Math 8 Vocabulary

Question 1

ratio

Answer 1

a comparison of any two quantities

Question 2

absolute value

Answer 2

distance a number is from zero

Question 3

percent

Answer 3

per hundred

Question 4

natural numbers

Answer 4

the set of numbers {1, 2, 3, 4…}

Question 5

whole numbers

Answer 5

the set of numbers {0, 1, 2, 3, 4…}

Question 6

integers

Answer 6

the set of numbers {…-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3…}

Question 7

rational numbers

Answer 7

the set of all numbers that can be written as the ratio of two integers with a non-zero denominator

Question 8

irrational numbers

Answer 8

the set of all numbers that cannot be expressed as the ratio of integers

Question 9

real numbers

Answer 9

the set of all rational and irrational numbers

Question 10

order of operations

Answer 10

1) grouping symbols, 2) exponents, 3) multiply/divide from left to right, 4) add/subtract from left to right

Question 11

proportion

Answer 11

two equivalent ratios

Question 12

percent of change

Answer 12

(new - original) / original * 100

Question 13

square root

Answer 13

the inverse of squaring a number

Question 14

perimeter

Answer 14

the measure of the distance around a figure

Question 15

area

Answer 15

the number of square units needed to cover a surface or figure

Question 16

surface area

Answer 16

sum of areas of faces for a three-dimensional figure

Question 17

complementary angles

Answer 17

a pair of angles whose sum is 90 degrees

Question 18

supplementary angles

Answer 18

a pair of angles whose sum is 180 degrees

Question 19

vertical angles

Answer 19

a pair of angles formed by two intersecting lines; they are congruent and only share a vertex

Question 20

adjacent angles

Answer 20

share a common side and a common vertex

Question 21

right triangle

Answer 21

formed by two legs and a hypotenuse

Question 22

hypotenuse

Answer 22

the longest side of a right triangle, always opposite the 90 degree angle

Question 23

ordered pair

Answer 23

(x, y)

Question 24

independent events

Answer 24

probability of multiple events in which each event does not affect the others

Question 25

dependent events

Answer 25

probability of multiple events in which one event affects the outcome of the next

Question 26

scatter plot

Answer 26

illustrates the relationship between two sets of data

Question 27

positive correlation

Answer 27

y-coordinates increase as x-coordinates increase

Question 28

negative correlation

Answer 28

y-coordinates decrease as x-coordinates increase

Question 29

no correlation

Answer 29

no relationship exists between the x- and ycoordinates

Question 30

additive identity property

Answer 30

x + 0 = x

Question 31

additive inverse property

Answer 31

x + (-x) = 0

Question 32

associative property

Answer 32

2(3x) = (2 ∙ 3)x

Question 33

commutative property

Answer 33

y ∙ 9 = 9y

Question 34

multiplicative identity property

Answer 34

x ∙ 1 = x

Question 35

multiplicative inverse property

Answer 35

x ∙ (1/x) = 1

Question 36

multiplicative property of zero

Answer 36

x ∙ 0 = 0

Question 37

distributive property

Answer 37

5 ∙ (y - 7) = (5 ∙ y) - (5 ∙ 7)

Question 38

equation

Answer 38

a mathematical sentence stating that two expressions are equal.

Question 39

expression

Answer 39

a mathematical phrase that can contain ordinary numbers, variables (like x or y) and operators (like add, subtract, multiply, and divide)

Question 40

variable

Answer 40

an alphabetic character representing a number

Question 41

coefficient

Answer 41

a number being multiplied by a variable

Question 42

constant

Answer 42

a number being added or subtracted from a term containing a variable

Question 43

domain

Answer 43

all of the x-values in a relation

Question 44

range (algebraic)

Answer 44

all of the y-values in a relation

Question 45

independent variable

Answer 45

variable representing the input values

Question 46

dependent variable

Answer 46

variable representing the output values

Question 47

mean

Answer 47

the numerical average of a data set

Question 48

median

Answer 48

the center of an ordered data set

Question 49

mode

Answer 49

the most frequently repeated value(s) of a data set

Question 50

range (statistical)

Answer 50

the difference between the highest and lowest values of data set