Materials Flashcards
What are hardwoods
Trees which stop growing in winter (deciduous)
What’s more expensive hardwood or softwood
Hardwood
What are softwoods
Trees which grow all year (coniferous)
What are manufactured boards often made from
Waste wood, low grade or recycled timber
What is a veneer
A thin slice of more expensive wood, which typically covers a cheaper manufactured board
On average how long does it take softwoods to grow
25 years
What colour is ash, and what properties does it have
It is pale, and is flexible
What colour is beech and what are its properties
Beech is pink, and is very durable
What colour is mahogany and what are its properties
Deep reddish brown, very durable
What colour is pine what are its properties
Pine is pale yellow, and is lightweight and easy to work with
Name 3 softwoods
Pine, Spruce and Larch
What are ferrous metals
Metal containing iron
Qualities of ferrous metals
they rust
the are magnetic
Name 3 ferrous metals
Mild steel
Steel
Cast iron
What are Non-ferrous metals
metals which do not contain iron
Qualities of non ferrous metals
Not magnetic
Do not rust
3 Non ferrous metals
Copper
Gold
Silver
What are alloys
2 or more metals mixed together
2 Alloys
Brass
Stainless steel
Qualities of aluminium
Lightweight, strong, ductile
What type of metal is aluminium
non ferrous
Qualities of copper
When oxidised, turns green
very good electrical conductor
What are thermoforming polymers
Polymers which can be re heated and shaped multiple times
What are some uses of thermoforming plastics
Vacuum forming
Blow moulding
What are thermosetting polymers
Polymers which can only be set once
What is the logo for PET
A triangle made from arrows with a one in the centre
What does HDPE stand for
High density polyethylene
Uses of HDPE
milk bottles, hard hats and wheelie bins
Logo for HDPE
Same as PET but with a 2
What is PVC uses
Raincoats and pipes
Logo for PVC
triangle with a 3
What does LDPE stand for
Low density Polyethylene
What are uses of LDPE
bin bags, food wraps
Logo for LDPE
triangle with 4
What is the logo for PP
5
What is the logo for HIPS
6
What is the logo for PMMA
7
What type of plastic is epoxy resin
Thermosetting
what are the 4 types of fibres
plant based
animal based
synthetic fibres
blended fibres
What are woven textiles
Woven textiles are produced by weaving yarn
What are non woven textiles
made directly from fibres without being spun into yarns
What are knitted textiles
interlocking yarn loops to make a fabric
What does weft knitting mean
weft knitting fabrics are more stretchy due to loose knitted yarn
What is warp knitting
Warp knitting is less stretchy, and it holds its shape for longer
What type of fibre is cotton
A plant based natural fibre
What is polyester
A synthetic fibre, which is strong and hard wearing
What are the properties of lycra
Freedom of movement, stretchy, dries quickly
What is the weft thread
the horizontal thread
What is the warp thread
the vertical
What is paper made from
wood pulp
What is paper measured in
Grams per square metre
What is added to paper to make rag paper
cotton
What is absorbency
a material’s ability to absorb or take in water, electricity, heat, or light
What is density
how compact the material is
What is fusibility
A material’s ability to be converted through heat to a liquid, combined with another, before cooling as one material
What is strength
a materials ability to withstand a force such as tension, shear, or pressure
What is hardness
A materials ability to resist abrasive wear and indentation
What is toughness
A material’s ability to absorb energy through shock without fracturing
What is malleability
A materials ability to deform under compression, without tearing splitting or cracking
What is elasticity
A mareitals ability to return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed
What manufactured board is made up of thin layers of wood angled at 90 degrees
ply wood
Triangle with a 1
PET
Triangle with a 2
HDPE
Triangle with a 3
PVC
Triangle with a 4
LDPE
Triangle with a 5
PP
Triangle with a 6
HIPS
Triangle with a 7
PMMA
How is paper strengthened
Paper is strengthened when it is laminated (layered) with other paper/boards.
What are three common types of paper
cartridge paper
layout paper
tracing paper
How man microns = 1 mm
1000 microns
What is paper made from
wood pulp
What is cartridge paper
rough surface,
thicker than usual
What is layout paper
smooth,
translucent and thin
What is tracing paper
very translucent
good for copying/tracing images
What are 3 types of common boards
Corrugated cardboard
duplex board
foil lined board
