math Flashcards
decimal point
separates whole number from its fractional part, non zero digits to the left indicate number greater than one non zero digits to the right indicate number less than one
fraction
has a numerator and denominator, numerator is above the fraction bar while denominator is below. numerator is divided by the denominator to get a decimal.
intergers
whole numbers and their opposites, -2,-1,0,1,2 whole numbers are positive while the opposites are negative.
squaring a negative
while the squaring is inside the parentheses it stays negative when its on the outside multiply/square as normal
factor
is any integer that divides a number exactly (with no decimals?)
prime number
any integers with exactly 2 factors: 1 and n
ratio
compares one number to another quantity by division,
proportion
when two ratios are equal
rate
a ratio that compares quantities with different units of measure (miles per hour)
percent
a ratio that compares a number to 100 by division
estimation
round to the numbers as close to given number as posible may be helpful to look at the answer choices before solving
perimeter
the distance around a 2d figure (L+L+W+W or 2L+2W)
area
number of square units inside a 2d figure L*W
radius of a circle (r)
line segment with an endpoint at the center of a circle and an endpoint at the circle
diameter of a circle (d)
line segment that passes through the center of a circle and has endpoints on the circle d=2r
circumference of a circle (c)
distance around the circle c=2(pi)r or c=(pi)d
area of a circle
a=(pi)radius squared
surface area
total area of the surface of a 3d figure
sa=side total(L*W)
angle
consisting of 2 segments or rays that have the same endpoint, they are measured in degrees. the sum of angles on a straight line are 180. the sum of internal triangle angles are also 180, a square/ rectangle has 4, 90 degree angles. the sum of angles around the center of a circle is 360.
variable
is a letter like x, which represents a number or quantity.
expressions
2+x and 3y
eqations
4b-10=2 and 2(a+6)=20
inequalities
c/3>6 and 2r < 20
bar graph
uses bars to make comparisons between parts of data
line graph
uses line segments to show changes in the data over time
circle graph
uses a divided circle to compare parts of the data to show a whole data set
dot plot
uses dots to display the number of each value in a data set
mean
sum of the values divided by the number of values
median
is the middle value, when the list is place in either increasing or decreasing order
mode
is the value that occurs the most
range
results from subtracting the least value from the greatest value
probibility
the measure of likelihood that an event will occur. the probability of an event is the number between 0 and 1. the closer the event is to 0 the less likely it will occur, the closer it is to 1 the more likely it will occur. the probability of an event, P, is calculated by the ratio.
number of specific outcomes
p= ——————————————
total number of outcomes
solve:
red:apple, grape, raspberry, strawberry
orange: cantaloupe, peach
yellow:banana, mango
green:apple, grape, kiwi, melon
a customer can buy one fruit from each color section. How many different possibilities are there?
64
red=4 options
orange=2 options
yellow=2 options
green= 4 options
4224=88=64
