Materials Flashcards

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1
Q

Tera (T)

A

10¹²

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2
Q

Giga (G)

A

10⁹

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3
Q

Mega (M)

A

10⁶

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4
Q

Kilo (k)

A

10³

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5
Q

Centi (c)

A

10⁻²

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6
Q

Milli (m)

A

10⁻³

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7
Q

Micro (µ)

A

10⁻⁶

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8
Q

Nano (n)

A

10⁻⁹

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9
Q

Pico (p)

A

10⁻¹²

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10
Q

Hooke’s law

A

Extention is directly proportional to force up to the limit of proportionality

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11
Q

Elastic behavior

A

When the force is removed, it returns to the original shape

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12
Q

Plastic behavior

A

Will not return to the original shape when the force is removed

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13
Q

Elastic limit

A

Maximum extention before behavior becomes plastic

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14
Q

Effect of two springs in series

A
  • Extention doubles
  • Spring constant halves
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15
Q

Effects of two springs in parrallel

A
  • Extention halves
  • Spring constant doubles
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16
Q

What is a brittle material?

A
  • No/very little plastic region before it breaks
  • Small strain
17
Q

What is a ductile material?

A
  • Very large plastic region
  • Large strain
18
Q

What is a stiff material?

A
  • Very small extention when a load is put on it
  • High Youngs modulus
19
Q

What is a strong material?

A
  • High ultimate tensile stress
20
Q

What are the 6 base units?

A

Kg (kilograms)
m (meters)
s (secconds)
A (amps)
K (kelvin)
mol (mol)

21
Q

Femto (f)

A

10⁻¹⁵

22
Q

Density

A

Mass per unit volume

23
Q

How do you calculate the work done/energy stored on a force-extension graph?

A

Area under the graph

24
Q

How do you calculate the spring constant on a force-extension graph?

A

The gradient

25
Q

Tensile stress

A

The ratio of the load to the cross-sectional area when stretching a material.

26
Q

Tensile strain

A

The ratio of extension to original length

27
Q

Young’s Modulus

A

The ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain in the Hooke’s law region.

28
Q

Unit of Young’s Modulus

A

Pascals (Pa)

29
Q

Unit of tensile stress

A

Nm⁻² or Pa

30
Q

Unit of tensile strain

A

NO UNITS