Mastery of the environment (ch 16)

Question 1

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) mandates…

Answer 1

that restraints cannot be used without proper justification, agreement, and documentation.

Question 2

7 Principles of universal design

Answer 2

1. Equitable use- design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities.
2. Flexibility in use- design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities
3. Simple and intuitive use- design is easy to understand, regardless of user’s experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level.
4. Perceptible information- design communicates necessary info effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities.
5. Tolerance for error- design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental actions.
6. Low physical effort- design can be used efficiently and comfortably with a minimum of fatigue.
7. Size and space for approach and use- appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use regardless of user’s body size, posture, or mobility.

Question 3

Railings (interior) should be mounted ______ inches from the wall to ease grasp

Answer 3

1.5

Question 4

Exterior railings should be waist high for those who walk… _________ inches depending on person’s height

Answer 4

34-38

Question 5

Railings should be _______ inches in diameter with non-skid surfaces.

Answer 5

1.5-2

Question 6

Space to accommodate door swing must be available… a min of ____ inches needed for those using walkers

Answer 6

18

Question 7

Space to accommodate door swing must be available… a min of ____ inches needed for those using wheelchairs

Answer 7

26

Question 8

Safety Assessment Scale (SAS) (focus, method, scoring, population)

Answer 8

• focus- assesses the potential safety risks of people with dementia who live at home.
• method- observation of person, caregiver interview (19 question screen; 32 question for tx)
• scoring- 4-point rating scale for each question; results used to help caregivers diminish safety risks in home.
• population- older adults with cognitive impairment living at home.

Question 9

Fall Efficacy Scale (FES) (focus, method, scoring, population)

Answer 9

• focus: measures person’s fear of falling during non-hazardous ADLs.
• method: asks how confident the person feels about completing the FES activities without falling.
• scoring: person’s level of concern about falling is measured on a 4-point Likert scale with 1= not at all concerned to 4=very concerned.
• population: community-dwelling older adults with/without hx of fear or falling.

Question 10

Average wc width is ___-___ inches rim to rim

Answer 10

24-26

Question 11

Minimal clearance width for doorways and halls for wc use is ____ inches, with ideally ____ inches

Answer 11

min: 32
ideal: 36

Question 12

Replacing door hinges with offset hinges can add ___-___ inches in width

Answer 12

1.5-2

Question 13

Hallways should be ___ inches wide for wc.

Answer 13

36

Question 14

Average wc length is ____-____ inches

Answer 14

42-43

Question 15

A 360 degree wc turn requires a space of ___ feet by ___ feet.

Answer 15

5x5

Question 16

Max height a person in wc can reach forward from sitting is ____ inches; height should be at least ___ inches off ground to prevent tipping wc.

Answer 16

48; 15

Question 17

Maximal height for reaching sideways in wc is ___ inches

Answer 17

48

Question 18

Maximal height for countertops in wc should be ___ inches

Answer 18

31

Question 19

Pathways and walkways should be ___ inches wide for wc.

Answer 19

48

Question 20

Ramps should be min of ___ inches wide for wc

Answer 20

36

Question 21

The ratio of slope to rise is ____ for wc ramp

Answer 21

1:12

Question 22

Railings on ramp for wc should be between ___ and ___ high depending on person’s arm reach. Average is ____ inches.

Answer 22

29-36 inches; Average= 32 inches

Question 23

Curbs on ramps for wc should be at least ___ inches high

Answer 23

4

Question 24

If ramp is excessively long, ___ft by ___ft landings are required to allow for rest.

Answer 24

4ft x 4ft

Question 25

A 90 degree turn in a wc ramp requires a __ft by __ft landing; a 180 degree turn requires a __ft by __ft landing.

Answer 25

4x4; 4x8

Question 26

If wc ramp leads to a door, must have __ft by __ft platform before the door that extends at least __inches along the ide of the door to allow for door swing without backing up

Answer 26

5x5; 12 inches

Question 27

Standard wc dimensions (seat width, depth, and height):

Adult

Answer 27

18 wide
16 deep
20 high

Question 28

Standard wc dimensions (seat width, depth, and height):

Narrow adult

Answer 28

16 wide
16 deep
20 high

Question 29

Standard wc dimensions (seat width, depth, and height):

Slim adult

Answer 29

14 wide
16 deep
20 high

Question 30

Standard wc dimensions (height):

Hemi/low seat

Answer 30

17.5 high

Question 31

Standard wc dimensions (seat width, depth, and height):

Junior

Answer 31

16 wide
16 deep
18.5 high

Question 32

Standard wc dimensions (seat width, depth, and height):

Child

Answer 32

14 wide

11. 5 deep
12. 75 high

Question 33

Standard wc dimensions (seat width, depth, and height):

Tiny tot

Answer 33

12 wide

11. 5 deep
12. 5 high

Question 34

how to measure person for wc seat width

Answer 34

measure the widest point across hips and thighs, then add 2 inches

Question 35

how to measure person for wc seat depth

Answer 35

measure both LE and take the greatest length, measuring from posterior portion of butt to popliteal fossa, then subtract 2 inches.

Question 36

A standard wc weighs more than ___ pounds

Answer 36

50

Question 37

A lightweight wc weighs between ___ and ___ pounds

Answer 37

25-40

Question 38

The bariatric client has a center of body mass that is positioned several inches ______ in comparison with the non-obese person.

Answer 38

forward

Question 39

AFO=

Answer 39

ankle-foot orthosis

Question 40

KAFO=

Answer 40

knee-ankle-foot orthosis

Question 41

HKAFO=

Answer 41

hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis

Question 42

s/p total hip replacement, patient may not be permitted to roll on the _______ side because…..

Answer 42

non-operated side because it may result in internal rotation of the operated hip, which may cause dislocation.

Question 43

ATDs=

Answer 43

assistive technology devices!
An expansion of adaptive equipment; can be low-tech or high-tech. Its any equipment/product used to increase, maintain, and improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities.

Question 44

EADLs=

Answer 44

electronic aids to daily living!
A means to purposefully manipulate and interact with the enviro by alternately accessing one or more electrical devices via switch, voice activation, remote control, computer interface…

Question 45

AAC=

Answer 45

augmentative alternative communication!

methods of communication that do not require speech.