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Anatomy & Physiology: Ch.11 > Mastery Test: Endocrine Ch.11 > Flashcards

Mastery Test: Endocrine Ch.11 Flashcards

1
Q

A chemical messenger involved in the regulation of body functions is a…

A

Hormone

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2
Q

Local hormones that affect only local cells are

A

Paracrine hormones

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3
Q

Hormones secreted by a cell that affects only the secreting cell are…

A

Autocrine hormones

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4
Q

Glands that release their secretions directly into the body fluids to help regulate metabolic processes are…

A

endocrine glands

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5
Q

Many hormones are thought to function by acting on receptor sites in the

A

target cells

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6
Q

A major difference between steroid and nonsteroid hormones is the degree to which they

A

are lipid soluble

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7
Q

Another group of compounds that have hormonelike effects are…

A

prostagladins

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8
Q

The characteristics of the negative feedback system that regulate hormone secretion include…

A

activation by imbalance and exertion of an inhibitory effect on the gland

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9
Q

The part of the brain most closely related to endocrine function is the…

A

hypothalamus

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10
Q

The anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland are regulated by the…

A

hypothalamus

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11
Q

The hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland include..

A

Thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH) and Luteinizing hormones (LH)

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12
Q

Which of the following are actions of pituitary growth hormone?

A

Enhance the movement of amino acids through the cell membrane and increases the utilization of glucose by cells

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13
Q

The pituitary hormone that stimulates and maintains milk production following childbirth is…

A

Prolactin

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14
Q

TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) secretion is regulated by…

A

circulating thyroid hormones and TRH (thryotropin-releasing hormone) secreted by the hypothalamus

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15
Q

Which of the following pituitary hormones regulate fluid balance

A

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

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16
Q

A hormone of the posterior hormones regulate fluid balance?

A

True

17
Q

The thyroid hormones that affect the metabolic rate are…

A

thyroxine and triidothyronine

18
Q

Which of the following are functions of thyroid hormones?

A

Increases protein synthesis and accelerate growth in children

19
Q

The element necessary for normal function of the thyroid gland is…

A

Iodine

20
Q

The thyroid hormone that tends to keep calcium in the bone is…

A

Calcitonin

21
Q

Hypothryoidism in an infant is characterized by…

A

Mental retardation and abnormal bone formation

22
Q

Which of the following statements about parathormone (parathyroid hormone) is (are) true?

A

Enhances absorption of calcium from the intestines, parathormone stimulates the kidney conserve calcium, stimulates the bone in release ionized calcium

23
Q

Injury to or removal of parathyroid glands is likely to result in…

A

Reduced osteoclastic activity and hypocalcemia

24
Q

The hormones of the adrenal medulla are…

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

25
Q

The adrenal hormone aldosterone belongs to a category of cortical hormones called

A

Mineralcorticoids

26
Q

The actions of cortisol include…

A

breakdown of stored protein to increase the levels of circulating amino acids, stimulation of gluconeogenesis, and increased release of fatty acids and decreased use of glucose

27
Q

Adrenal sex hormones are primarily…

A

male

28
Q

The endocrine portion of the pancreas consists of cells called…

A

Islets of Langerhans

29
Q

The hormone that responds to low blood sugar by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen to glucose is…

A

Glucagon

30
Q

The actions of insulin that most directly leads to lowered blood sugar levels are…

A

facilitating the transport of glucose across the cell membrane and increasing the synthesis of fats

31
Q

The most common type of diabetes mellitus is…

A

Type II

32
Q

The hormone melatonin is secreted by the..

A

Pineal gland

33
Q

A negative side effect of the general stress syndrome is increased susceptibility to…

A

Infection

34
Q

Stressors may be positive or negative stimuli

A

True

35
Q

What gland activates the “fight or flight” mechanism?

A

Hypothalamus

Anatomy & Physiology: Ch.11 (10 decks)

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