest integer that is a factor of two numbers.
המספר השלם הגדול ביותר שהוא גורם משותף של שני מספרים אחרים.
Rational number
Any number that can be expressed as a fraction
13 X 13
169
14 X 14
196
15 X 15
225
16 X 16
256
17 X 17
289
18 X 18
324
19 X 19
361
20 X 20
400
21 X 21
441
Stats tip for order of data
If they give you a set of data, make sure to organize it consecutively so that you can find the Md and the range…
Vertical Angles
זוויות קודקודיות
A line that bisects an angle
חוצה זווית לשתי זוויות שוות
Midpoint
נקודת האמצע על קו
Transversal
a line that intersects a pair of parallel lines- forming eight angles
Exterior Angle
זווית חיצונית למשולש
3 : 4 : 5 Triangle angles
a= 36.86 b = 53.13 c = 90
5 : 12 : 13 Triangle angles
a =
8 : 15 : 17 Right triangle
Remember length
7 : 24 : 25
Remember length
Sqrt (20)=Sqrt (4 X 5)
Sqrt (4) X Squrt (5)
Triangle Inequality
The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the length of the third side.
a < b+c
Triangle Inequality
The difference of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is less than the length of the third side
A> |b - c|
Pentagon
five side Polygon
Hexagon
6 sides
Octagon
8 sides
Decagon
10 sides
The sum of the measures of the n angles in a polygon with n sides is
(n - 2) x 180
In any polygon, the sum of the exterior angles, taking one at each vertex
360
Regular polygon
מצולע משוכלל
In any regular polygon, the measure of each interior angle is
(n-2) x 180/ n
In any regular polygon, the measure of each exterior angle is
360/n
Parallelogram
מקבילית
Trepezoid
One pair of sides- parallel , and the other is not
Parallelogram area
A=bh
Trepezoid area
A=0.5 (b1+b2)h
Alternative square area formula
A=0.5d^2
Where d the length of the diagonal
Rectangle fact
For a given perimeter- the rectangle with the largest area; and smallest perimeter is a square
Arc
Two points on a circle and all points between them.
קשת
Central angle
Vertex is at the center of the circle
Inscribed in
חסום ב
Rectangular solid
Box
תיבה מלבנית
Faces
פאות
Edges
Sides of rectangle
1 yard
36 inches
1 yard
3 feet
1 foot
12 inches
Inequalities tip
Don’t forget to switch the direction of the unequal sign when dividing and multiplying by a negative number.
When being asked for an abstract problem- make sure they are not playing with direction switching
Fractions and Decimals tip
0.012 does not equal 0.1212 unless they say the word approximately
Word problem
Always write down and circle the variable you are trying to identify
Rate and distance tip
Average Rate (speed)= the total distance traveled divided by the total time spent traveling.
Not necessarily X+Y/2….
Average Speed = Total Distance/ Total Time .
Rate and distance tip
Don’t forget that when you are asked about time, and the q mentions slower- that means more seconds. And faster means less seconds…
Thus 5 seconds faster- means 5 seconds less….
Quartile tip
This is a GRE method- not the one learned in Israel.
A quartile is defined as the median of half of a set of data.
data.
For the first half, {2, 5, 7, 11, 16, 24}, the median is (7 + 11)/ 2 = 9 = Q1.
The first quartile (or Q1) of a set of data is the median of the lower half of the data. For the first half, {2, 5, 7, 11, 16, 24}, the median is (7 + 11)/ 2 = 9 = Q1.
Normal distribution
+1 sd
+1 SD= 34%
Normal distribution
+2 SD
+2 SD= 48%
Linear transformation on distribution
multiplying all numbers by a number will change the standard deviation
Sy= |a|*Sx
Markup
Markup is the difference between the cost of a good or service and its selling price.
A markup is added to the total cost incurred by the producer in order to produce a profit.
% tip
When working with %, always remember to relate the percent change to the original quantity.
That is- as the question what is the original quantity at a given time?
And then - what kind of percentage change would it need to be multiplied with in order to arrive at quantity 2.
Semantics regarding word problems
Notice the difference between “at least” and “greater than”.
Factoring tip
When finding the factors of two given numbers you need to look for all possible combinations
Tenths digit
ספרת העשיריות אשר מימין לנקודה
Tens digit
ספרת העשרות אשר משמאל לנקודה וגם משמאל לספרת האחדות
Polygon angle tip
Do not assume that a picture of a regular polygon is indeed in fact a regular polygon- they might be trying to trick you…
Hypotenuse
יתר
Triangle third side law
you can use both parts of the rule a+b>c and c>a-b…. to create a range
quadratic equation
משוואה ריבועית
aX^2+bX+c=0