Maternity Flashcards
___ is the spontaneous miscarriages or intention to terminate a pregnancy before age of viability. 20 weeks
Abortion
____ ______ is excessive nausea and vomiting that can significantly interfere with her food intake and fluid balance. Fetal growth can be restricted.
Dehydration impairs perfusion of the placenta and that reduces the delivery of blood oxygen and nutrients to the fetus
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Signs and sx of ____ ____
Persistent N/V often with complete inability to retain food and fluids.
Significant weight loss (more than 5% of prepregancy weight)
Dehydration as evidenced by a dry tongue and mucous membranes, decreased turgor of skin and scant/ concentrated urine. And a high hct level.
Electrolyte and acid base imbalances
Ketonuria
Unusual stress? Emotional immaturity passivity or ambivalence about pregnancy
Hyperemesis gravidarum
What is the treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum
Correct dehydration and electrolytes or acid base imbalances with oral or IV fluids. Antiemetic drugs such as diclegis or oral ondanesteron
What is some nursing care when working with a patient who had hyperemesis gravidarum
Avoid good odors
Accurate intake and output with daily weight
Taking liquids between solid meals helps reduce gastric distention
Emesis basin out of sight
Provide support by listening to the woman’s feelings about pregnancy, child rearing and living with constant nausea
Spontaneous abortion, etopic pregnancy and hydatidiform mole
Causes maternal blood loss causing decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood, resulting in fetal hypoxia and places the fetus at risk.
Know
___ or suturing an incompetent cervix
Cerclage
Who is RhoGam administered to
RH negative women after any abortion, birth, amniocentesis done to prevent development of antibodies that might harm the next pregnancy
_____ ____ occurs when the chorionic villi increase abnormally and develop vesicles (small sacs) that resemble tiny grapes: mole may be complete with no fetus present or partial in which only part of the placenta has the characteristic vesicles
May result in hemorrhage, clotting issues, orcancer (choriocarcinoma)
Hydatidiform mole
____ ___ occurs when the placenta develops in the lower part of the uterus rather than the upper part differing in degrees depending on the placentas location on or near the cervix.
Evaluated by US
Placenta previa
Signs and symptoms of ____ ___
Painless bright red vaginal bleeding Bc normal pre labor changes will disrupt the placenta attachment.
Fetus may be in abnormal presentation
Fetus may have anemia, hypovalemic shock, or hypoxia.
Mother is more likely to have post partum hemorrhage or infection
Placenta previa
What is the treatment for placenta previa?
Depends on length of gestation and amt of bleeding. Delivery will be done if bleeding is sufficient to jeopardize mother or baby
What is the nursing care for placenta previa?
Assess blood loss and watch for signs of shock.
Vaginal exam ONLY by physician will double set o for deliver. Monitor FHR and contractions
Which is worse placenta previa or abrupto placentae
Abrupto placentae
____ ____ is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterus.
Predisposing factors: hypertension, drug and alcohol use, smoking, trauma, poor nutrition.
Could be total, partial, marginal or central separation.
Bleeding may or may not be visible.
Terrible pain.
Abdomen can be very hard due to blood in fibers
Abrupto Placentae
What symptom distinguishes abruption from previa?
Pain
What is these symptoms indicate
Dark red vaginal bleeding and back or abdominal pain.
Uterus is typically hard and tender.
Abrupto placentae
What does DIC stand for
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
What’s the treatment for abrupto placentae?
Immediate C section
What is nursing care for abrupto placentae
Prep for c section. Check vital signs, FHR, bleeding signs, shock and hemorrhage or infection
____ is an increase in blood pressure that occurs after 20 weeks with proteinuria with a woman who had a normal BP prior to pregnancy
Preeclampsia
____ is hypertension in pregnancy but convulsions occur
Eclampsia
The cause of gestational hypertension is unknown but the cure to this is BIRTH
And Vasospasm of the arteries is the main characteristic
Know
A women with gestational hypertension
It’s important to note her baseline readings but any increase over 30 mm Hg or more systolic and 15 mm Hg diastolic puts her at risk
Know
