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MUSC 110 > Materials of Music > Flashcards

Materials of Music Flashcards

1
Q

Melody

A

a line, or the tune, in music

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2
Q

Contour

A

how the melody moves up and down

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3
Q

Range

A

the span from the highest pitch to the lowest pitch

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4
Q

Interval

A

the distance between any two pitches

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5
Q

Conjunct

A

a melody that moves in small, connected intervals

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6
Q

Disjunct

A

a melody that moves by leaps

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7
Q

Phrases

A

the units that make up a melody

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8
Q

Cadences

A

the resting place at the end of a phrase

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9
Q

Countermelody

A

the secondary melody that accompanies the melody

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10
Q

Rhythm

A

what moves music forward in time

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11
Q

Meter

A

marked off in measures, organizes the beats in music

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12
Q

What kind of beat do measures often begin with?

A

measures often begin with a strong downbeat

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13
Q

Simple Meters

A

duple, triple, & quadruple are the most common; each beat is divided into two

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14
Q

Compound Meters

A

divide each beat into three rather than two

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15
Q

Syncopation

A

a deliberate upsetting of the normal pattern of accents

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16
Q

Offbeat

A

the beat in-between two stronger beats

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17
Q

Polyrhythm

A

many rhythms

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18
Q

Harmony

A

the vertical aspects of music: how notes (pitches) sound together

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19
Q

Chord

A

the simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches

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20
Q

Tonic

A

the central pitch around which a melody and its harmonies are built

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21
Q

Tonality

A

the principle of organization around a central note, the tonic

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22
Q

Dissonance

A

a combination of notes that sounds unstable, sometimes harsh, and in need of resolution. introduces conflict and suspense

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23
Q

Consonance

A

an agreeable-sounding combination of notes that provides a sense of relaxation and fulfillment

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24
Q

Octave

A

the interval spanning eight notes of the scale

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25
Q

Chromatic Scale

A

made up of all twelve half steps

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26
Q

Diatonic Scale

A

consists of seven whole and half steps whose patterns form major and minor scales

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27
Q

Pentatonic

A

a five-note scale

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28
Q

Texture

A

the interweaving of the melodic lines with harmony

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29
Q

Monophony

A

a single voice or line without accompaniment

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30
Q

Polyphony

A

a many-voiced texture with different melodic lines

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31
Q

Homophony

A

one melodic voice is prominent over the accompanying lines or voices

32
Q

Imitation

A

when a melodic idea is presented in one voice, then restated in another

33
Q

Form

A

the organizing principle in music, its basic elements are repetition, contrast, and variation

34
Q

Strophic Form

A

repeated music for each stanza of text

35
Q

Through-Composed Form

A

no large repeated sections

36
Q

Binary Form

A

A - B

37
Q

Ternary Form

A

A - B - A

38
Q

Theme

A

a melodic idea in a large-scale work

39
Q

Sequence

A

results when a motive is repeated at a different pitch

40
Q

Motives

A

small, component fragments broken from a theme

41
Q

Ostinato

A

the repetition of a short melodic, rhythmic, or harmonic pattern

42
Q

Movement

A

a divided section from large-scale compositions, such as symphonies and sonatas

43
Q

Variation

A

some aspects of the music are altered but the original is still recognizable

44
Q

Tempo

A

the rate of speed, or pace, of the music

45
Q

Dynamics

A

the volume, or how loud or soft the music is played

46
Q

grave

A

solemn (very, very slow)

47
Q

largo

A

broad (very slow)

48
Q

adagio

A

quite slow

49
Q

andante

A

a walking pace

50
Q

moderato

A

moderate

51
Q

allegro

A

fast (cheerful)

52
Q

vivace

A

lively

53
Q

presto

A

very fast

54
Q

pianissimo (pp)

A

very soft

55
Q

piano (p)

A

soft

56
Q

mezzo piano (mp)

A

moderately soft

57
Q

mezzo forte (mf)

A

moderately loud

58
Q

forte (f)

A

loud

59
Q

fortissimo (ff)

A

very loud

60
Q

crescendo

A

growing louder

61
Q

decrescendo / diminuendo

A

growing softer

62
Q

Secular

A

nonreligious; music is generally sung in the language of the people (the vernacular)

63
Q

Sacred

A

religious, music is in Latin

64
Q

Syllabic

A

each syllable of a song text may get one note

65
Q

Neumatic

A

one syllable may get a few notes

66
Q

Melisma

A

one syllable may get many notes

67
Q

Nonlexical

A

singing without words

68
Q

What are properties of sound?

A
  1. pitch
  2. duration
  3. volume
  4. timbre/tone color
69
Q

What are the different classifications of instruments?

A
  1. aerophones
  2. chordophones
  3. idiophones
  4. membranophones
70
Q

What are the vocal ranges, from highest to lowest

A
  1. soprano
  2. mezzo-soprano
  3. alto
  4. tenor
  5. baritone
  6. bass
71
Q

Vibrato

A

a throbbing effect

72
Q

What are the four families of Western instruments?

A
  1. strings
  2. woodwinds
  3. brass
  4. percussion
73
Q

a cappella

A

singing without accompaniment

74
Q

Chamber Music

A

ensemble music for small groups, with one player per part

75
Q

Style

A

the characteristic way an artwork is presented

MUSC 110 (1 decks)

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