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Math 8 > Math 8 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Math 8 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

ratio

A

a comparison of any two quantities

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2
Q

absolute value

A

distance a number is from zero

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3
Q

percent

A

per hundred

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4
Q

natural numbers

A

the set of numbers {1, 2, 3, 4…}

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5
Q

whole numbers

A

the set of numbers {0, 1, 2, 3, 4…}

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6
Q

integers

A

the set of numbers {…-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3…}

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7
Q

rational numbers

A

the set of all numbers that can be written as the ratio of two integers with a non-zero denominator

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8
Q

irrational numbers

A

the set of all numbers that cannot be expressed as the ratio of integers

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9
Q

real numbers

A

the set of all rational and irrational numbers

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10
Q

order of operations

A

1) grouping symbols, 2) exponents, 3) multiply/divide from left to right, 4) add/subtract from left to right

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11
Q

proportion

A

two equivalent ratios

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12
Q

percent of change

A

(new - original) / original * 100

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13
Q

square root

A

the inverse of squaring a number

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14
Q

perimeter

A

the measure of the distance around a figure

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15
Q

area

A

the number of square units needed to cover a surface or figure

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16
Q

surface area

A

sum of areas of faces for a three-dimensional figure

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17
Q

complementary angles

A

a pair of angles whose sum is 90 degrees

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18
Q

supplementary angles

A

a pair of angles whose sum is 180 degrees

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19
Q

vertical angles

A

a pair of angles formed by two intersecting lines; they are congruent and only share a vertex

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20
Q

adjacent angles

A

share a common side and a common vertex

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21
Q

right triangle

A

formed by two legs and a hypotenuse

22
Q

hypotenuse

A

the longest side of a right triangle, always opposite the 90 degree angle

23
Q

ordered pair

A

(x, y)

24
Q

independent events

A

probability of multiple events in which each event does not affect the others

25
Q

dependent events

A

probability of multiple events in which one event affects the outcome of the next

26
Q

scatter plot

A

illustrates the relationship between two sets of data

27
Q

positive correlation

A

y-coordinates increase as x-coordinates increase

28
Q

negative correlation

A

y-coordinates decrease as x-coordinates increase

29
Q

no correlation

A

no relationship exists between the x- and ycoordinates

30
Q

additive identity property

A

x + 0 = x

31
Q

additive inverse property

A

x + (-x) = 0

32
Q

associative property

A

2(3x) = (2 ∙ 3)x

33
Q

commutative property

A

y ∙ 9 = 9y

34
Q

multiplicative identity property

A

x ∙ 1 = x

35
Q

multiplicative inverse property

A

x ∙ (1/x) = 1

36
Q

multiplicative property of zero

A

x ∙ 0 = 0

37
Q

distributive property

A

5 ∙ (y - 7) = (5 ∙ y) - (5 ∙ 7)

38
Q

equation

A

a mathematical sentence stating that two expressions are equal.

39
Q

expression

A

a mathematical phrase that can contain ordinary numbers, variables (like x or y) and operators (like add, subtract, multiply, and divide)

40
Q

variable

A

an alphabetic character representing a number

41
Q

coefficient

A

a number being multiplied by a variable

42
Q

constant

A

a number being added or subtracted from a term containing a variable

43
Q

domain

A

all of the x-values in a relation

44
Q

range (algebraic)

A

all of the y-values in a relation

45
Q

independent variable

A

variable representing the input values

46
Q

dependent variable

A

variable representing the output values

47
Q

mean

A

the numerical average of a data set

48
Q

median

A

the center of an ordered data set

49
Q

mode

A

the most frequently repeated value(s) of a data set

50
Q

range (statistical)

A

the difference between the highest and lowest values of data set

Math 8 (2 decks)

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