Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OB Test 6 > Maternity Nursing Chap 3 > Flashcards

Maternity Nursing Chap 3 Flashcards

1
Q

________ refers to the absence or cessation of menstrual flow.

A

-amenorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

________ or painful menstruation is one of the most common gynecologic problems for women of all ages.

A

-dysmenorrhea

  • heat minimizes cramping, massage lower back, soft rhythmic rubbing of the abdomen (effleurage), mediation, yoga, relaxation, acupunture
  • treat with NSAIDs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

________ dysmenorrhea is a type of painful menstruation that occurs because of a physiologic alteration in some women.

A

primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Both ________ and __________ are necessary for primary dysmenorrhea to occur.

A

-estrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_________ is a type of painful menstruation that is acquired after age 25 and associated with pelvic pathology. Pain often begins a few days before menses.

A
  • secondary dysmenorrhea

- a few days before menses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

________ is the appearance of physical and psychologic symptoms that begin in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. A diagnosis is only made if the following criteria are met: symptoms occur in the luteal phase and resolve within a few days of the onset of menstruation, symptom free period occurs in the follicular phase, symptoms are recurrent, symptoms have a negative effect on woman’s life, and other diagnoses have been excluded.

A

-premenstrual syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

__________ is a menstrual disorder characterized by the presence of growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. This tissue responds to hormonal stimulation by growing during the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle and bleeds during or immediately after menstruation, resulting in an inflammatory response with subsequent fibrosis and adhesions to adjacent organs.

A

-endometriosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The major symptoms of endometriosis are __________, __________, and __________. Many women also experience bowel symptoms such as diarrhea, pain with defecation, and constipation.

A
  • dysmenorrhea
  • hyspareunia
  • infertility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

___________ is the term used to describe infrequent menstrual periods. One of the most common causes of scanty menstrual flow is the use of oral contraceptive pills.

A
  • oligomenorrhea

- oral contraceptive pills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_________ refers to bleeding between menstrual periods.

A

-metrorrhagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

_________ is excessive or profuse menstrual bleeding.

A

-menorrhagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_________ is excessive bleeding with no demonstrable, organic cause. It is most commonly caused by anovulation when there is no surge of luteinizing hormone or if insufficient progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum to support the endometrium so it begins to involute and shed. This most often occurs when the menstrual cycle is just becoming established at menarche or when it draws to a close at menopause.

A

-dysfunctional uterine bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: A pregnancy test is recommended as an initial step when a woman experiences amenorrhea.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or False: The pain associated with primary dysmenorrhea usually occurs at the onset of menstruation.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or False: The exact cause of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is unknown.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False: When a woman is experiencing primary dysmenorrhea, she should avoid exercise.

A

False: helps relieve the pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False: Oral contraceptives are the first line medications for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

A

False: prostraglandin synthesis inhibitors, primarily nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False: Endometriosis is a menstrual disorder primarily affecting Caucasian women during their late teens to early twenties.

A

False: usually develops in the third or fourth decade of life, occurs in approximately 10% of adolescents with disabling pelvic pain or abnormal vaginal bleeding, found equally in Caucasian and African American women. Higher in Asian women.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

True or False: Synarel (nafarelin) is a gonadotropic releasing hormone agonist administered at a dose of 200 mcg twice daily by nasal spray to treat endometriosis.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

True or False: The only definitive cure for endometriosis is a total abdominal hysterectomy with a bilateral salpingooophorectomy.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

True or False: Aspirin can be used to reduce the size of myomas (fibroids) before a myomectomy.

A

False: aspirin will increase bleeding, reduction is often accomplished with the use of a GnRH agonist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are among the most common health problems in the US today.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

True or False: The majority of women contracting chlamydia are over 30 years of age.

A

False: sexually active women younger than 20 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

True or False: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common STI contracted by American women today.

A

False: Chlamydia is

-to treat chlamydia: doxycycline or azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

True or False: The VDRL and rapid plasma reagin tests are used as screening tests for syphilis.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

True or False: New human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections occur more often in African American women than in other groups of women in the US.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

True or False: Once HIV enters the body, seroconversion to HIV positivity usually occurs within 2 to 4 weeks.

A

False: within 6 to 12 weeks

-first test to see if they have HIV is an antibody test

28
Q

True or False: Presence of HIV antibody in infants younger than 18 months of age is not diagnostic of HIV infection.

A

True

29
Q

True or False: Standard precautions are to be used once patients have been diagnosed with a blood borne infection.

A

False:

30
Q

True or False: Fibroadenoma is a rare benign condition of the breast most commonly seen in middle age women.

A

False: 2nd most common to fibrocystic changes

31
Q

True or False: One in ten American women develop breast cancer in their lifetime.

A

False: one in 8

32
Q

True or False: The most important predictor for breast cancer is age.

A

True

33
Q

True or False: It is estimated that most breast lumps detected by women are malignant.

A

False: only 20% to 25%

34
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infectious process that most commonly involves the _________, _________, and more rarely, the _________ and peritoneal surfaces.

A
  • uterine tubes
  • uterus
  • ovaries
35
Q

___________ is estimated to cause one half of all cases of PID. Most PID results from the ascending spread of microorganisms from the vagina and endocervix to the upper genital tract. This spread most frequently happens at the end of or just after menses, following reception of an infectious agent. PID may also develop after an abortion, pelvic surgery, or childbirth.

A

-Chlamydia trachomatis

36
Q

Women who have had PID are at increased risk for ________, __________, and __________. Other problems associated with PID include dyspareunia, pyosalpinx, tuboovarian abscess, and pelvic adhesions.

A
  • ectopic pregnancy
  • infertility
  • chronic pelvic pain
37
Q

Signs and symptoms of PID include ________ and one or more of the following: fever, chills, nausea and vomiting, increased vaginal discharge, symptoms of UTI, and irregular bleeding.

A

-pain

38
Q

The most important nursing intervention related to PID is __________ by education to avoid STIs and preventing lower genital tract infections from ascending to the upper genital tract.

A

-prevention

39
Q

Risk factors for hepatitis B:

A
  • ethnic background
  • place of employment and type of job
  • types of contacts with other persons such as family and friends
  • multiple sex partners
  • intravenous drug use
40
Q

What are the probably risk factors for breast cancer?

A
  • age, increases with age
  • previous history of breast cancer
  • family history of breast cancer
  • inherited genetic mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes
  • previous history of ovarian, endometrial, colon, or thyroid cancer
  • high breast tissue density
  • early menarch before age 12
  • late menopause after age 55
  • previous history of benign breast disease with epithelial hyperplasia
  • race (Caucasian higher)
  • Nulliparity or first pregnancy after age 30
  • not breastfeeding
  • postmenopausal use of combined estrogen progestin replacement therapy
  • obesity after menopause
  • alcohol consumption of more than one drink per day
  • sedentary lifestyle
  • vitamin D low levels
41
Q

Women experiencing primary dysmenorrhea should be advised to avoid which of the following foods?

a. red meats
b. asparagus
c. cranberry juice
d. whole grain cereals

A

a. red meats

42
Q

the nurse counseling a 30 year old woman regarding effective measures to use to relieve symptoms associated with PMS might suggest that she:

a. decrease her intake of fruits, especially peaches and watermelon
b. reduce exercise during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle when symptoms are at their peak
c. take a vitamin supplement containing vitamin B6 twice a day
d. avoid tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine

A

d. avoid tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine

43
Q

A 28 year old woman has been diagnosed with endometriosis. She has been placed on a course of treatment with danazol (Danocrine). The woman exhibits understanding of this treatment when she says:

a. because this medication stops ovulation, I do not need to use birth control
b. I will need to take this medication until I reach menopause
c. I can experience decreased breast size, oily skin, and facial hair growth as a result of taking this medication
d. I will need to spray this medication into my nose twice a day

A

c. I can experience decreased breast size, oily skin, and facial hair growth as a result of taking this medication

44
Q

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is most likely to occur when women:

a. experience ovulatory cycles
b. weigh less than their expected body weight
c. are experiencing signs of the onset of perimenopause
d. secrete high levels of prostaglandin

A

c. are experiencing signs of the onset of perimenopause

45
Q

Infections of the female midreproductive tract such as chlamydia are dangerous primarily because these infections:

a. are asymptomatic
b. cause infertility
c. lead to PID
d. are difficult to treat effectively

A

a. are asymptomatic

46
Q

A finding associated with HPV infection includes with of the following?

a. white curdlike adherent discharge
b. soft papillary swelling occuring singly or in clusters
c. vesicles progressing to pustules and then to ulcers
d. yellow to green frothy malodorous discharge

A

b. soft papillary swelling occuring singly or in clusters

  • topical ointment to treat
  • untreated warts may resolve on their own
  • cauliflower like mass
47
Q

A recommended medication effective in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (yeast infection) is which of the following?

a. metronidazole
b. clotrimazole
c. penicillin
d. acyclovir

A

b. clotrimazole

48
Q

When providing a woman recovering from primary herpes with information regarding the recurrence of herpes infection of the genital tract, the nurse tells her:

a. fever and flulike symptoms precede a recurrent infection
b. little can be done to controle the recurrence of infection
c. transmission of the virus is only possible when lesions are open and draining
d. itching and tingling often occur before the appearance of vesicles

A

d. itching and tingling often occur before the appearance of vesicles

49
Q

When assessing a woman with diagnosis of fibroadenoma, a characteristic the nurse would expect to find is:

a. bilateral tender lumps behind the nipple
b. milky discharge from one or both nipples
c. soft and nonmovable lumps
d. small, well delineated lump in the upper outer quadrant of one breast

A

d. small, well delineated lump in the upper outer quadrant of one breast

50
Q

cyclic bleeding:

A

-changes in amount, duration, interval, or regularity of menstrual cycle bleeding

51
Q

Treatment of gonorrhea:

A

-ceftriaxone or cefixime

52
Q

treatment of syphilis:

A

-penicillin

53
Q

Treatment of herpes:

A

-acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir

54
Q

Hepatitis A:

A
  • infection is acquired primarily through a fecal oral route by ingestion of contaminated food, particularly milk, shellfish, or polluted water, or via person to person contact
  • influenza like symptoms
55
Q

Hepatitis B:

A
  • common STI
  • much more contagious than HIV
  • found in blood sweat, tears, vaginal secretions, and semen
56
Q

Hepatitis C:

A
  • virus infection
  • risk factors: STIs, multiple sex partners, history of blood transmissions, history of IV drug use
  • asymptomatic or general influenza like symptoms
57
Q

Prevention of genital tract infections:

A
  • practice genital hygiene
  • choose underwear or hosiery with a cotton crotch
  • avoid tight fitting cloths
  • select cloth car seat covers instead of vinyl
  • limit time spent in damp exercise clothes
  • limit exposure to bath salts or bubble bath
  • avoid colored or scented toilet tissue
  • use condoms
  • void before and after intercourse
  • decrease dietary sugar
  • drink yeast active milk and eat yogurt
  • do not douche
  • if sensitive, discontinue use of feminine hygiene deodorant sprays
58
Q

Fibrocystic changes:

develop a week before menstruation begins and subsides a week after menstruation ends

A
  • have to do with menstrual cycle
  • multiple lumps
  • nodular
  • palpable
  • movable
  • round, smooth
  • firm or soft
  • tenderness influenced by menstrual cycle
  • bilateral
  • may or may not have nipple discharge
59
Q

fibroadenoma changes:

increases in size in pregnancy and decreases in size as the woman ages

A
  • single lump
  • well delineated
  • palpable
  • movable
  • round, lobular
  • firm
  • usually asymptomatic
  • unilateral
  • no nipple discharge
60
Q

Intraaductal papilloma changes:

rare, benign, develops within the terminal nipple duct, occurs in women between 30 and 50

A
  • single or multiple
  • not well delineated
  • nonpalpable
  • nonmobile
  • small, ball like
  • firm or soft
  • usually nontender
  • unilateral
  • serous or bloody nipple discharge
61
Q

mammary duct ectasia:

A
  • mass behind nipple
  • not well delineated
  • palpable
  • nonmobile
  • irregular
  • firm
  • painful, burning, itching
  • unilateral
  • thick, sticky nipple discharge
62
Q

What do they use to diagnosis breast cancer after lump is found on mammogram?

A

-needle aspiration, a core needle biopsy, or surgical excision

63
Q

What is a lumpectomy?

A
  • removal of the breast tumor and a small amount of surrounding tissue
  • sampling of axillary lymph nodes usually occurs through a separate incision
  • surgery is usually followed by radiation therapy
64
Q

What is a simple mastectomy?

A

-removal of the breast containing the tumor

65
Q

What is a modified radical mastectomy?

A

-removal of the breast tissue, skin, and fascia of the pectoralis muscle and dissection of the axillary nodes

66
Q

What is a radical mastectomy?

A

-removal of the breast and underlying pectoralis muscles and complete axillary node dissection

OB Test 6 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions