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Math > Math Common Core Vocab 9-12 > Flashcards

Math Common Core Vocab 9-12 Flashcards

Learn math terms related to common core exam

1
Q

A flat shape that only has length and height, but not width (depth)

A

2‐dimensional figure

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2
Q

A table in which frequencies correspond to two variables

A

2‐way frequency table

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3
Q

solid shapes; having points or sides that are not all on one plane

A

3‐dimensional

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4
Q

If two angles of one triangle are congruent to two corresponding
angles in another triangle, then the triangles are similar

A

AA similarity

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5
Q

How far a number is from zero

A

absolute value

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6
Q

An angle with a measure greater than 0° and less than 90°

A

acute angle

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7
Q

A mathematical phrase that can contain ordinary numbers, variables
(like x or y) and operators (like add, subtract, multiply, and divide)

A

algebraic expression

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8
Q

Half the maximum peak‐to‐peak value of a periodic function

A

amplitude

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9
Q

Examining parts to understand how they work together

A

analyze

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10
Q

A figure formed by two rays with the same endpoint (vertex)

A

angle

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11
Q

If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to
the two angles and the included side of another triangle, then the
two triangles are congruent.

A

Angle‐Side‐Angle (ASA)

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12
Q

A value that is very close but not exactly to another number

A

approximate

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13
Q

Part of the circumference (edge) of a circle

A

arc

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14
Q

The amount of surface inside a closed shape. measured in square units

A

area

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15
Q

The measure of the interior surface. The formula is a=∏r² (pie x
radius squared)

A

area of a circle

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16
Q

The measure of the interior surface. The formula is a=½bh ((base x
height) ÷ by 2)

A

area of a triangle

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17
Q

A sequence of numbers that has a constant difference between every
two consecutive terms

A

arithmetic sequence

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18
Q

The property that states that when adding three or more real numbers, the sum is always the same regardless of their grouping

A

Associative Property of Addition

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19
Q

The property that states that when multiplying three or more real numbers, the product is always the same regardless of their
grouping

A

Associative Property of Multiplication

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20
Q

a line that a graph gets closer and closer to, but never touches or
crosses

A

asymptote

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21
Q

A calculated “central” value of a set of numbers

A

average

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22
Q

The horizontal and vertical number lines used in a coordinate plane
system

A

axis

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23
Q

A flat surface of a solid figure by which the figure is measured or
classified

A

base (of a solid figure)

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24
Q

Binomial Theorem is used to expand powers of binomials

A

binomial Theorem

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25
Q

To divide into two equal sections or two equal halves

A

bisect

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26
Q

A line that cuts another line segment into two equal parts

A

bisector of a line

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27
Q

A diagram or graph using a number line to show the distribution of a
set of data

A

box plot

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28
Q

changes in x cause changes in y in a list of data

A

causation

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29
Q

A straight line connecting two points on a curve or curved shape

A

chord

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30
Q

Having the shape of a perfect circle, or resembling a circle in shape

A

circular

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31
Q

The distance around a circle; the perimeter of a circle

A

circumference

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32
Q

A geometric figure that is drawn around another geometric figure so
as to touch all its vertices

A

circumscribed

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33
Q

to sort into categories or to arrange into groups by attribute

A

classify

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34
Q

The number which is multiplied by one or more variables or powers
of variables in the term

A

coefficient

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35
Q

An arrangement of objects in which order does not matter

A

combination

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36
Q

the constant ratio between any term and the term after it

A

common ratio

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37
Q

This property means that addends can be added in any order and the
sum is always the same

A

Commutative Property of Addition

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38
Q

This property means that factors can be multiplied in any order and
the product is always the same

A

Commutative Property of Multiplication

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39
Q

To find how things are different or the same

A

compare

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40
Q

Two angles that add up to equal 90°

A

complementary angles

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41
Q

the process of converting a quadratic equation into a perfect square
trinomial by adding or subtracting terms on both sides

A

complete the square

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42
Q

A number that can be written by the sum or difference of a real
number and an imaginary number

A

complex number

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43
Q

Describes the probability resulting from two or more simple events

A

compound events

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44
Q

Finding an answer by using mathematics or logic

A

computation

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45
Q

To solve problems that use numbers

A

compute

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46
Q

A statement that follows logically from other facts

A

conclusion

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47
Q 
The probability of some event (A), given the occurrence of some
other event (B)
A

conditional probability

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48
Q

The relative frequencies placed in the body of a two‐way relative
frequency table

A

conditional relative frequency

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49
Q

The volume (V) of a cone is equal to 1/3πr2h

A

cone volume formula

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50
Q

Having exactly the same shape and size

A

congruent

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51
Q

angles that have the exact same measurement

A

congruent angle

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52
Q

Sides that are exactly the same size

A

congruent side

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53
Q

Triangles that are exactly the same size

A

congruent triangle

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54
Q

A group of curves obtained when a plane intersects a double cone

A

conic sections

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55
Q

Two binomials whose only difference is the sign of one term

A

conjugate

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56
Q

a linear function of the form y = b , where b is a constant

A

constant function

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57
Q

The process of building something

A

construction

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58
Q

A pair of numbers used to determine the position of a point on a
graph

A

coordinate

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59
Q

A set of lines or curves used to define a coordinate system

A

coordinate axes

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60
Q

The plane containing the “x” axis and “y” axis

A

coordinate plane

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61
Q

The degree to which two variables are related

A

correlation

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62
Q

When two lines are crossed by another line (which is called the
Transversal), the angles in matching corners are called corresponding
angles

A

corresponding angle

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63
Q

If the position of two sides is the same in two figures, they are called
corresponding sides

A

corresponding side

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64
Q

In a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the side adjacent to an
acute angle to the length of the hypotenuse

A

cosine

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65
Q

The plane figure obtained by the intersection of a solid by a plane

A

cross‐section

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66
Q

A value that, when used in a multiplication three times, gives that
number

A

cube root

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67
Q

a line that is rounded

A

curve

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68
Q

A solid object with 2 identical flat ends that are circular and 1 curved
side

A

cylinder

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69
Q

A collection of facts, such as values or measurements

A

data

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70
Q

Different ways of displaying data in charts, tables, or graphs;
including pictographs, single‐ or double‐bar graphs, line graphs, line
plots, or Venn diagrams

A

Data displays/graphs

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71
Q

An item of factual information resulting from measurement or

research

A

data point

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72
Q

An interval where a function’s slope is negative

A

decreasing intervals

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73
Q

The unit of measure for angles or temperature (°)

A

degrees (°)

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74
Q

to find or figure out

A

determine

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75
Q

A straight line going through the center of a circle connecting two
points on the circumference

A

diameter

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76
Q

Not the same; unlike

A

different/difference

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77
Q

a change in size of a figure without changing its angles

A

dilation

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78
Q

The formula for finding the distance between two points

A

distance formula

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79
Q

A number outside the parenthesis can be multiplied to each term
within the parenthesis. Ex. a(b + c) = ab + ac

A

distributive property

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80
Q

All the values that go into a function

A

domain

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81
Q

a graph that summarizes data by the number of dots above each data value on the horizontal axis

A

dot plot

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82
Q

A stretched out or smashed circle

A

ellipse

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83
Q

Says two things are the same, using math symbols

A

equation

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84
Q

Various equations that represent a line. In all equations, slope is
represented by m, the x‐intercept by a, and the y‐intercept by b

A

equation of a line

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85
Q

Equally distant

A

equidistant

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86
Q

a triangle with 3 equal sides and 3 equal angles

A

equilateral triangle

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87
Q

Expressions that have the same value but are presented in a different
format using the properties of numbers

A

equivalent expression

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88
Q

To guess closely; an answer that is close to the exact answer

A

estimate/estimation

89
Q

The main area of study in high school geometry. This is the geometry
of axioms, theorems, and two‐column proofs. It includes the study of
points, lines, triangles, quadrilaterals, other polygons, circles,
spheres, prisms, pyramids, cones, cylinders, etc

A

Euclidean geometry

90
Q

to solve or find the value of an expression

A

evaluate

91
Q

A mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is
multiplied by itself

A

exponent

92
Q

a decrease that follows an exponential function

A

exponential decay

93
Q

A function of the form y = a∙bx where a > 0 and either 0 < b < 1 or b >
1

A

exponential function

94
Q

an increase that follows an exponential function

A

exponential growth

95
Q

Numbers, symbols grouped together to show the value of something

A

expression

96
Q

A number that is multiplied by another number to find a product

A

factor

97
Q

The sequence of numbers 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, . . . for which the
next term is found by adding the previous two terms

A

Fibonacci sequence

98
Q

Describes a set which does not have an infinite number of elements

A

finite

99
Q

A mathematical rule written using symbols, usually as an equation
describing a certain relationship between quantities

A

formula

100
Q

A table that shows how often each item, number, or range of

numbers occurs in a set of data

A

frequency table

101
Q

A special relationship between values: Each input values gives back
exactly one output value

A

function

102
Q

f(x); an alternative to the “y=” equation

A

function notation

103
Q

The theorem that establishes that, using complex numbers, all
polynomials can be factored

A

Fundamental Theorem of Algebra

104
Q

A figure formed by any combination of points, lines, planes, curves,
or surfaces in one, two, or three dimensions

A

geometric figure

105
Q

A sequence which has a constant ratio between terms

A

geometric sequence

106
Q

A sequence made by multiplying some number each time

A

geometric series

107
Q

A polygon with 6 sides

A

hexagon

108
Q

A bar chart representing a frequency distribution

A

histogram

109
Q

Hyperbola is a conic section in which difference of distances of all the
points from two fixed points (called foci) is constant

A

hyperbola

110
Q

A square matrix which has a 1 for each element on the main diagonal
and 0 for all other elements

A

identity matrix

111
Q

A interval where the function’s slope is positive

A

increasing intervals

112
Q

A conclusion drawn from multiple observations

A

inference

113
Q

The starting point of a vector that is being represented by a line segment

A

initial point of a vector

114
Q

The value substituted for a variable in an expression

A

input

115
Q

To draw on the inside of, touching as many points as possible

A

inscribe

116
Q

All whole numbers (both positive and negative) and zero

A

integer

117
Q

An exponent that is any integer; positive, negative, or 0

A

integer exponent

118
Q

The point at which a line or curve intersects an axis

A

intercept

119
Q

An angle inside a shape

A

interior angle

120
Q

The difference between the upper and lower quartiles; represents
the middle half of the data in the set

A

interquartile range

121
Q

The point at which lines or curves meet; the line where planes meet

A

intersection

122
Q

Opposite in effect; the reverse of

A

inverse

123
Q

A number that cannot be written as a simple fraction ‐ the decimal
goes on forever without repeating

A

irrational numbers

124
Q

An equation relating the cosine of an interior angle and the lengths
of the sides of a triangle

A

law of cosines

125
Q

Equations relating the sines of the interior angles of a triangle and
the corresponding opposite sides

A

law of sines

126
Q

the part of a line consisting of two endpoints and all points between
them

A

line segment

127
Q

An equation that makes a straight line when it is graphed

A

linear equation

128
Q

A function that can be graphically represented on the coordinate
plane by a straight line

A

linear function

129
Q

The logarithm base b of a number x is the power to which b must
be raised in order to equal x

A

logarithm

130
Q

The inverse of the exponential function

A

logarithmic function

131
Q

Standard procedure suitable for dividing simple or complex multi‐
digit numbers. it breaks down a division problem into a series of
easier steps

A

long division

132
Q

The length of a vector

A

magnitude of a vector

133
Q

The entries in the “total” row and “total” column of a two‐way
relative frequency table

A

marginal relative frequency

134
Q 
A rectangular (or square) array of numbers. Matrices can be written
using brackets or parentheses
A

matrix/matrices

135
Q

The average; A measure of center in a set of numerical data,
computed by adding the values in a list and then dividing by the
number of values in the list

A

mean

136
Q

The middle value of a set of data that are arranged in order of size

A

median

137
Q

The midline is a horizontal axis that is used as the reference line
about which the graph of a periodic function oscillates

A

midline

138
Q

The point on a line segment equidistant from the endpoints

A

midpoint of a line segment

139
Q

The process of representing real life situations through equations or
inequalities

A

modeling

140
Q

Two numbers that when multiplied together equal 1. example 4

multiplied by 1/4

A

multiplicative inverses

141
Q

A line on which ordered numbers can be written or visualized and
may include negative numbers

A

number line

142
Q

The math processes of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division

A

operation

143
Q

The side across from the reference angle in a right triangle

A

opposite side

144
Q 
The point of intersection of the x‐ and y‐axes in a rectangular
coordinate system, where the x‐coordinate and y‐coordinate are
both zero (0)
A

origin

145
Q

One of the possible results of a probability experiment

A

outcome

146
Q

A value that “lies outside” (is much smaller or larger than) most of
the other values in a set of data

A

outlier

147
Q

A special curve, shaped like an arch, the graph of a quadratic
equation

A

parabola

148
Q

Line that are a constant distance apart, never intersecting

A

parallel lines

149
Q

A quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel

A

parallelogram

150
Q

the sum of the squares of the lengths of the four sides of a
parallelogram equals the sum of the squares of the lengths of the
two diagonals

A

parallelogram rule

151
Q

The arrangement of the binomial coefficients in a pattern of triangle

A

Pascal’s Triangle

152
Q

The distance around the outside of a figure or shape

A

perimeter

153
Q

Lines that form a 90° angle where they cross

A

perpendicular lines

154
Q

A function that uses different formulas for different parts of its
domain

A

piecewise function

155
Q

Locating and marking a point when given its coordinates

A

plot

156
Q

The point at which two lines intersect, or cross

A

point of intersection

157
Q

The positive x ‐axis

A

polar axis

158
Q

An equation for a curve written in terms of the polar coordinates r
and θ

A

polar equation

159
Q

A closed figure that has three or more sides, no curved lines, and no
intersections

A

polygon

160
Q

An expression made with constants, variables and exponents, which
are combined using addition, subtraction and multiplication

A

polynomial

161
Q

A group of objects, events, or people studied in order to collect data

A

population

162
Q

Intervals written as (x,y) where x is positive

A

positive intervals

163
Q

How likely it is for an event to happen

A

probability

164
Q

The result of multiplying numbers together

A

product

165
Q

A solid shape with polygon as a base and triangular faces that taper
to a point (vertex)

A

pyramid

166
Q

In a right angled triangle the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the
sum of the squares of the other two sides

A

Pythagorean theorem

167
Q

An equation that includes only second degree polynomials

A

quadratic equation/function

168
Q

A formula for the roots of a quadratic equation

A

quadratic formula

169
Q

A polygon with four sides and four angles

A

quadrilateral

170
Q

The result of dividing one number by another

A

quotient

171
Q

A unit for measuring angles. 180° = π radians, and 360° = 2π radians

A

radian

172
Q

The symbol √ , which is used to represent the square root or nth root
of a number

A

radical

173
Q

The distance from the center of a circle or a sphere to any point on
the circle or a sphere

A

radius/radii

174
Q

a sample in which every individual or element in the population has
an equal chance of being selected

A

random sample

175
Q

The difference between the greatest (maximum) and least

(minimum) values in a set of data

A

range

176
Q

The ratio of the change in the output value and change in the input
value of a function

A

rate of change

177
Q

A comparison of two numbers, often written as a fraction

A

ratio

178
Q

An expression that can be written as a polynomial divided by a
polynomial

A

rational expression

179
Q

A function that can be written as a polynomial divided by a

polynomial

A

rational function

180
Q

Any number that can be written as a fraction

A

rational number

181
Q

The set of all rational and irrational numbers

A

real number

182
Q

A flip of a flat figure across a line that creates a mirror image

A

reflection

183
Q

a triangle with one angle measuring 90°

A

right triangle

184
Q

A transformation of a figure by turning it about a point or axis. The
amount of rotation is usually expressed in the number of degrees
(e.g., a 90° rotation). The direction of the rotation is usually
expressed as clockwise or counterclockwise. Also called a turn

A

rotation

185
Q

the set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment

A

sample space

186
Q

A survey of a population made by using only a portion of the

population

A

sample survey

187
Q

Any real number, or any quantity that can be measured using a single
real number

A

scalar

188
Q

The ratio of any two corresponding lengths in two similar geometric
figures

A

scale factor

189
Q

A graph of plotted points that show the relationship between two
sets of data

A

scatter plot

190
Q

When two triangles have corresponding angles and sides that are
congruent, the triangles are congruent

A

side‐angle‐side (SAS)

191
Q

When two triangles have corresponding sides that are congruent, the
triangles are congruent

A

side‐side‐side (SSS)

192
Q

The length of the opposite side divided by the length of the

hypotenuse

A

sine

193
Q 
The ratio of change in the vertical axis (y‐axis) to change in the
horizontal axis (x‐axis) in the form rise or Dy. Also, the constant, m, in
the linear equation for the slope‐intercept form
A

slope

194
Q

Any and all value(s) of the variable(s) that satisfies an equation,
inequality, system of equations, or system of inequalities

A

solution set

195
Q

To work out the answer

A

solve

196
Q

The total amount of space enclosed in a sphere

A

sphere volume

197
Q

A numerical summary of how tightly the values are clustered around
the “center”

A

spread

198
Q

The square root of a number is a nonnegative number which when
multiplied by itself equals the given number

A

square root

199
Q

The standard deviation is defined as the average amount by which
individual data items in a data set differ from the arithmetic mean of
all the data in the set

A

standard deviation

200
Q

A branch of applied mathematics concerned with collecting,

organizing, and interpreting data

A

statistics

201
Q

A step function is a special type of function whose graph is a series of
line segments

A

step function

202
Q

Describes a geometric figure or a graph consisting of two parts that
are congruent to each other

A

symmetric

203
Q

The length of the opposite side divided by the length of the adjacent
side

A

tangent

204
Q

The end point of a vector that is being represented by a line
segment

A

terminal point

205
Q

An assertion that can be proved true using the rules of logic

A

theorem

206
Q

the probability of an event when all outcomes are equally likely

A

theoretical probability

207
Q

a change in the size, shape, or position of a figure

A

transformation

208
Q

A transformation in which every point in a figure is moved in the
same direction and by the same distance. Also called a slide

A

translation

209
Q

A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides

A

trapezoid

210
Q

The six functions sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant, and
cotangent

A

trigonometric function

211
Q

A ratio that describes a relationship between sides and angles of
triangles

A

trigonometric ratios

212
Q

Any symbol, usually a letter, which could represent a number

A

variable

213
Q

A quantity, drawn as an arrow, with both direction and magnitude

A

vector

214
Q

The rate of change of the position of an object

A

velocity

215
Q

A corner point of a geometric figure. For a polygon, vertices are
where adjacent sides meet. For an angle, the vertex is where the two
rays making up the angle meet

A

vertex/vertices

216
Q

congruent angles that form opposite each other when two lines
intersect

A

vertical angle

217
Q

The amount of space taken up by an object, usually calculated by:
base x height x width

A

volume

218
Q

The position of a point according to the x‐axis

A

x‐coordinate

219
Q

A matrix for which all elements are equal to 0

A

zero matrix

Math (2 decks)

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