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A-Level Design > Material Joining > Flashcards

Material Joining Flashcards

1
Q

Give six methods of joining thermoplastics.

A
  • Screws
  • Snap fixings
  • Captive nuts
  • Adhesive
  • Thermal welding
  • Ultrasonic welding
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2
Q

Give two methods of joining thermoset plastics.

A
  • Screws

- Adhesives

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3
Q

Give six factors that determine a suitable joining method?

A
  • Materials being used.
  • Temporary or permanent.
  • Strength required.
  • Stiffness required.
  • Effect on the material.
  • Appearance
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4
Q

What is a temporary joining method?

A

A method that doesn’t damage the materials when the joint is undone.

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5
Q

Give four examples of wood joints.

A
  • Mortise and tenon
  • Dovetail
  • Finger/Comb
  • Bridle
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6
Q

What are self-tapping screws?

A

Screws that form their own thread in a material.

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7
Q

What is an adhesive?

A

A mixture of chemicals used to bond materials together.

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8
Q

What is a wood screw?

A

A form of screw designed to join woods together.

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9
Q

What are knock-down fittings primarily used for?

A

Flat pack furniture

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10
Q

What is spot welding?

A

A form of resistance welding in which a current fuses two components together.

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11
Q

What is a permanent joining method?

A

A method that damages the materials when the joint is undone.

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12
Q

What is crimping?

A

A method used to join thin sheets of metal together achieved by folding the materials together.

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13
Q

What is soldering?

A

A method used to join wires and pipes using a low melting point filler.

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14
Q

Give three joining processes involving heat.

A
  • Soldering
  • Brazing
  • Welding
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15
Q

What are soft solders commonly used for?

A

Joining electronic components

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16
Q

What are hard solders commonly used for?

A

Joining products requiring additional strength such as copper pipe.

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17
Q

What temperature does soft solder melt at?

A

200°C

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18
Q

What temperature does hard solder melt at?

A

600°C-800°C

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19
Q

What is the first stage of soldering?

A

Grease and dust have to be removed and kept clean using flux.

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20
Q

What is the second stage of soldering?

A

The surfaces must fit together without large gaps so have to be held together.

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21
Q

What is the third stage of soldering?

A

A blowtorch is used to heat the material around the joint then the solder rod is held on the material.

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22
Q

What is the fourth stage of soldering?

A

The joint is then allowed to cool.

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23
Q

What is the first stage of aluminium welding?

A

The components are cleaned using steel wool.

24
Q

What is the second stage of aluminium welding?

A

Each component is coated with the filler material and the material is heated, melting the filler.

25
What is the third stage of aluminium welding?
The material is abraded to allow the filler to fuse with the material.
26
What is the fourth stage of aluminium welding?
The components are placed together and heated until the joint material melts and the components are joined.
27
What is the fifth stage of aluminium welding?
The materials are allowed to cool slowly.
28
What does MIG stand for?
Metal inert gas
29
What does TIG stand for?
Tungsten inert gas
30
What temperature does brazing spelter melt at?
880°C
31
What temperature flame is used in oxy-acetylene welding?
2500°C
32
What is the first stage of oxy-acetylene welding?
The components are prepared and set so they have a small gap between them.
33
What is the second stage of oxy-acetylene welding?
The gas bottles are opened and the pressure adjusted.
34
What is the third stage of oxy-acetylene welding?
The acetylene is ignited then the oxygen is introduced until there is a neat blue flame.
35
What is the fourth stage of oxy-acetylene welding?
The area around the joint is heated until the filler melts into the joint.
36
What is electric arc welding?
Using an electric current through a gap between materials to melt the joint gap.
37
What are the two main types of electric arc welding?
- MIG | - TIG
38
How is oxidation prevented when using MIG or TIG welding?
A gas jet surrounds the filler.
39
Give two differences between MIG and TIG welding.
- MIG uses a filler rod where TIG melts the material. | - The electrode in MIG welding is non-consumable.
40
What is spot welding?
Heating a spot of the metal until the two parts fuse together.
41
What is seam welding?
Using a current to heat the material as it passes under rollers that joins the seams.
42
Give eight examples of knock-down fittings.
- Barrel nut and bolt - T-nut and bolt - Screw socket - Chipboard fastener - Cam fitting - Corner plate - Screw connector - Block connector
43
What is a solvent?
A material that will dissolve a material.
44
What is ultrasonic welding?
Using high frequency vibrations to generate heat within the area to be joined.
45
When are ceramics generally joined?
Before being fired.
46
What are the two main types of adhesives?
- Natural | - Synthetic
47
What are the three main types of natural adhesives?
- Animal glue - Natural resins - Inorganic cements
48
Give two examples of materials used to make animal glues.
- Hide | - Bones
49
Give an example of a natural resin.
Gum arabic
50
Give an example of an inorganic cement.
Portland cement
51
Give two common applications for animal glues.
- Woods | - Fabrics
52
Give two common applications for natural resins.
- Papers | - Fabrics
53
Give a common application for inorganic cements.
-Brickwork
54
Give four examples of synthetic adhesives.
- Cascamitte - PVA - Evo-Stik - Hot glue sticks - Tensol
55
Give a common application of cascamite.
Waterproof wood bonding
56
What is Tensol used for?
Bonding acrylics
57
Give two advantages of using adhesives.
- Able to join dissimilar materials. | - Prevents corrosion.

A-Level Design (8 decks)

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