Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A Level Physics Paper 1 > Materials > Flashcards

Materials Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

Density

A

A measure of how closely packed particles are in a material

Defined as the mass per unit volume of a material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Density equation

A

p=m/v

Kgm-³

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Whatever you do to the unit…

A

You do to the conversion factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pico

A

-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fempto

A

-15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Measure mass

A

Balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Measure mass of liquid

A 
Measure mass of container empty and full
With balance
Subtract to get mass of liquid
Read off volume on beaker
Density calculation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Measuring irregular solid density

A

Measure mass with balance
Read off volume on beaker with and without object fully submerged in the water
Difference in volume is volume of solid
Density calculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If an objects density is less than the density of a fluid then

A

It will float

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hooke’s law

A

The extension produced by a force in a wire or spring is directly proportional to the force applied
Up to the limit of proportionality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Express Hookes law mathematically

A

F=kx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Limit of proportionality

A

Point up to which Hookes law is obeyed in which force is directly proportional to extension
Point beyond which f and x stop being proportional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Elastic limit

A

Not the same as the limit of proportionality
Occurs after limit of proportionality
Point beyond which a stretched spring won’t return to its original length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When doesn’t a spring return to its original length

A

Beyond the elastic limit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Gradient of force extension graph

A

Spring constant
Stiffness
Before limit of proportionality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the spring constant

A

Measure of resistance to stretching

Stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Extension of springs in parallel

Spring constant

A

Stretch by half

Meaning spring constant has doubled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Springs in parallel
Extension
Spring constant

A

Stretch twice as far

So spring constant halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Combined spring constant equation for series

A

1/ktotal = 1/k1 + 1/k2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Combined spring constant for springs in parallel

A

Ktotal = K1 + K2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Area under the graph of force extension

A

Work done on the spring

Since W=Fs and s=extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Explain the area under a force extension graph

A

Weight of masses stretches spring and does work on it
Increasing its elastic potential energy
So area gives elastic potential energy/strain energy stored stretching it to that point

In region before limit of proportionality area is a triangle
So can be calculated by doing 1/2 Fx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Three equations to work out strain energy

A

E=1/2kx²

E=1/2F²/k

E=1/Fx

24
Q

Plastic deformation

A

Point in which an unloaded spring no longer returns to its original length when unloaded

25
Q

How do you work out the permenant extension

A

Draw a line from top of graph parallel to gradient of the region of proportionality
Where it crosses x axis

26
Q

What is the difference in energy for the area loading and unloading

A

Energy used to permentantly deform the spring

27
Q

Elastic behaviour

A

Sample that has been deformed by a force returns to its original shape when the force is removed

28
Q

Elastic limit

A

Maximum force applied up to which a material can be stretched and return to its original shape

29
Q

Plastic behaviour

A

When the deforming force is removed and the material does not return to its original shape

30
Q

Ductile

A

Can be easily and permenantly stretched

Drawn out into wires

31
Q

Brittle

A 
Cannot be permenantly stretched 
Will break soon after the elastic limit
Tend to be very strong under compression
But weak under tension
Concrete
Mortar
Brick 
Stone
32
Q

Fracture

A

Point at which the material breaks due to the force applied

33
Q

Small plastic region

A

Brittle

34
Q

Large plastic region

A

Ductile

35
Q

Higher fracture point

A

Stronger material

36
Q

Steeper gradient

A

Stiffer material

37
Q

Special case rubber

A

Isn’t really a Hookean region or limit of proportionality
Gradient still represents spring constant
But spring constant is constantly changing

38
Q

Difference in energy/area for rubber

A

Energy retained by the rubber as heat

39
Q

How does the graph of rubber show it doesn’t obey Hookes law

A

No linear section to the graph

Where force is proportional to the extension

40
Q

What does spring constant depend on

A

Material

Dimensions

41
Q

A material will stretch … if longer

A

More

42
Q

A material will stretch … if its thicker

A

Less

43
Q

Why is youngs modulus better than spring constant

A

Isn’t affected by materials dimensions

Stress accounts for thickness
Strain accounts for length

44
Q

Youngs modulus

A

Tensile stress/Tense strain

45
Q

Tensile stress

A

F/A

46
Q

Tensile strain

A

Change in length over original length

Ratio

47
Q

Youngs modulus terms

A

YM=Fl/A◇L

48
Q

Units for stress/YM

A

Nm-²

Pa

49
Q

Assumption with YM

A

Assume the cross sectional area is constant
In reality the decrease in area is very small
So say negligible

50
Q

Breaking stress

A

Stress at the fracture point

51
Q

Breaking strain

A

Strain at the fracture point

52
Q

Area under a stress strain graph

A

Area=Stress x Strain
Area=F/A x ◇L/L (W=F◇L)
A=W/AL

So the work done per unit volume

53
Q

Can the energy equations be used for youngs modulus

A

Yes

54
Q

Breaking strain equation

A

Max extension/Origional length

55
Q

Breaking stress

A

Maximum force/Area

56
Q

True or false

A graph of stress against strain is always linear up to the elastic limit

A

False

Limit of proportionality

57
Q

True or false

If a material is stretched up to its elastic limit it will return to its original shape when released

A

True

Hasn’t passed its elastic region which just means F and X aren’t proportional

A Level Physics Paper 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions