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Honors Algebra 2 > math final vocab > Flashcards

math final vocab Flashcards

1
Q

arithmetic sequence

A

each term increases by adding or subtracting a constant

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2
Q

asymptote

A

line continually approaching curve but never touch

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3
Q

change of base formula

A

logb of a=x, bx=a

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4
Q

zeros

A

The x value when y =0

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5
Q

Vertical line test

A

A way to see if a line if a function

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6
Q

Vertex form

A

f(x) = a(x-h) squared + k

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7
Q

Synthetic Division

A

How to divide a binomial in the form of x-k from a polynomial

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8
Q

Step Function

A

A piecewise function defined by a constant value over each part of its domain

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9
Q

set-builder notation

A

Uses symbols to define a set, in terms of the properties of the set (Think of the All Real Numbers symbol)

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10
Q

circle

A

2d shape where are points are at an equal distance from the center

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11
Q

combined variation

A

when a variable depends on 2 or more other variables

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12
Q

common difference

A

constant difference of terms in an arithmetic sequence

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13
Q

common log

A

when the log doesn’t have a written out base the base is 10

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14
Q

common ratio

A

constant factor between consecutive terms on a geometric sequence (3 is the common ratio in 9, 27, 81, etc.)

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15
Q

completing the square

A

ex: (x-8)²=x² -16x + 64

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16
Q

complex conjugate

A

number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. ex: x+iy and x-iy are complex conjugates

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17
Q

complex fraction

A

fractionception, ex: 1/4 over 3/9 (a fraction divided by a fraction)

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18
Q

complex number

A

a+bi (real plus imaginary number) (Ex: 1+3i)

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19
Q

composition of functions

A

operation that takes two functions f and g and produces a function h such that h(x) = g(f(x)). (putting two functions together)

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20
Q

compound inequality

A

two inequality statements joined either by the word “or” or by the word “and.” ex: x>y and x

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21
Q

conic section

A

curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane. The three types of conic section are the hyperbola, the parabola, and the ellipse

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22
Q

consistent

A

no contradictions in the problem

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23
Q

constant of variation

A

constant ratio of two variable quantities. where k is the constant of variation, ex: If y varies directly as x and y=15 when x=24 , find x when y=25. (think direct function)

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24
Q

continuous relation

A

can be graphed as a smooth line or curve and has an infinite number of points

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25
Q

correlation coefficient

A

in a regression it is denoted by r from -1 to 1 when r is close to 1 points lie close to a positive slope when r is close to -1 the points lie close to a negative slope (magnitude of slope)

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26
Q

dependent

A

variable that depends on another variable, ex: y is dependent in y=mx+b

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27
Q

dimensions of a matrix

A

if a matrix has a rows and b columns, it is an a×b matrix

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28
Q

direct variation

A

regular line on a graph y=kx (y=3x)

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29
Q

discriminant

A

The discriminant is the part of the quadratic formula underneath the square root symbol b²-4ac (b is the discriminant)

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30
Q

ellipse

A

an oval, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant (think oval)

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31
Q

end behavior

A

as x approaches ___ , y approaches ____

32
Q

exponential equations

A

variables occur as exponents (exponent is x)

33
Q

extraneous solution

A

a solution found that makes the equation false

34
Q

extrema

A

the maximum or minimum value of a function

35
Q

factor theorem

A

factoring polynomials completely

36
Q

finite sequence

A

list of terms in a specific order

37
Q

function

A

binary relation between two sets that associates to each element of the first set exactly one element of the second set

38
Q

geometric sequence

A

sequence of non-zero numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number

39
Q

greatest integer function

A

function that returns a constant value for each specific interval (step function)

40
Q

growth factor

A

factor by which a quantity multiplies itself over time

41
Q

hyperbola

A

set of all points (x,y) in a plane such that the difference of the distances between (x,y) and the foci is a positive constant

42
Q

identity function

A

function that always returns the same value that was used as its statement. (If y is equal to one, so is x)

43
Q

imaginary unit

A

i

44
Q

inconsistent

A

contradictions allowed in the problem (parallel lines are an example)

45
Q

independent

A

variable that does not need another variable to function

46
Q

infinite sequence

A

sequence does not have an end

47
Q

interval notation

A

shorthand way to write an inequality or system of inequalities

48
Q

inverse function

A

function that “reverses” another functio, f⁻¹(x)

49
Q

inverse relation

A

interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function, ex: (a,b) (b,a)

50
Q

inverse variation

A

xy=k, y=k/x

51
Q

joint variation

A

y=kxz

52
Q

latus rectum

A

parabola bottom

53
Q

linear programming

A

method to achieve the best outcome in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships

54
Q

logarithm

A

a quantity representing the power to which a fixed number (the base) must be raised to produce a given number

55
Q

logistic growth model

A

approximately exponential at first, but it has a reduced rate of growth as the output approaches the model’s upper bound, called the carrying capacity

56
Q

matrix

A

rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns

57
Q

n root

A

variable that represents a root

58
Q

natural log

A

ln or e

59
Q

negative exponent

A

base is on the wrong side of the fraction line

60
Q

parabola

A

a symmetrical open plane curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side

61
Q

parent function

A

simplest form of a function

62
Q

piece-wise defined function

A

function defined by multiple sub-functions, where each sub-function applies to a different interval in the domain

63
Q

point slope formula

A

y-y sub 1 =m(x-x sub 1)

64
Q

quadratic function

A

f(x)=a(x−h)2+k

65
Q

radicand

A

The value inside the radical symbol

66
Q

rate of change

A

how one quantity changes in relation to another quantity

67
Q

rational exponent

A

expressions with exponents that are rational numbers

68
Q

rational functions

A

algebraic fraction such that both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials

69
Q

rationalizing the denominator

A

eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots

70
Q

recursive formula

A

formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding terms

71
Q

regression line

A

straight line that describes how a response variable y changes as an explanatory variable x changes (average slope)

72
Q

relative max

A

the max value of a line

73
Q

relative min

A

the min of a line

74
Q

root

A

In mathematics, a square root of a number x is a number y such that y² = x

75
Q

scatter plot

A

display values for typically two variables for a set of data

76
Q

sequence

A

enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed and order matters

Honors Algebra 2 (1 decks)

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