mastering bio ch 1 Flashcards
what does it mean to say that a gene is expressed?
information in DNA is used to make a protein
How many different kinds of nucleotides does DNA contain?
4: A, C, T, G
Why doesn’t a skin cell make crystallin protein?
Skin cells do not need crystallin for their function.
Skin cells have the crystallin gene but do not express it.
What is the correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex?
molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem
No amino acid molecule by itself can speed up or catalyze reactions between other molecules; however, when amino acids are joined together to make a protein with catalytic properties, the new structure (enzymatic protein) can speed up the rate of a specific chemical reaction. What does this illustrate?
emergent properties (how the structure determines function)
Which of the following statements is true about chemical nutrients in an ecosystem?
They recycle within the ecosystem, being constantly reused.
Which of the following attributes is common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
the use of DNA as the information storage molecule
How does DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) encode information?
in the sequence of nucleotides.
Competition is central to the theory of natural selection. Why does competition occur?
Organisms typically produce too many offspring, and resources are limited.
Resource competition is one of the main ingredients for natural selection. Organisms must compete for limited resources, and only the best adapted will survive and reproduce.
Which example illustrates a property that emerges at the community level?
Metabolic cooperation among many species of prokaryotic cells forms a biofilm that allows bacterial colonies to transport nutrients and wastes. Biofilms may damage industrial equipment or cause tooth decay.
The universal genetic language of DNA is common to virtually all organisms on Earth, however diverse. What is the best explanation for this fact?
All living things share a common genetic language of DNA because they share a common ancestry.
Which taxonomic domain includes multicellular photosynthetic organisms?
eukaryra
Which of the following statements demonstrates unity in the diversity of life?`
Cilia and flagella in all eukaryotes have the same basic structure.
The forelimbs of all mammals have the same basic structure, modified for different environments.
The structure of DNA is the same in all organisms.
All organisms, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes, use essentially the same genetic code.
In order for a hypothesis to be able to be used in science, which of the following must be true?
it is testable and falsifiable
Which of the following is true of a scientific theory?
it generates testable hypotheses, is supported by a large body of evidence, and is broad in scope
