Math spring 1 Flashcards
What does equidistant mean?
At equal distances
Used in geometry to describe points that are the same distance from a given point or line.
What is a locus?
A group of points which satisfy the same rule
Often used to describe the path traced by a point that moves according to specific conditions.
What does perpendicular mean?
At right angles to
Indicates a relationship between two lines or surfaces that meet at a 90-degree angle.
What does bisector mean?
A line that cuts the angle in half
Commonly refers to an angle bisector or a line segment bisector.
What is an angle bisector?
Cuts the angle in half
A specific type of bisector that divides an angle into two equal parts.
What is enlargement?
Changes the size of the shape by a scale factor from a centre point
A transformation that increases the size of an object while maintaining its proportions.
What is the scale factor?
What all the sides are multiplied by to get the enlargement
It determines how much larger or smaller the new shape will be compared to the original.
What are similar shapes?
Have the same angles but are different in size. The ratio between the sides are the same
Similarity in geometry indicates that two shapes can be scaled versions of each other.
What are congruent shapes?
Identical in shape and size
Congruent shapes can be superimposed onto each other perfectly.
What are the four congruency rules?
SSS, SAS, ASA, RHS
These rules help to determine if two triangles are congruent.
What does SSS stand for?
Side, side, side (all sides are equal)
A congruency rule used in triangle congruence.
What does SAS stand for?
Side, Angle, Side
A congruency rule that requires two sides and the included angle to be equal.
What does ASA stand for?
Angle, Side, Angle
A congruency rule that requires two angles and the included side to be equal.
What does RHS stand for?
Right angle, Hypotenuse, Side
A specific rule for determining the congruence of right-angled triangles.
What is an error interval?
The range of values between upper and lower bounds in which the precise value can be
Useful in measurement to indicate the uncertainty of a value.
The upper bound is…
A value that is greater than or equal to every element of a set of data
It represents the maximum limit of a range.
The lower bound is…
A value that is less than or equal to every element of a set of data
It represents the minimum limit of a range.
What are the properties of an equilateral triangle?
All angles are the same size and all sides are the same length
Equilateral triangles are a type of regular polygon.
What are the properties of a scalene triangle?
All angles are different sizes and all sides are different lengths
No sides or angles in a scalene triangle are equal.
What are the properties of a right-angled triangle?
Contains one angle of 90
Right-angled triangles have specific relationships between their sides, known as the Pythagorean theorem.
What are the properties of an isosceles triangle?
Has 2 sides of equal length and 2 angles of equal size
The equal sides are referred to as the legs of the triangle.
What are the properties of a square?
All of its sides are the same length. All of its angles are equal (90). It has 2 pairs of parallel sides
A square is a regular quadrilateral.
What are the properties of a rectangle?
Opposite sides are the same length. All of its angles are equal (90). It has 2 pairs of parallel sides
A rectangle is a type of quadrilateral.
What are the properties of a rhombus?
All sides are the same length. None of its angles are 90. It has 2 pairs of parallel sides
A rhombus is a special type of parallelogram.
What are the properties of a parallelogram?
Opposite sides are the same length. None of its angles are 90. It has 2 pairs of parallel sides
Parallelograms include rectangles, rhombuses, and squares.
What are the properties of a kite?
Adjacent sides are the same length. 1 pair of opposite angles are equal. It has 0 pairs of parallel lines
Kites have a distinct shape formed by two pairs of adjacent sides.
What are the properties of a trapezium?
It has 1 pair of parallel lines. In the special case of an isosceles trapezium, it has 1 pair of opposite sides of equal length
Trapeziums are also known as trapezoids in some regions.
What is a tessellation?
When we cover a surface with a pattern of flat shapes so that there are no overlaps or gaps
Tessellations can be seen in art and nature, as well as in mathematical patterns.
An acute angle is…
An angle smaller than 90°
Acute angles are commonly found in various geometric shapes.
Adjacent angles at a point in straight lines…
Add up to 180°
This is a fundamental property of angles in geometry.
Ratio is…
How much there is of one thing compared to another
Ratios can be expressed in various forms, including fractions and proportions.
Corresponding angles in parallel lines are…
The same
This property is used to determine angle relationships in transversal lines.
Vertically opposite angles are…
The same
This property applies when two lines intersect.
Alternate angles in parallel lines are…
The same
Alternate angles are also formed when a transversal crosses two parallel lines.
Interior angles of a triangle add up to…
180°
This is a fundamental property of triangles in Euclidean geometry.
A vector quantity…
Has both direction and magnitude
Common examples include force, velocity, and displacement.
Lines of symmetry…
Is a line that cuts a shape exactly in half
Shapes can have multiple lines of symmetry, and it is a key concept in geometry.
