Materials

Question 1

Manufactured materials?

Answer 1

Plastic
Metal
Paper
Brick
Card

Question 2

When choosing a material for a project, what must you ask yourself?

Answer 2

How strong should it be?
Rigid or flexible?
Light or heavy?
Does it need to be weatherproof?
Is colour important?
What kind of finish will it have?

Question 3

When you choose a material, what questions do you need to ask?

Answer 3

Is the material available?
What will it cost?
How will you shape and join it?

Question 4

How long does it take a tree to mature (minimum)

Answer 4

30 years

Question 5

What type of trees give hard wood?

Answer 5

Broad-leafed, deciduous trees

Question 6

What does deciduous mean?

Answer 6

Trees that loose their leaves in autumn.

Question 7

What type of trees do softwoods come from?

Answer 7

Conifers (evergreen trees)

Question 8

What does evergreen mean?

Answer 8

A tree that keeps its leaves all year round.

Question 9

Names the parts of a tree (outside to inside)

Answer 9

Bark
Growth area
Sapwood
Annual rings
Heartwood

Question 10

What provides trees with the food they need?

Answer 10

The energy in sunlight
Water minerals
Carbon dioxide

Question 11

How can you tell a trees age?

Answer 11

The number of annual rings it has.

Question 12

What is new growth called?

Answer 12

Sapwood

Question 13

Over a period of years, what happens to a tree?

Answer 13

New layers grow on the outside and the centre hardens to form heartwood.

Question 14

Where is heartwood found?

Answer 14

At the centre of a tree.

Question 15

What is heartwood surrounded by?

Answer 15

New layers of sapwood and the bark.

Question 16

What is the best part of the wood (for manufacturing)

Answer 16

Heartwood

Question 17

Why is heartwood the best part for manufacturing?

Answer 17

Because of its hardness and strength.

Question 18

How do trees grow?

Answer 18

By producing cells which are long and thin.

Question 19

What do we call the pattern of the cells?

Answer 19

The grain

Question 20

How is wood prepared for used

Answer 20

The water content is reduced to about 10% in a process called seasoning.

Question 21

What is seasoning?

Answer 21

When the water content (in wood) is reduced to about 10% by leaving it for a few days in a special kiln or over several years by leaving the wood stacked neatly in open air.

Question 22

What type of wood is easier to cut?

Answer 22

Softwood

Question 23

What type of wood is harder wearing?

Answer 23

Hardwood

Question 24

What type of wood grows faster?

Answer 24

Softwood

Question 25

Which type of wood is usually lighter in colour?

Answer 25

Softwoods

Question 26

What are the two names softwood can be called?

Answer 26

Pine or deal

Question 27

Give two examples of softwood

Answer 27

Redwood or parana pine

Question 28

What colour is redwood?

Answer 28

Honey coloured

Question 29

What colour is parana pine?

Answer 29

Pale yellow with reddish brown streaks

Question 30

What are internal doorframes made of?

Answer 30

Softwood

Question 31

Give two examples of hardwoods

Answer 31

Mahogany and beech

Question 32

What colour is mahogany?

Answer 32

Reddish brown

Question 33

What colour is beech wood?

Answer 33

Pinkish brown with small gold flecks

Question 34

How are manufactured boards made?

Answer 34

By cutting up solid timber and sticking it back together in different ways.

Question 35

What are the two types of metal?

Answer 35

Ferrous and non-ferrous

Question 36

Where is iron removed from iron ore?

Answer 36

In a blast furnace

Question 37

What is the difference between ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal?

Answer 37

Ferrous metal contains iron and non-ferrous doesn’t

Question 38

What does plastic mean?

Answer 38

Easily shaped

Question 39

Natural materials?

Answer 39

Wood
Clay
Leather
Stone

Question 40

What do you mark glass with?

Answer 40

China graph

Question 41

What do you mark metal with?

Answer 41

Scribe