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Science > Materials > Flashcards

Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What is Compression?

A

Forces that tend to crush.

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2
Q

What is Tension?

A

Forces that tend to stretch.

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3
Q

What is Torsion?

A

Forces that tend to twist.

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4
Q

What is Deflection?

A

Forces that tend to bend.

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5
Q

What is Shearing?

A

Forces that to cut.

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6
Q

What are Constraints?

A

Forces that deform parts.

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7
Q

What are Mechanical Properties?

A

Physical properties that a material exhibits upon the application of forces.

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8
Q

What is Hardness?

A

Ability to resist indentation or abrasion.

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9
Q

What is Elasticity?

A

Ability to return to it’s original form after under going a constraint.

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10
Q

What is Resillience?

A

Ability to resist shocks without breaking.

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11
Q

What is Ductility?

A

Ability to be stretched without breaking.

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12
Q

What is Malleability?

A

Ability to be flattened or bent without breaking.

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13
Q

What is Stiffness?

A

Ability to maintain their shape when subjected to various constraints.

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14
Q

What is a Elastic Deformation?

A

A temporary change in the shape or dimensions of the material, which returns to it’s original form once the constraint is removed.

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15
Q

What is a Plastic Deformation?

A

A permanent change in the shape or dimensions, which stays deformed after the constraint is removed.

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16
Q

What is a Fracture Deformation?

A

The constraint is so intense the material breaks.

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17
Q

What is Resistance to Corrosion?

A

Ability to resist the effects of rust formatting.

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18
Q

What is Electrical Conductivity?

A

Ability to carry an electrical current.

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19
Q

What is Thermal Conductivity?

A

Ability to transmit heat.

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20
Q

What are the two types of plastics?

A

Thermoplastic and Thermosetting.

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21
Q

What are Thermoplastics?

A

Plastics that can be heated to soften and be shaped over and over again. They also harden when cooled.

22
Q

What are the properties of Thermoplastics.

A

Elasticity
Resilience
Resistance to Corrosion.

23
Q

What are Thermosetting plastics?

A

Plastics that can be heated and shaped once and always remain hard, even in heat.

24
Q

What are the properties of Thermosetting plastics?

A

Hardness
Resilience
Heat Resistance
Stiffness

25
Q

What are the two types of wood?

A

Wood and Modified Wood.

26
Q

What are the properties of wood?

A

It’s hard and durable

Has good elasticity (depends on the type of wood)

Has low thermal and electrical conductivity.

Has many colours and shapes.

27
Q

What are the three varieties of modified wood?

A

Plywood
Particleboard
Fibreboard

28
Q

Why does wood deteriorate quickly?

A

Because it’s organic.

29
Q

What are some ways of protecting wood?

A

Varnishing
Painting
Wood Wax (optional answer)
Chemical treatment (optional answer)

30
Q

What are some examples of ceramics?

A

Glass

Mugs

Plates

31
Q

What are the properties of Cermics?

A

Low electrical conductivity

High degree of hardness

Resistant to corrosion

Fragile

Heat Resistant and low thermal conductivity

32
Q

Generally ceramics are very durable, however what causes them to degrade?

A

Acids and thermal shocks.

33
Q

What are some ways of protecting ceramics?

A

Storage of materials in temperature.

Dry areas can help preserve ceramics.

34
Q

What are the two types of alloys?

A

Ferrous
Non-Ferrous

35
Q

What is a Ferrous Alloy?

A

An alloy that’s main component is iron.

36
Q

What is a non-ferrous alloy?

A

Main component is not iron.

37
Q

What causes metals to degrade?

A

Oxidation (rusting)

38
Q

What can be used to protect metals?

A

Metallic coatings

Paint

Grease

Steel heat treatment

39
Q

What is Drilling?

A

To make a hole in a material.

40
Q

What does Drilling depend on?

A

The diameter of the hole
Speed of the drill bit

41
Q

What is Tapping?

A

Screw threads inside the hole.

42
Q

What is Threading?

A

Screw threads that are etched or formed outside of a rod.

43
Q

What is Bending?

A

The process by which a material is pressed into shape.

44
Q

What is the first step in the manufacturing process?

A

Measuring and Laying out.

45
Q

What are the steps of Machining?

A

Cutting
Drilling
Tapping
Threading
Bending
Inspecting

46
Q

What is the third step in the manufacturing process?

A

Assembling and Finishing.

47
Q

What are the steps of Assembling?

A

Screwing
Nailing
Bonding
Bolting
Riveting
Welding

48
Q

What is Bonding?

A

Joining of two materials together.

49
Q

What is Welding?

A

To fuse two or more parts using heat.

50
Q

What are the steps in Finishing?

A

Painting
Staining
Varnishing
Polishing

51
Q

What is the name of the machine used to cut the wood?

A

Band Saw

52
Q

What is the name of the machine that drills holes into wood?

A

Drill Press

Science (7 decks)

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