Materials And Their Applications Flashcards
What is compressive strength?
The ability to withstand being crushed or shortened by pushing forces.
What is tensile strength?
The ability to resist stretching or pulling forces.
What is bending strength?
The ability to resist forces that may bend the material.
What is shear strength?
The ability to resist sliding forces on a parallel plane.
What is torsional strength?
The ability to withstand twisting forces from applied torque or torsion.
What is hardness?
The ability to resist abrasive wear such as scratching, surface indentation or cutting.
What is toughness?
The ability to absorb impact force without fracture.
What is plasticity?
The ability to be permanently deformed and retain the deformed shape.
What is ductility?
The ability to be drawn out under tension, deducting the cross-sectional area without cracking, for example stretching a material into a wire.
What is malleability?
The ability to withstand deformation by compression without cracking; malleability increases with a rise in temperature.
What is elasticity?
The ability to be deformed and then return to the original shape when the force is removed.
Define physical properties.
Properties associated with the actual make-up or structure of the material.
Define mechanical properties.
Properties associated with how a product reacts to an external force.
Name and define three types of mechanical strength properties.
Compressive strength is the ability to withstand being crushed or shortened by pushing forces (compression). Tensile strength is the ability
to resist stretching or pulling forces (tension). Torsional strength is the ability to withstand twisting forces from applied torque or torsion.
Give three material properties and state why each is required for a single use drinks bottle made from a polymer.
Toughness: this is required so the bottle doesn’t break if it is accidently dropped, e.g. when running. Transparent: this allows the user to see how much water is left in the bottle. Corrosion/ degradation resistance: the polymer will not decay in the presence of the water it is holding.
