Maternal Physiology

Question 1

Non pregnant vs pregnant uterus weight and volume

Answer 1

Nonpregnant:70g, 10 mL
Pregnant: 1.1 kg, 5-20L

Question 2

Uterine hypertrophic early pregnancy via

Answer 2

Estrogen, perhaps progesterone (reaseon why exist has similar changes in uterus)

Question 3

Cause of uterine growth after 12 weeks?

Answer 3

Pressure exerted by expanding products of conception ; extent influenced by placenta position

Question 4

Globular uterus by

Answer 4

12 weeks, then extends out of pelvis

Question 5

Braxton hock intensity

Answer 5

5- 25 mmHg ; can come every 10-20 minutes in late pregnancy

Question 6

Blood flow uterine arteries

Answer 6

Mid trimester 450 mL/min ; later 500-650 mL/min

Question 7

Reason cervix gets blue tone

Answer 7

Increased vascularity and stems from collagen network alteration and cerci a gland hypertrophy + hyperplasia

Question 8

Mucus plug content

Answer 8

Immunoglobulins, cytokines

Question 9

Corpus luteum function max

Answer 9

6-7 weeks of pregnancy

Question 10

What is extrauterine decidual reaction

Answer 10

On and just beneath ovarian surface, red patches that easily bleed- Jan also be seen on other organs ; via subcoelomic mesenchyme or endometriosis lesions via progesterone

Question 11

What produces relaxin

Answer 11

Corpus luteum, decidua,placenta

Question 12

Relaxin function

Answer 12

• remodelling reproductive tract tissue to accommodate labor
• augmented renal hemodynamics
  -lower serum osmolalaity
• increase arterial compliance

** not more joint laxity or pelvic pain

Question 13

Theca-lutein cyst

Answer 13

• exaggerated physiological follicle stimulation via elevated hCG
  - frequently in molas

Question 14

Theca lutein cysts are associated with

Answer 14

 Preeclampsia and hyperthyroidism

Question 15

Chadwick sign

Answer 15

Violet colour vagina and cervix

Question 16

Cause of pH from 3.5 to 6.

Answer 16

Lactobacillus acidophilus during metabolism of glycogen energy stores in the vagina epithelium; increase your risk of candiasis

Question 17

Percent with urinary incontinence

Answer 17

20% in first trimester and 40% during third trimester

Question 18

Maternal basal metabolite rate rise in third trimester

Answer 18

20%

Question 19

Weight gain in pregnancy via

Answer 19

Uterus and its contents, breasts, expanded blood and extravascular extra cellular fluid volumes

Question 20

Average weight gain during pregnancy

Answer 20

12.5 kg.

Question 21

Why is maternal serum osmolality osmolality significantly lower than umbilical
arterial osmolality?

Answer 21

To favor, water, transport to the foetus

Question 22

Minimum amount of extra water, that the average woman, a cruise during normal pregnancy

Answer 22

6.5 L.