math final vocab

Question 1

arithmetic sequence

Answer 1

each term increases by adding or subtracting a constant

Question 2

asymptote

Answer 2

line continually approaching curve but never touch

Question 3

change of base formula

Answer 3

logb of a=x, bx=a

Question 4

zeros

Answer 4

The x value when y =0

Question 5

Vertical line test

Answer 5

A way to see if a line if a function

Question 6

Vertex form

Answer 6

f(x) = a(x-h) squared + k

Question 7

Synthetic Division

Answer 7

How to divide a binomial in the form of x-k from a polynomial

Question 8

Step Function

Answer 8

A piecewise function defined by a constant value over each part of its domain

Question 9

set-builder notation

Answer 9

Uses symbols to define a set, in terms of the properties of the set (Think of the All Real Numbers symbol)

Question 10

circle

Answer 10

2d shape where are points are at an equal distance from the center

Question 11

combined variation

Answer 11

when a variable depends on 2 or more other variables

Question 12

common difference

Answer 12

constant difference of terms in an arithmetic sequence

Question 13

common log

Answer 13

when the log doesn’t have a written out base the base is 10

Question 14

common ratio

Answer 14

constant factor between consecutive terms on a geometric sequence (3 is the common ratio in 9, 27, 81, etc.)

Question 15

completing the square

Answer 15

ex: (x-8)²=x² -16x + 64

Question 16

complex conjugate

Answer 16

number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. ex: x+iy and x-iy are complex conjugates

Question 17

complex fraction

Answer 17

fractionception, ex: 1/4 over 3/9 (a fraction divided by a fraction)

Question 18

complex number

Answer 18

a+bi (real plus imaginary number) (Ex: 1+3i)

Question 19

composition of functions

Answer 19

operation that takes two functions f and g and produces a function h such that h(x) = g(f(x)). (putting two functions together)

Question 20

compound inequality

Answer 20

two inequality statements joined either by the word “or” or by the word “and.” ex: x>y and x

Question 21

conic section

Answer 21

curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane. The three types of conic section are the hyperbola, the parabola, and the ellipse

Question 22

consistent

Answer 22

no contradictions in the problem

Question 23

constant of variation

Answer 23

constant ratio of two variable quantities. where k is the constant of variation, ex: If y varies directly as x and y=15 when x=24 , find x when y=25. (think direct function)

Question 24

continuous relation

Answer 24

can be graphed as a smooth line or curve and has an infinite number of points

Question 25

correlation coefficient

Answer 25

in a regression it is denoted by r from -1 to 1 when r is close to 1 points lie close to a positive slope when r is close to -1 the points lie close to a negative slope (magnitude of slope)

Question 26

dependent

Answer 26

variable that depends on another variable, ex: y is dependent in y=mx+b

Question 27

dimensions of a matrix

Answer 27

if a matrix has a rows and b columns, it is an a×b matrix

Question 28

direct variation

Answer 28

regular line on a graph y=kx (y=3x)

Question 29

discriminant

Answer 29

The discriminant is the part of the quadratic formula underneath the square root symbol b²-4ac (b is the discriminant)

Question 30

ellipse

Answer 30

an oval, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant (think oval)

Question 31

end behavior

Answer 31

as x approaches ___ , y approaches ____

Question 32

exponential equations

Answer 32

variables occur as exponents (exponent is x)

Question 33

extraneous solution

Answer 33

a solution found that makes the equation false

Question 34

extrema

Answer 34

the maximum or minimum value of a function

Question 35

factor theorem

Answer 35

factoring polynomials completely

Question 36

finite sequence

Answer 36

list of terms in a specific order

Question 37

function

Answer 37

binary relation between two sets that associates to each element of the first set exactly one element of the second set

Question 38

geometric sequence

Answer 38

sequence of non-zero numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number

Question 39

greatest integer function

Answer 39

function that returns a constant value for each specific interval (step function)

Question 40

growth factor

Answer 40

factor by which a quantity multiplies itself over time

Question 41

hyperbola

Answer 41

set of all points (x,y) in a plane such that the difference of the distances between (x,y) and the foci is a positive constant

Question 42

identity function

Answer 42

function that always returns the same value that was used as its statement. (If y is equal to one, so is x)

Question 43

imaginary unit

Answer 43

i

Question 44

inconsistent

Answer 44

contradictions allowed in the problem (parallel lines are an example)

Question 45

independent

Answer 45

variable that does not need another variable to function

Question 46

infinite sequence

Answer 46

sequence does not have an end

Question 47

interval notation

Answer 47

shorthand way to write an inequality or system of inequalities

Question 48

inverse function

Answer 48

function that "reverses" another functio, f⁻¹(x)

Question 49

inverse relation

Answer 49

interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function, ex: (a,b) (b,a)

Question 50

inverse variation

Answer 50

xy=k, y=k/x

Question 51

joint variation

Answer 51

y=kxz

Question 52

latus rectum

Answer 52

parabola bottom

Question 53

linear programming

Answer 53

method to achieve the best outcome in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships

Question 54

logarithm

Answer 54

a quantity representing the power to which a fixed number (the base) must be raised to produce a given number

Question 55

logistic growth model

Answer 55

approximately exponential at first, but it has a reduced rate of growth as the output approaches the model's upper bound, called the carrying capacity

Question 56

matrix

Answer 56

rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns

Question 57

n root

Answer 57

variable that represents a root

Question 58

natural log

Answer 58

ln or e

Question 59

negative exponent

Answer 59

base is on the wrong side of the fraction line

Question 60

parabola

Answer 60

a symmetrical open plane curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side

Question 61

parent function

Answer 61

simplest form of a function

Question 62

piece-wise defined function

Answer 62

function defined by multiple sub-functions, where each sub-function applies to a different interval in the domain

Question 63

point slope formula

Answer 63

y-y sub 1 =m(x-x sub 1)

Question 64

quadratic function

Answer 64

f(x)=a(x−h)2+k

Question 65

radicand

Answer 65

The value inside the radical symbol

Question 66

rate of change

Answer 66

how one quantity changes in relation to another quantity

Question 67

rational exponent

Answer 67

expressions with exponents that are rational numbers

Question 68

rational functions

Answer 68

algebraic fraction such that both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials

Question 69

rationalizing the denominator

Answer 69

eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots

Question 70

recursive formula

Answer 70

formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding terms

Question 71

regression line

Answer 71

straight line that describes how a response variable y changes as an explanatory variable x changes (average slope)

Question 72

relative max

Answer 72

the max value of a line

Question 73

relative min

Answer 73

the min of a line

Question 74

root

Answer 74

In mathematics, a square root of a number x is a number y such that y² = x

Question 75

scatter plot

Answer 75

display values for typically two variables for a set of data

Question 76

sequence

Answer 76

enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed and order matters