MATERIALS AND THEIR WORKING PROPERTIES Flashcards
Define strength
The ability of a material to withstand a constant force without breaking
Define tensile strength
The ability of a material to resist stretching or pulling
What is meant by ‘Mechanical’ or ‘Working’ properties?
How a material behaves when being worked or shaped
Define compressive strength
The ability of a material to resist being crushed
Define shear strength
The ability of a material to resist strong sliding forces acting in opposite directions to each other
Define torsional strength
The ability of a material to withstand twisting forces under tension or torque
Define bending strength
The ability to withstand forces that attempt to bend a piece of material
Define hardness
The ability of a material to withstand scratching, cutting and abrasion (wear)
Define toughness
The ability of a material to withstand impact from a dynamic force.
Define malleability
The ability of a material to be permanently deformed or shaped by impact, rolling or pressing without breaking.
Define ductility
The ability of a material to undergo tensile strength to be drawn into a thin wire without breaking.
What do the properties of malleability and ductility depend on?
Temperature and pressure.
Define elasticity
The ability of a material to stretch under force and return to its original shape without deformation when the force is removed.
What is meant by ‘physical’ properties?
The way a material behaves under a specific condition.
Define absorbency
The ability of a material to soak up and retain liquid, heat or light.
Define resistance to moisture
The ability of a material to prevent liquid and its moisture from permeating its surface.
Define density and provide its formula
A materials mass per unit volume, D = M/V
Define fusibility
How easily a materials state can be altered to become a liquid
Define electrical conductivity
How easily electrical energy can pass through a material
Define thermal conductivity
How easily heat energy can pass through a material
