Maternity Flashcards
Why are babies unable to thermoregulate?
Some of the reasons why babies are prone to poor thermoregulation at birth include:
Transition from a constant Intrauterine temperature to a variable external temperature;
A relatively high metabolic rate;
Large surface to body mass ratio;
A large head relative to the body accounting for up to 25% heat loss;
Lack of subcutaneous fat resulting in poor insulation;
Permeable skin, especially with prematurity;
Immature hypothalamus, central nervous system and vasomotor control;
Inability to conserve heat through shivering;
Reduced energy stores;
Poor muscle tone and inability to change body position; and
Inefficient sweat glands.
What is within the service maternity bag/pack?
.
Why do me place slight pressure/support on babies head as its being born?
.
What is the Moro Reflex?
.
Why is it handy to leave a generous amount of umbilical cord when clamping?
.
Why does emptying the females bladder help the birth of the placenta?
.
What is cord prolapse?
.
Why is it important to place mother on all fours position in cord prolapse?
.
What is a transverse lie?
.
What is hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy or birth asphyxia?
.
What are the 2 consequences of cord prolapse?
.
What position does mother need to be in when transporting a cord prolapse birth to hospital?
.
Where is the most appropriate hospital / department to take a patient with cord prolapse?
.
What is a Postpartum hemorrhage?
.
What are the three types of PPH?
.
What are the causes of haemorrhage, postpartum? (4T’s)
.
What is uterine massage and it’s benefits?
.
What is a perineal tear?
.
What is the most appropriate cannula size for IV access in postpartum haemorrhage?
.
What position is best for encouraging the birth of the placenta and why?
.
What are the signs of impending placenta birth?
.
How long after baby is born does the placenta birth?
.
How much ml does a standard teatowl and bath towl normally hold / obtain?
.
How much ml does ambulance service inco pad hold?
.
What is Shoulder dystocia?
.
Where does the shoulder get stuck at in shoulder dystocia?
.
In management for shoulder dystocia, what do we do pre-hospitally?
.
What is the McRoberts maneuver?
.
Why do we apply gentle downward traction whilst mother in McRoberts maneuver position?
.
What is suprapubic pressure?
.
How long do we push down consistently for when applying suprapubic pressure?
.
What is removal of the posterior arm?
.
What is benefical with placing a dressing gown on mother when walking out to ambulance if not given birth yet? (Baby catcher)
.
What is a breech birth?
.
What are the three types of breech birth?
.
Why do we have a hands off approach in breech births?
.
What does a pale/white baby highlight in childbirth?
.
What are nuchal arms and why is this concerning?
.
What is the important position baby needs to be in for breech birth? (B to T)
.
Where do your fingers need to be when assisting delivery of breech birth child?
.
What is Pre-eclampsia & Eclampsia?
.
What are the three main symptoms/signs of pre-eclampsia?
.
What is a Placental abruption?
.
What is a Intrauterine fetal death?
.
What is Disseminated intravascular coagulation?
.
What is the single, most effective medication we can administer to stop eclampsia? (only CCP’s carry this)
.
Why is it so important to dry baby with a seperate towel and replace with a clean fresh towel when wrapping?
.
Initial spontaneous respirations will occur between what time frame normally?
.
After drying and stimulatation, what is the next important management phase to perform to encourage respirations in newborns?
.
What is the correct neutral position for newborn head in newborn resuscitation?
.
How many initial postiive pressure ventilations / inflation breaths do we give in resuscitation and the duration of ventilation time in seconds when squeeing BVM?
.
What clinical observation are we monitoring to see change and a positive effect of correct ventilations?
.
What is Meconium?
.
What things could cause a airway obstruction in newborns and therefore causes inadequte chest rise?
.
Before starting chest compressions in the algorithm, what do we do first? (x30 of what?)
.
What is the ratio of compressions and ventilations in newborn resuscitation?
.
What can we do with the ambulance in preperation for conveyance of newborn emergency?
.
What is the Two-thumb-encircling technique?
.
What does the HR need to be to cease compressions and continue with JUST ventilations?
.
What do we do prehospitally for a cord prolapse?
.
What is BPAS?
.
How many weeks is the cut off for not performing neonatal resuscitation?
.
What weeks gestation do we begin full NLS?
.
What is Antepartum haemorrhage?
.
What is Gravida & Parity?
.
Do we use O2 in neontal / NLS with BVM?
.
How many stages of labour are there?
.
