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A-Level Design > Material Joining > Flashcards

Material Joining Flashcards

1
Q

Give six methods of joining thermoplastics.

A
  • Screws
  • Snap fixings
  • Captive nuts
  • Adhesive
  • Thermal welding
  • Ultrasonic welding
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2
Q

Give two methods of joining thermoset plastics.

A
  • Screws

- Adhesives

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3
Q

Give six factors that determine a suitable joining method?

A
  • Materials being used.
  • Temporary or permanent.
  • Strength required.
  • Stiffness required.
  • Effect on the material.
  • Appearance
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4
Q

What is a temporary joining method?

A

A method that doesn’t damage the materials when the joint is undone.

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5
Q

Give four examples of wood joints.

A
  • Mortise and tenon
  • Dovetail
  • Finger/Comb
  • Bridle
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6
Q

What are self-tapping screws?

A

Screws that form their own thread in a material.

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7
Q

What is an adhesive?

A

A mixture of chemicals used to bond materials together.

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8
Q

What is a wood screw?

A

A form of screw designed to join woods together.

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9
Q

What are knock-down fittings primarily used for?

A

Flat pack furniture

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10
Q

What is spot welding?

A

A form of resistance welding in which a current fuses two components together.

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11
Q

What is a permanent joining method?

A

A method that damages the materials when the joint is undone.

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12
Q

What is crimping?

A

A method used to join thin sheets of metal together achieved by folding the materials together.

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13
Q

What is soldering?

A

A method used to join wires and pipes using a low melting point filler.

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14
Q

Give three joining processes involving heat.

A
  • Soldering
  • Brazing
  • Welding
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15
Q

What are soft solders commonly used for?

A

Joining electronic components

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16
Q

What are hard solders commonly used for?

A

Joining products requiring additional strength such as copper pipe.

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17
Q

What temperature does soft solder melt at?

A

200°C

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18
Q

What temperature does hard solder melt at?

A

600°C-800°C

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19
Q

What is the first stage of soldering?

A

Grease and dust have to be removed and kept clean using flux.

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20
Q

What is the second stage of soldering?

A

The surfaces must fit together without large gaps so have to be held together.

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21
Q

What is the third stage of soldering?

A

A blowtorch is used to heat the material around the joint then the solder rod is held on the material.

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22
Q

What is the fourth stage of soldering?

A

The joint is then allowed to cool.

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23
Q

What is the first stage of aluminium welding?

A

The components are cleaned using steel wool.

24
Q

What is the second stage of aluminium welding?

A

Each component is coated with the filler material and the material is heated, melting the filler.

25
Q

What is the third stage of aluminium welding?

A

The material is abraded to allow the filler to fuse with the material.

26
Q

What is the fourth stage of aluminium welding?

A

The components are placed together and heated until the joint material melts and the components are joined.

27
Q

What is the fifth stage of aluminium welding?

A

The materials are allowed to cool slowly.

28
Q

What does MIG stand for?

A

Metal inert gas

29
Q

What does TIG stand for?

A

Tungsten inert gas

30
Q

What temperature does brazing spelter melt at?

A

880°C

31
Q

What temperature flame is used in oxy-acetylene welding?

A

2500°C

32
Q

What is the first stage of oxy-acetylene welding?

A

The components are prepared and set so they have a small gap between them.

33
Q

What is the second stage of oxy-acetylene welding?

A

The gas bottles are opened and the pressure adjusted.

34
Q

What is the third stage of oxy-acetylene welding?

A

The acetylene is ignited then the oxygen is introduced until there is a neat blue flame.

35
Q

What is the fourth stage of oxy-acetylene welding?

A

The area around the joint is heated until the filler melts into the joint.

36
Q

What is electric arc welding?

A

Using an electric current through a gap between materials to melt the joint gap.

37
Q

What are the two main types of electric arc welding?

A
  • MIG

- TIG

38
Q

How is oxidation prevented when using MIG or TIG welding?

A

A gas jet surrounds the filler.

39
Q

Give two differences between MIG and TIG welding.

A
  • MIG uses a filler rod where TIG melts the material.

- The electrode in MIG welding is non-consumable.

40
Q

What is spot welding?

A

Heating a spot of the metal until the two parts fuse together.

41
Q

What is seam welding?

A

Using a current to heat the material as it passes under rollers that joins the seams.

42
Q

Give eight examples of knock-down fittings.

A
  • Barrel nut and bolt
  • T-nut and bolt
  • Screw socket
  • Chipboard fastener
  • Cam fitting
  • Corner plate
  • Screw connector
  • Block connector
43
Q

What is a solvent?

A

A material that will dissolve a material.

44
Q

What is ultrasonic welding?

A

Using high frequency vibrations to generate heat within the area to be joined.

45
Q

When are ceramics generally joined?

A

Before being fired.

46
Q

What are the two main types of adhesives?

A
  • Natural

- Synthetic

47
Q

What are the three main types of natural adhesives?

A
  • Animal glue
  • Natural resins
  • Inorganic cements
48
Q

Give two examples of materials used to make animal glues.

A
  • Hide

- Bones

49
Q

Give an example of a natural resin.

A

Gum arabic

50
Q

Give an example of an inorganic cement.

A

Portland cement

51
Q

Give two common applications for animal glues.

A
  • Woods

- Fabrics

52
Q

Give two common applications for natural resins.

A
  • Papers

- Fabrics

53
Q

Give a common application for inorganic cements.

A

-Brickwork

54
Q

Give four examples of synthetic adhesives.

A
  • Cascamitte
  • PVA
  • Evo-Stik
  • Hot glue sticks
  • Tensol
55
Q

Give a common application of cascamite.

A

Waterproof wood bonding

56
Q

What is Tensol used for?

A

Bonding acrylics

57
Q

Give two advantages of using adhesives.

A
  • Able to join dissimilar materials.

- Prevents corrosion.

A-Level Design (8 decks)

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