Master file PQs Flashcards
1
Q
Veterinarians can cause iatrogenic infections
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
2
Q
Arthropod borne infections are direct infections
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
3
Q
Arthopod born infections are indirect infections
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
4
Q
Arthropods can be involved in indirect infections
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
5
Q
Venereal infections is a direct infection
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
6
Q
In the case of iatrogenic infections the infective agents are transmitted by the
veterinarian
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
7
Q
Drinking water cannot transmit infective agents since it is hypoosmotic
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
8
Q
In case of direct infection tissues of the infected animal are contacted with tissues of the host
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
9
Q
In the case of aerogenic infection the agents are transmitted with air
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
10
Q
Aerogenic infection is a form of direct infection
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
11
Q
In the case of aerogenic infection the agent is transmitted by the air
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
12
Q
Infective agents cannot survive in the soil, so soil cannot be a source of infection
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
13
Q
In the case of iatrogenic infection the agent is transmitted by humans
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
14
Q
Direct infection happens when infected animals pass the infection with water
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
15
Q
If the arthropod is a true vector, if it brings the pathogen into a susceptible animal.
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
16
Q
The arthropod is a true vector, if the pathogen also replicates in the susceptible animal.
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
17
Q
The arthropod is a true vector, if it propagates the pathogen
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
18
Q
The arthropod is a true vector, if it can take the pathogen to a further distance
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
19
Q
Infection cannot happen through water since bacteria and viruses are inactivated in
water
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
20
Q
Meat is never involved in transmission of infections since fermentation of meat kills
agents
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
21
Q
Some infective agents are transmitted with eggs
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
22
Q
Germinative infection is more frequent in birds than in mammals.
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
23
Q
Germinative infection is very frequent in mammal
TRUE/FALSE?
A
FALSE
24
Q
Germinative infection is seen in mammals
TRUE/FALSE?
A
TRUE
25
Mammals can infect their offspring through milk
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
26
New-born animals cannot be infected from the milk thanks to the colostral antibodies
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
27
Intrauterine infection happens if the foetus is infected during pregnancy from the dam
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
28
Vertical infection does not occur in mammals
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
29
Horizontally infections happen only in birds
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
30
Germinative infection is frequent in mammals, it will result in malformation of the
foetuses
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
31
Galactogen infection cannot happen when the animals receive colostrum, since the antibodies in the colostrum prevent it
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
32
In the case of horizontal infection animals in the same group infect each other.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
33
Intra uterine infection can occur in pregnant animals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
34
Germinative infection can happen in birds
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
35
Galactogen infection is a form of horizontal infections.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
36
If the dam infects newborn animals, we speak about horizontal infection
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
37
Germinative infection can occur mainly in mammals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
38
In the case of galactogen infection the agent is transmitted by milk.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
39
In the case of horizontal infection the agent is spreading between animals of about the
same age.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
40
Horizontal infection does not occur in mammals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
41
Vertical infection does not occur in mammals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
42
Germinative infection does not occur in mammals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
43
Galactogen infection does not occur in mammals
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
44
In germinative infection, the placenta is infected by the mother during pregnancy.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
45
Germinative infection is a rare form of horizontal infection
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
46
In germinative infection, the newborn is infected through the milk.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
47
Zoonotic agents can cause disease in animals and humans
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
48
In the case of cyclozoonoses arthropods are responsible for maintaining the infections
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
49
If agents are passed from animals to humans, we speak about zoonosis
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
50
If humans infect animals we speak about metazoonoses
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
51
Cyclozoonoses require an arthropod for transmission.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
52
In the case of zoonotic diseases animals and humans can infect each other
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
53
In the case of saprozoonoses animals and humans are infected from the same source.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
54
In case of secondary infection, a bacterium infects an individual, which is already infected with a pathogen
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
55
In case of secondary infection, a new pathogen infects an already cured animal
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
56
In case of secondary infection, two pathogens infect the host simultaneously.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
57
In case of secondary infection, one of the agents is always a virus.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
58
Facultative pathogenic agents are helped by predisposing factors.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
59
Stenoxen agents have a wide host range.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
60
Euryxen agents have a wide host range
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
61
An euryxen agent can infect several host species
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
62
There is no minimum number of agents necessary to infection, because they can replicate in the host
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
63
Mutations generally result decrease of the virulence.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
64
Immunogenicity of the different agents is different
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
65
There is a minimum number of each agent that is necessary to infect animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
66
A minimum amount of bacteria or viruses is needed to a successful infection
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
67
Virulence of an agent can be characterized with its LD50 value
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
68
Pathogenicity means the ability of the agent to cause disease.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
69
Virulence means the level of pathogenicity.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
70
The amount of the agent does not influence the outcome of the infection, since it can
replicate in the host
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
71
In the case of optimal way of infection the least amount of agent can cause disease.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
72
The virulence of the agents is connected to virulence factors
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
73
Virulence is a stable characteristic of an agent
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
74
The way of the infection (entrance of the agents) can influence its outcome.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
75
Virulence of a bacterium or virus can be changed spontaneously.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
76
In case of a secondary infection the agent complicates a primary infection
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
77
Virulence of a bacterium or virus can be changed
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
78
The virulence factors help the agents in causing disease.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
79
Virulence variants can occur within a bacterium or virus species.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
80
Pathogenic variants can occur within a bacterium or virus species.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
81
Species specific resistance can be overcome by increasing the number of agents.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
82
Within a pathogenic species no avirulent strains can occur
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
83
Foetuses can have active immune response.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
84
Newborn animals have local immune response
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
85
Foetuses do not have immune reactions
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
86
Fetuses have no active immune response
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
87
The skin, mucous membranes and mucous are parts of the non specific resistance
system of the host
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
88
The normal microflora of the gut is essential for animals; they cannot live without it
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
89
Foetuses have no immune response; they appear only in 2-4 week old animals
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
90
The age of the animals does not influence their susceptibility to a certain agent
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
91
Susceptibility to a disease can be influenced by age.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
92
Certain medicines and agents can decrease the protection of the hosts
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
93
Species specific resistance means that certain agents cannot infect certain hosts
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
94
Species related resistance means that certain agents cannot cause infection in resistant host species
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
95
Animals cannot be infected with certain agents if they have species specific resistance
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
96
Certain animal species are resistant against certain agents
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
97
Chicken embryos are able to produce an immune response
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
98
Cellular immune response is very important in the case of viral diseases.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
99
Gastric juice can protect the host from infections
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
100
From 2nd trimester of pregnancy, the foetus produces an immune response against any antigen.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
101
There is no immune response in the foetus, only from 4 weeks after birth
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
102
Unfavourable environmental effects can predispose animals to diseases caused by facultative pathogenic agents
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
103
Nutrition of the animals can influence the appearance of infectious diseases
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
104
Environmental effects can influence the survival of the agents in the environment
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
105
Mycotoxins can suppress the activity of the immune system
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
106
Certain mycotoxins have immune suppressive effect
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
107
Overcrowding can help the spreading of several infectious diseases.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
108
Deserts can inhibit the spreading of several infectious diseases.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
109
Viruses causing generalised diseases generally replicate at the place of entry and in the regional lymph nodes.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
110
The lesions are at the place of entry of the agent in the case of local infections.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
111
In the case of a local infection the site of entry and the lesions are at the same place
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
112
Lesions can be seen in different organs in the case of generalised diseases.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
113
Intra uterine infection can result immune tolerance in the case of some diseases
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
114
Intra uterine infection can result embryonic death in the case of some diseases
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
115
Intra uterine infection does not occur since the placenta protects the foetus
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
116
Fetuses cannot be infested since the placenta completely isolates them
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
117
The incubation time is the time between the appearance of the clinical signs and death
of the animal
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
118
The incubation time is the time between infection and the appearance of clinical signs.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
119
The incubation time lasts from the infection till the manifestation of the clinical signs
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
120
Some infective agents have immunosuppressive effect
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
121
Some infective agents can cause malformation of fetuses
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
122
Subacute diseases last one or 2 days.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
123
Intra uterine infections does not occur in mammals since the agents cannot penetrate
the placenta.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
124
In the case of local infections the lesions can be seen at the site of entry.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
125
In the case of generalised infections the agent is generally spreading with blood.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
126
In the case of generalised infections the placenta prevents the infection of the foetus.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
127
Some agents can spread along the nerves.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
128
The agent does not replicate in dead end hosts
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
129
Dead end hosts do not show clinical signs, they die without signs
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
130
In the case of latent infection the agents are continuously shed
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
131
Latent infection happens when the genome of the agent is integrated in the genome of
the host
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
132
In the case of latent infections, the agents are continually shed
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
133
In latent infection, there is no virus shedding.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
134
Abortion is the main clinical sign of abortive infections
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
135
The animals do not carry the agent after recovery from an infectious disease because
the immune system eliminates it.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
136
Tolerated infections result in high level of immune reaction.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
137
Infection before self-recognition of the immune system can result tolerated infections
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
138
Infected animals have a high level of antibodies in the case of tolerated infections
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
139
The agent is not shed in the case of inapparent infections
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
140
Dead end hosts do not shed the agent
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
141
Asymptomatic infections can become manifest
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
142
Formation of immune complexes can be a consequence of persistent viral infection
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
143
When the clinical signs disappear, shedding the agent is finished
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
144
In the case of an abortive infection no clinical signs will be seen
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
145
In the case of latent infection only mild clinical signs will be seen
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
146
Animals with tolerated infection shed the agent
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
147
Only animals showing clinical signs can shed infective agents.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
148
In case of inapparent infections no clinical signs can be seen
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
149
Latent infection is common in the case of Gram-positive bacteria.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
150
In the case of inapperent infections seropositivity can be seen.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
151
Inapparent infections cannot be detected in laboratory examinations
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
152
In case of abortive infection, the animal always aborts
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
153
In case of subclinical infection, the animals can shed the agent.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
154
Tolerated infection can be demonstrated only by serology.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
155
Abortive infection can be demonstrated only by serology
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
156
During a tolerated infection the animals are seropositive.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
157
In the case of latent infection no clinical signs can be seen.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
158
Asymptomatic infections cannot be manifest.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
159
Animals do not carry the agents after recovery from an infectious disease.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
160
Mortality shows the percentage of dead animals compared to the size of the herd.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
161
Mortality show what proportion of the diseased animals die.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
162
Morbidity shows the percentage of dead animals compared to the size of the herd
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
163
Lethality shows the percentage of dead animals compared to the number of diseased
ones.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
164
Lethality shows the number of died animals compared to the total number of the herd.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
165
Prevalence shows the number of diseased animals compared to the total number of the
herd.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
166
Mortality shows the proportion of dead animals compared to the number of diseases
ones.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
167
Monitoring is routine collection of data on a disease.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
168
Pandemic diseases are fast spreading ones; they are fast transmitted between continents
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
169
Pandemic diseases are spreading fast around the Earth.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
170
Pandemic disease occurs in large areas, continents.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
171
Endemic diseases occur in a small, limited area including a farm, some farms or a village.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
172
Epidemic diseases are fast spreading; they are fast transmitted between continents
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
173
Pandemic diseases have no tendency to spread
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
174
Epidemic diseases are spreading in a larger geographical area e.g. in several countries.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
175
Contagious diseases are spreading from one animal to the other
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
176
Lethality shows the ratio of dead animals and the total stock
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
177
Hemagglutination inhibition test is used for the detection of antigens of certain agents.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
178
Genome of agents is detected with PCR
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
179
Antigens of certain agents can be detected using PCR
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
180
Surface antigens of certain agents are detected with ELIZA or PCR
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
181
Infective agents can be detected 2-3days after infection using serological tests
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
182
Virus Neutralisation test is used for the detection of antigens of the virus
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
183
Serological tests are used for the detection of antibodies
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
184
MATSA is used in laboratory diagnosis
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
185
MATSA is a form of disease
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
186
Microscopic detection of agents is not used in diagnostic work anymore
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
187
If an animal is infected laboratory tests always detect the agent.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
188
The phase of the pathogenicity can influence the sensitivity of the laboratory tests.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
189
Using serological tests, we detect the antibodies produced against the agent
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
190
Using virus neutralization test we detect the antibodies produced against the agent.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
191
Polymerase chain reaction is used for the detection of antigens of the agent
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
192
Post mortem lesions help in setting up a preliminary diagnosis.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
193
Epidemiological data help in setting up a preliminary diagnosis.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
194
Microscopic examination of samples is not used in the diagnosis of infectious diseases
any more
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
195
Antibacterial treatment is forbidden in the EU in the case of viral diseases.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
196
Individual and mass treatment can be combined in the case of some infectious diseases
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
197
Hyperimmune serum can be used for aetiological treatment of certain diseases
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
198
No aetiological treatment is available in the case of viral diseases
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
199
Mass treatment using antibiotics is not allowed in the EU
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
200
Antibiotics can be used for the aetiological treatment in case of bacterial disease
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
201
All bacterial agents can be eradicated with antibiotic treatment
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
202
Antibacterial treatment is used in the case of viral diseases in order to prevent bacterial
complications
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
203
Antibiotics are used for the treatment of some viral diseases to prevent secondary
infections
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
204
Antibiotics are generally used to the aetiological treatment of diseases caused by
bacteria.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
205
Use of antibiotics in the case of diseases caused by viruses is not allowed because of
antibiotic resistance.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
206
Treatment of certain infectious diseases is prohibited.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
207
Symptomatic treatment is recommended because it can support healing of the diseased
animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
208
In case of viral diseases, no antibiotics are given.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
209
Antibiotics may be used only until the disappearance of the clinical signs
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
210
Only diseased animals have to be treated with antibiotics to prevent resistance.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
211
There is no anti-viral therapy.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
212
Aetiological treatment with anti-bacterial is done, in the case of bacterial diseases.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
213
Using hyperimmune sera is usually not justifiable.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
214
In case of import of animals into a farm, animals in the quarantine must be tested for infections
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
215
In case of import of animals into a farm, animals in the quarantine must only be observed, there is nothing to do with them if they do not show clinical signs
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
216
Only eggs from the same flock are allowed to be hatches in one hatching machine
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
217
Eggs of different species can be hatched together; they cannot infect each other thanks
to the different hatching time.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
218
All-in-all-out is an important principle in prevention of infectious diseases.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
219
Isolation of age groups is an important way of prevention of infectious diseases.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
220
”All-in-all-out” principle is a general epidemiological rule
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
221
Isolated keeping of different animal species can prevent the spreading of infectious
diseases
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
222
Isolated keeping of different age groups of the same species cannot prevent spreading of infectious diseases since all animals of the same species are susceptible to the same
agents
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
223
Day-old birds cannot be infected in the hatchery because they are protected by yolk Immunity
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
224
The immunoglobulin content of the colostrum is continuously decreasing after farrowing
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
225
Maternal antibodies can inhibit the active immune response.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
226
There is no maternal protection in birds
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
227
Maternal protection occurs only in mammals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
228
Colostrum is the main way of maternal protection in the case of animals with epitheliochorial placenta.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
229
The half-life of the heterologous hyperimmune serum is about 7-10 days.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
230
The half-life of the heterologous hyperimmune serum is about 2-3 weeks
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
231
Animals having epitheliochorial placenta receive maternal antibodies only through the
placenta
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
232
Animals having epitheliochorial placenta receive maternal antibodies only through the
colostrum
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
233
Enteral lymphocytes of the dam can be transferred to the offspring in colostrum
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
234
The immunoglobulin content of the colostrum is influenced by the nutrition of the dam
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
235
The protein and antibody content of the colostrum is stable in the first week after
calving
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
236
Absorption of maternal antibodies from the colostrum in the first three days is not
changing
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
237
Colostrum is not important in protection of calves since the antibodies can go through
the placenta
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
238
Colostrum is the only way of receiving maternal protection in calves
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
239
The immunoglobulin content of the colostrum is not changed in the first week after birth
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
240
Calves can absorb maternal antibodies for a week after birth
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
241
Maternal antibodies can inhibit certain immunization
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
242
New-born animals cannot be infected from the milk thanks to the colostral antibodies
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
243
The colostrum contains maternal lymphocytes.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
244
The protein content of the colostrum remains high for the first two weeks after giving
birth.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
245
The immune globulin content of the colostrum remains high for the first week after giving birth.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
246
The enteral absorption of immune globulins is decreasing after birth.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
247
Maternal antibodies can decrease the efficacy of vaccination.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
248
The immune globulin concentration of the colostrum decreases sharply after birth.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
249
The enteral absorption of immunoglobulins is about the same for a week after birth
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
250
The maternal antibodies can decrease the immune response against vaccines.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
251
Enteral lymphocytes can get from the dam to the newborn animal with colostrum.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
252
Animals with epitheliochorial placenta have maternal immunity only from colostrum.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
253
The endotheliochorial placenta prevents to transport of immunoglobulins to the foetus
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
254
Homologous hyperimmune serum can provide about a year-long protection.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
255
Strains used in marker vaccines can be differentiated from the field strains.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
256
Avirulent strains can be used in live vaccines
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
257
The health state of the vaccinated animals can influence the efficacy of the vaccination
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
258
Adjuvants in vaccines increase the shelf life of vaccines
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
259
Inactivated vaccines contain inactivated bacterial toxins
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
260
The method of vaccination has no effect on the efficacy of the vaccination
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
261
Adjuvants in vaccines increase the efficacy of vaccines
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
262
Attenuated strains can be used in live vaccines
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
263
Deletion vaccines can only be used as live vaccines.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
264
In the case of marker vaccines, the field strains and the vaccine strains can be differentiated
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
265
Inactivated vaccines can contain the whole agents or their components
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
266
The colostral immunoglobulins have no effect on the vaccination of the new born
animals
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
267
DIVA principle can only be used if the animals are vaccinated with deletion vaccines
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
268
According to DIVA principle, infected and vaccinated animals can be differentiated
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
269
Subunit vaccines contain only antigens of the agents
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
270
Certain parts of the genome are missing from deletion vaccine strains
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
271
Some genes are missing from the strains included in deletion vaccines
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
272
For safety reasons only inactivated vaccines are used
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
273
Live vaccines can contain strains with lower virulence.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
274
Live vaccines always contain avirulent agents.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
275
Live vaccines can contain attenuated strains.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
276
Live vaccines are less effective than the inactivated ones.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
277
Live vaccines are dangerous, they are not on the market any more.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
278
Live vaccines are not used in Europe any more.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
279
Live vaccines do not provide good immunity.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
280
Marker vaccines are used to mark the site of vaccination.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
281
It is not allowed to use inactivated deletion vaccines in the EU.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
282
Live vaccines contain attenuated or avirulent agents.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
283
The agent in a vaccine can influence the level of the immune response of vaccinated
animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
284
If deletion vaccines are used, vaccinated and infected animals can be differentiated
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
285
Using marker vaccines, vaccinated and infected animals can be differentiated
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
286
Use of marker vaccines can be combined with "test and remove" eradication
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
287
Marker vaccines are marked with dyes
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
288
The immune response produced by an attenuated vaccine is low.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
289
Some attenuated vaccine strains can be immunosuppressive
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
290
Attenuated vaccines induced a quick immune response
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
291
Vaccines containing attenuated strains are not used anymore
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
292
The amount of antigen in the vaccine has no effect on the efficacy of the vaccine
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
293
Eradication with selection method is not done nowadays
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
294
Newborn animals must be kept isolated when eradication with generation shift is used
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
295
Eradication with generation shift cannot be used if the level of infection is high in the herd
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
296
Eradication using generation shift method is mainly used in Poultry
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
297
Implantation of washed embryos from a non infected dam into infected one is a way of eradication
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
298
Implantation of washed embryos from a infected dam into non-infected one is a way of eradication
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
299
Eradication using the generation shift method is mainly used in pig herds
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
300
In the case of generation shift the infected animals must be slaughtered at the beginning
of the eradication procedure
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
301
Eradication using selection method can be combined with vaccination
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
302
In the case of generation shift the young animals must be isolated from the dam at the
age of 1-3 days
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
303
Eradication using the selection method is generally implemented in case of low level of infection
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
304
When eradication is made with selection method, the infected animals are removed
from the herd
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
305
Selection, generation shift and herd replacement can be used for eradication
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
306
Eradication using generation shift can be used in cattle herds
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
307
Caesarean section is the only way of birth when eradication is carried out using the SPF
method
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
308
Certain diseases can be eradicated with generation shift
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
309
Herd replacement is the cheapest way of eradication of a disease
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
310
Selection (test and slaughter) is a method of eradiation of a disease.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
311
Selection method can be used for eradication of infectious diseases, when we remove
infected animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
312
In the case of generation shift, newborn animals are separated from the dam and kept
isolated
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
313
Embryo transfer cannot be used for eradication, since the embryo can be infected
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
314
The selection method cannot be combined vaccination.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
315
Test and slaughter as an eradication method can be used in case of low level of
infection.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
316
There is no agent which can be eradicated by antibiotic treatment.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
317
In the case of generation shift newborn animals have to be kept isolated from the parent
animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
318
In the case of herd replacement, the herd is replaced with infection-free animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
319
In the case of selection method of eradication the infected animals are taken out of the herd.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
320
If eradication is made by selection method, vaccination is forbidden.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
321
Early weaning is necessary if generation shift method of eradication is used
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
322
Generation shift is a frequently used eradication method in swine.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
323
Generation shift is a method of eradication of a disease.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
324
In eradication by selective breeding, the seropositive animals are eliminated
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
325
In eradication by selective breeding, only the animals shedding the bacteria are
eliminated
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
326
In eradication by selective breeding, vaccination cannot be used.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
327
Eradication by selective breeding is not used anymore.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
328
Selection (test and remove) is not used to eradicate a disease anymore.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
329
There is no neutralizing epitope of parvoviruses
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
330
The reproduction of the parvovirus is continuous in the dividing cells.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
331
Parvoviruses are good antigen
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
332
Bocaviruses may cause mild respiratory or enteric diseases in newborn animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
333
Parvoviruses can be cultured in homologous, young dividing cell cultures.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
334
The resistance of Parvovirus is high, in the environment they remain infectious for
several months
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
335
Parvoviruses multiplicate only in rapidly dividing cells.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
336
SMEDI is caused by goose circovirus.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
337
SMEDI is caused by porcine circovirus
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
338
If 75-day-old swine foetuses are infected with parvovirus myoclonia congenital is a
clinical sign
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
339
If 75-day-old swine foetuses are infected with parvovirus respiratory clinical signs can
be seen in the piglets
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
340
The embryo can be infected with porcine parvovirus 1.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
341
Parvovirus rarely causes SMEDI in endemic farms
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
342
Swine parvovirus can cause foetal damages only if the infection takes place during the
pregnancy
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
343
Swine parvovirus occurs worldwide, most herds are seropositive.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
344
If 100-day-old swine foetuses are infected with parvovirus, respiratory clinical signs can
be seen.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
345
If 100-day-old swine foetuses are infected with parvovirus, weak piglets can be seen.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
346
If 100-day-old swine foetuses are infected with parvovirus, myoclonia congenital is a
clinical sign
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
347
If 100-day-old swine fetuses are infected with parvovirus, dermatitis is a clinical sign
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
348
SMEDI is caused by porcine parvovirus
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
349
If 15 day old swine foetuses are infected with parvovirus myoclonia congenital is a
clinical sign
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
350
If 100-day-old swine fetuses are infected with parvovirus, respiratory clinical signs can
be seen
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
351
If 75 day old swine foetuses are infected with parvovirus abortion can be seen
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
352
If 15 day old swine foetuses are infected with parvovirus mummification can be seen
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
353
The porcine parvovirus 1 causes renal disorders in adults
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
354
```
Porcine parvovirus (PPV 1) vaccinations start at or after 6 months of age
TRUE/FALSE?
```
TRUE
355
PPV 1 is transmitted through the fecal-oral route
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
356
PPV 1 is endemic in most pig herds
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
357
Porcine parvovirus 4 is usually involved in reproductive disorders
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
358
Swine parvovirus is shed in the faeces for some weeks after contracting the infection
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
359
The maternal immunity against porcine parvovirus lats for a very long time
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
360
PCR is used for the detection of antibodies against porcine parvovirus 1
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
361
Porcine SMEDI can only be induced by parvoviruses
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
362
PPV-1 induces diarrhoea in suckling piglets.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
363
Neurological disorders are frequent in Porcine parvovirus infections
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
364
The primary site of Porcine parvovirus (PPV-1) replication is in the small intestine
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
365
Swine parvovirus usually causes foetal damages in first pregnant gilts.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
366
Swine parvovirus maternal antibodies can exist up to 6 to 12 months of age
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
367
The maternal immunity against porcine parvovirus lasts for very long time
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
368
Porcine parvovirus can cause neurological signs in sows
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
369
Porcine parvovirus frequently causes diarrhoea in piglets.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
370
For prevention of Porcine parvovirus caused fetal damages, live vaccines are available
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
371
Piglets of sows seroconverted by PPV-1 are maternally protected for months
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
372
Porcine parvoviruses are genetically uniform.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
373
```
Porcine parvovirus (PPV-1) infection of seronegative pregnant animals can damage the foetus
TRUE/FALSE?
```
TRUE
374
PPV-1 vaccination must be started at 4-6 weeks of age
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
375
Vaccination against canine parvovirus 2 is independent from maternal antibodies
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
376
Vaccination against canine parvovirus 2 depends on maternal antibodies
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
377
The parvovirus enteritis of dogs is caused by canine parvovirus 1
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
378
The parvovirus enteritis of dogs is caused by canine parvovirus 2
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
379
The parvoviral enteritis of dogs is type 3 hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
380
Maternal antibodies against canine parvovirus can protect puppies for 8 weeks
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
381
Maternal antibodies against canine parvovirus can protect dogs for about 2 years
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
382
The replication of canine parvovirus 2 is in the crypt cells of large intestine
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
383
The replication of canine parvovirus 2 is in the crypt cells of small intestine
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
384
Maternal antibodies of dogs protect not longer than 2 weeks in the case of parvoviral
enteritis of dog
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
385
Canine parvoviruses do not infect cats
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
386
Canine parvovirus attack lymphoid cells
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
387
Canine parvovirus is shed with the feces.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
388
Canine parvovirus can replicate in the myocardium of young pups
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
389
Older dogs are usually sero-positve for Canine Parvo virus.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
390
Canine parvoviruses are shed in high concentrations with the faeces.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
391
Subtypes of Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) cause panleukopenia in cats.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
392
Canine herpesvirus infection can cause abortion.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
393
Dog parvovirus caused enteritis most frequently affects young dogs, less than one year
old.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
394
For prevention of Canine parvovirus enteritis, live attenuated virus vaccines are used.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
395
Dog parvovirus can cause myocarditis in young puppies
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
396
Dog parvovirus enteritis is nowadays very rare.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
397
Dog parvovirus can be detected directly from Faeces
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
398
Dog parvovirus can be detected directly from Sera, Saliva. Foetus
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
399
Canine parvovirus infection of susceptible dogs results in high mortality
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
400
Older dogs are usually seropositive for Canine parvovirus (CPV2) subtypes
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
401
Leukopenia is characteristic for successful CPV-2 infections.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
402
Canine parvovirus diseases are similar to that caused by Pantropic coronaviruses.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
403
Maternal antibodies usually protect for 2-3 weeks against Canine parvovirus disease
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
404
Canine parvoviruses form a single antigenic group.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
405
Maternal antibodies against cat parvovirus protect only till 2 weeks age.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
406
Maternal antibodies against cat parvovirus can protect till 4 months age
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
407
Feline panleukopenia infection can cause fever
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
408
Feline panleukopenia may be caused by canine parvovirus
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
409
Feline panleukopenia is present worldwide
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
410
Hyperimmune serum can be used for the treatment of feline panleukopenia
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
411
Feline panleukopenia virus infection of dogs may cause acute diarrhea
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
412
Feline panleukopenia viruses may infect dogs
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
413
The incubation period of Cat panleukopenia is short, usually 3 to 5 days
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
414
Cat panleukopenia virus can infect only cats.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
415
Cat panleukopenia virus causes disease only in cats.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
416
To cat panleukopenia virus only cats are susceptible
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
417
Cat panleukopenia virus can cause abortion in pregnant cats.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
418
Cat panleukopenia virus can cause disease also in Mustelidae species
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
419
Vaccinations against Feline panleukopenia usually start at or after 2 months of age.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
420
Europe is free of Feline panleukopenia
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
421
The mink enteritis is a type 2 hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
422
Mink parvovirus enteritis is characterized by fever and high mortality.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
423
For prevention of Parvovirus Mink Enteritis, live attenuated vaccines are available.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
424
Mink parvovirus enteritis appears as bloody diarrhoea
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
425
Aleutian mink disease and mink enteritis are caused by the same virus.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
426
Aleutian mink disease is caused by protoparvovirus, like cat parvovirus F
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
427
Aleutian mink disease virus causes enteritis
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
428
Vaccines are available against Aleutian mink disease.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
429
Vaccines are used to prevent Aleutian Mink Disease
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
430
Aleutian mink disease is caused by cat parvovirus
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
431
Aleutian mink disease is a type III hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
432
Aleutian mink disease is a type IV hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
433
Aleutian mink disease is a type I hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
434
Aleutian disease is a parvovirus caused immunocomplex disease of minks.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
435
Attenuated vaccines can be used against Aleutian mink disease
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
436
Inactivated vaccines are used against Aleutian mink disease
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
437
Live vaccines are used against Aleutian Mink Disease.TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
438
Aleutian mink disease can induce interstitial pneumonia in young animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
439
Aleutian mink disease virus induces enteritis in older minks
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
440
Aleutian mink disease virus can infect ferrets.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
441
Ferrets can also be infected by the Aleutian Mink Disease virus.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
442
The Aleutian Mink Disease is usually acute
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
443
Aleutian Mink Disease occurs only in the US
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
444
Aleutian Mink Disease is due to formation of immunocomplexes
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
445
Enteritis is a clinical sign of Aleutian Mink Disease.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
446
The Derzsy's disease virus causes pneumonia
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
447
The Derzsy's disease virus can infect ducks
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
448
Ascites can be a clinical sign of Derzskys disease
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
449
Derszys disease is caused by a polyomavirus
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
450
The Derzsy's disease virus causes conjunctivitis
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
451
The Derzsy's disease virus causes tiger stripes on the heart
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
452
Typical clinical signs of the Derzsy’s disease are results of infection below 5 weeks of
age
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
453
Infection below 5 weeks of age results in severe clinical signs of the Derzsy’s disease
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
454
The primary site of replication of Derzsy’s disease virus is the gut
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
455
The Derzsy’s disease virus may induce diarrhea in growing geese
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
456
Derzsy's disease virus can cross into the egg
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
457
Derzsy's disease may occur both in geese and Muscovy chucks
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
458
Goose parvovirus can spread both horizontally and vertically
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
459
For prevention of goose parvovirus disease, both live attenuated and inactivated
vaccines are used
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
460
For prevention of Derzsy's disease both live and inactivated vaccines are used.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
461
Derzsy's disease appears clinically most frequently in geese aged from one to four
weeks
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
462
Derzsy's disease virus causes enteritis in growing geese.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
463
Derzsy's disease virus does not infect the egg
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
464
The Derzsy's disease virus can infect ducks
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
465
The duck parvovirus can infect goose
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
466
The reproduction of the circovirus continuous in the dividing cells.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
467
The circovirus is too small so it’s a bad antigen
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
468
The circovirus is a good antigen
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
469
Circovirus infections are immune suppressive
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
470
Circovirus can easily be cultured in different homologous cell lines.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
471
Circoviruses can be cultured easily in many cell lines
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
472
Resistance of circovirus is very low, in the environment they are inactivated within a day
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
473
The resistance of Circoviruses is high, they remain infectious in the environment for several
months
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
474
Causes generalized lymphoid depletion.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
475
Only causes the depletion of B-lymphocytes.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
476
Canine circoviruses are present worldwide.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
477
Circovirus are very resistant viruses
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
478
The circovirus has circular RNA in its genome.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
479
Swine circovirus causes lesions in multiple organs and strong immunosuppression.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
480
Porcine circovirus can be transmitted by mice and rats
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
481
Porcine circovirus vaccines are available both for sows and for piglets
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
482
Detection of PCV2’s DNA is enough for the correct diagnosis
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
483
Four species of swine circovirus were described.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
484
The porcine circovirus 2 is proven to be immunosuppressive.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
485
PCV2 detection in foetal myocardium is pathognomic value.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
486
Porcine circovirus replicates in the myocardium of the foetus
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
487
In pigs the porcine circovirus 2 can cause BFD
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
488
The porcine circovirus can replicate in the foetus
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
489
The clinical signs, pathological and histopathological examination suggest PCV2 induced disease
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
490
PCV2 can cause respiratory signs
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
491
The primer replication of PCV2 is in lymphoid tissues of the throat
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
492
PCV2 infection does not always cause clinical sign
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
493
Porcine circovirus 2 always causes clinical signs in pigs
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
494
Porcine circovirus 2 always causes clinical signs in cattle
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
495
There is no efficient vaccine against PCV2
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
496
The porcine circovirus can replicate in the foetus
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
497
Circovirus in pigs can be Subclinical.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
498
Porcine circoviruses are responsible for a variety of clinical conditions
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
499
Porcine circoviruses cannot be responsible for reproductive disorders
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
500
Porcine circoviruses are present worldwide
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
501
Porcine circovirus can be transmitted by mice and rats
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
502
Porcine circoviruses cause severe haemorrhagic diseases in pigs
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
503
Porcine circoviruses are genetically and antigenically uniform
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
504
Porcine circoviruses may cause a variety of diseases
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
505
For prevention of Swine circovirus disease only general hygienic measures can be used.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
506
Swine circovirus can cause retarded growth and strong immunosuppression.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
507
Swine circovirus caused disease occurs worldwide, it is frequent
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
508
For prevention of swine circovirus disease, inactivated vaccine is available
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
509
Swine circovirus causes only respiratory signs.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
510
Swine circovirus may be shed in excretions for several months after recovery
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
511
For prevention of Porcine circovirus disease vaccines are available
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
512
The incubation period of Porcine circovirus caused disease is about 2-4 weeks.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
513
Incubation period of porcine circovirus disease is short, some days.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
514
Porcine circovirus-2 causes clinical signs mainly after weaning
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
515
Predisposing factors for Porcine Circovirus associated disease can be: Vaccines. The virus
variant. Virus strain
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
516
Predisposing factors for Porcine Circovirus associated disease can be Food management
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
517
PCV2 can cause: Enteric disorders. Disorders in the nervous system. Respiratory disease. Reproductions disorders
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
518
Porcine circovirus-1 may damage the foetus
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
519
Porcine circoviruses cannot be responsible for reproductive disorders.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
520
Porcine circoviruses replicate in the heart of the foetus
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
521
Porcine circovirus may cause inapparent infections.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
522
Circovirus can be responsible for the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
523
Reproductive disorders caused by Porcine circoviruses are only significant in North America
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
524
Circovirus cause skin lesions in swine.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
525
A clinical sign of PMWS can be a progressive weight loss
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
526
PMWS is a type 3 hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
527
PMWS is a type 4 hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
528
One of the most common pathological signs of PMWS is glomerulonephritis
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
529
Typical pathological finding of PMWS is enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
530
Typical pathological finding of PMWS is pneumonia
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE (?)
531
A clinical sign of PMWS can be haemorrhages in the skin
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
532
In pigs the porcine circovirus 1 can cause PMWS
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
533
In pigs the porcine circovirus 2 can cause PDNS
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
534
One of the most common pathological signs of PDNS is glomerulonephritis
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
535
PDNS is an allergic disease.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
536
The appearance of PDNS is related to the good antigenicity of PCV2
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
537
PDNS is a type III hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
538
PDNS is a type IV hypersensitivity
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
539
PDNS may develop without porcine circovirus 2
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
540
One of the most common clinical signs of PDNS is multifocal circular red skin disease
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
541
Porcine dermatitis nephropathy can only be caused by circoviruses.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
542
Porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome are only caused by PCV-2.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
543
PDNS disease is an immunocomplex disease
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
544
PDNS is only caused by PCV-1
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
545
PDNS does not occur in Hungary
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
546
PDNS occurs primarily in the weeks following the selection/weaning
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
547
PDNS is caused by both PCV-1 and PCV-2.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
548
PDNS is not caused by PCV
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
549
PDNS has been widespread in Hungary in Hungary since 1998.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
550
PDNS is a rare infection causing clinical signs only in piglets before weaning
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
551
PDNS is a frequent infection with clinical signs after weaning
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
552
Prevention of PDNS is with live attenuated vaccines
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
553
Regarding PDNS, general preventative rules and recently inactivated or vector
vaccination can be used
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
554
In pigs the porcine circovirus 2 can cause BFD
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
555
Avian circovirus causes clinical signs similar to those seen in PMWS.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
556
Avian circovirus causes clinical signs similar to those seen in PDNS.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
557
The pigeon circovirus is not an important disease because the virus causes feather and
beak deformities
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
558
The beak and feather diseases causes typically neurological signs
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
559
In parrots porcine circovirus 2 causes the psittacine beak and feather disease
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
560
The beak and feather disease can be acute problem
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
561
Feather and beak deformities may appear after circovirus infection of geese and pigeons
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
562
Beak and feather disease lesions are sometimes obvious only after molting
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
563
Avian circovirus infections result high morbidity and low mortality.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
564
Pigeon circoviruses are antigenically uniform.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
565
Pigeon circoviruses frequently appear in diseases together with other viruses and
bacteria
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
566
Circovirus in geese and ducks can cause retarded growth and feather formation
disturbances
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
567
Avian circoviruses do not cause clinical signs in domestic birds.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
568
In ducks and geese, Avian circoviruses can cause retarded growth and
immunosuppression
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
569
Avian circoviruses can spread via breeder eggs
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
570
Avian circoviruses do not cause disease in wild birds.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
571
Avian circoviruses are species specific.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
572
Avian circoviruses can infect many poultry species.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
573
Avian circoviruses can cause retarded growth and immunosuppression
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
574
Inactivated vaccines are used against pigeon circovirus infections.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
575
Pigeon circovirus infections do not occur in Hungary, the disease is prevented by
vaccination.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
576
Circoviruses can infect pigeons
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
577
Vaccines are available for Pigeon Circoviruses.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
578
Clinical signs of PBFDV (Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Virus) are only seen at time of moulting
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
579
The chicken infectious anaemia virus is also commonly detected in goose
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
580
Anaemia and haemorrhages are two important clinical signs of chicken anaemia.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
581
The chicken infectious anaemia is a chicken disease up to 1 month of age
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
582
The chicken infectious anaemia virus causes only anaemia
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
583
The chicken anaemia virus does not replicate in lymphoid progenitors
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
584
There are vaccines available against chicken anaemia
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
585
The chicken infectious anaemia is a disease of hens
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
586
The chicken infectious anaemia causes clinical signs similar to those seen in PDNS
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
587
Vertical infectious is not possible in chicken infectious anaemia
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
588
Infection of day old chickens with the chicken anaemia virus leads to immune
suppression
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
589
Chicken anaemia virus is transmitted both horizontally and vertically
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
590
Atrophy of the thymus is a post mortem finding of Chicken Infectious Anaemia virus.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
591
Infectious Chicken anaemia virus can cause clinical signs only in layer hens.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
592
Infectious chicken anaemia virus causes clinical signs in chicken of 1 to 4 weeks of age
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
593
For prevention of infectious chicken anaemia, live attenuated vaccine is available
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
594
Infection of day-old chickens with the chicken anaemia virus leads to immune
suppression.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
595
Chicken anaemia virus infection can result in high mortality of chickens over 3 weeks of age.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
596
In Chicken Infectious anaemia, most symptoms are observed in the first month
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
597
Chicken Infectious anaemia involves destruction of the lymphoid and myeloid cells.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
598
Chicken Infectious anaemia virus induces apoptosis of activated T-cells.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
599
Pigeons can be infected by Chicken Infectious anaemia virus.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
600
Chicken Infectious anaemia virus does not replicate in the thymus
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
601
Chicken Infectious anaemia in day old chickens causes a long-lasting immunosuppression
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
602
Chicken Infectious anaemia virus is a Gyrovirus
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
603
Chicken anaemia virus infection can cause death of chickens below 3 weeks of age
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
604
Rhodococcus equi causes mainly metritis and urinary tract infections
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
605
Only moderately virulent Rhodococcus equi strains can cause disease in foals.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
606
Immunocompromised humans are susceptible to Rhodococcus equi
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
607
Rhodococcus equi can cause aseptic arthritis in young foals
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
608
Rhodococcus equi can cause a disease mainly in swine:
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
609
Pneumonia of young foals caused by Rhodococcus equi can mainly be seen in summer time:
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
610
1 to 3 months old foals acquire Rhodococcus equi from the dust, so the main route of
infection is the inhalation of the dust contaminated with the causative agent
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
611
Rhodococcus equi infection is a notifiable disease.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
612
Rhodococcus equi can cause pneumonia and lymphadenitis in 6 to 18 months-old foals.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
613
Rhodococcus equi mainly causes CNS clinical signs in 1-4-month-old foals.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
614
Rhodococcus equi can cause abscesses.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
615
Rhodococcus equi can cause lesions only in horses.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
616
Rhodococcus equi can generally cause disease in foals above 6 months of age.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
617
Tetracyclines are the primary antibiotics for the treatment of diseases caused by
Rhodococcus equi.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
618
Rhodococcus equi can cause pneumonia in horses
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
619
Rhodococcus equi can cause disease mainly in foals between 1 and 4 months of age.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
620
Rhodococcus equi can cause lesions in the gut.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
621
There is widespread vaccination to prevent diseases caused by Rhodococcus equi.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
622
Rhodococcus equi can cause pneumonia in 1-3 years old foals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
623
Interstitial pneumonia is the main lesion caused by Rhodococcus equi in foals.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
624
Pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi can be successfully treated with colistin
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
625
Rhodococcus equi can cause lesions in humans.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
626
Pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi is typically seen in 1-4 months old foals.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
627
Rhodococcus equi causes interstitial pneumonia in foals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
628
Rhodococcus equi can cause only pneumonia in foals.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
629
Equine herpesvirus-2 can predispose horses to pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
630
Rhodococcus equi can cause suppurative bronchopneumonia in foals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
631
Bronchopneumonia caused by R. equi is typically seen in foals between 1 and 4 months of age
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
632
Combination of Rifampicin and Macrolides antibiotics is used for the treatment of bronchopneumonia caused by R. equi.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
633
Rhodococcus equi can cause pneumonia in foals of 5-6 months of age.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
634
Pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi is a chronic disease
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
635
Serous pneumonia is caused by Rhodococcus Equi.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
636
Pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi is treated with penicillin.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
637
Rhodococcus equi can cause clinical signs in humans
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
638
R. equi causes pneumonia in foals aged 6-8 months
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
639
R. equi pneumonia is transmitted from foal to foal.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
640
R. equi causes severe catarrhal pneumonia.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
641
Pneumonia caused by R. equi can be treated with rifampicin and erythromycin for 4-5 days
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
642
R. equi is an obligate anaerobic bacterium
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
643
R. equi causes high mortality in infected foals
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
644
R. equi can cause ulcerative enteritis
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
645
Rhodococcus equi is usually seen during the winter.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
646
R. equi causes pneumonia with large abscesses.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
647
R. equi pneumonia can be treated with rifampicin and erythromycin for 4-10 weeks.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
648
Foals suffering from Rhodococcus equi can be treated with any antibiotic
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
649
Pneumonia caused by R. equi is a fast spreading acute disease.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
650
Many of the clinically sick animals recover after treatment for R. equi infection.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
651
R. equi pneumonia is transmitted by inhalation of contaminated dust
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
652
R. equi cause purulent pneumonia.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
653
Dermatophilus congolensis is the agent of dermatophilosis.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
654
Dermatophilus congolensis causes ulcerative dermatitis in sheep.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
655
Dermatophilus congolensis can cause metritis in horses
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
656
Skin lesions have important role in the pathogenesis of dermatophilosis
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
657
Dermatophilus congolensis is mainly a human pathogen.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
658
The agents of dermatophilosis cannot survive in the environment, they are mainly transmitted by arthropods.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
659
Examination of skin caping under the microscope is important diagnostic method for the
diagnosis of dermatophilosis
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
660
Dermatophilus hyicus causes exudative dermatitis in piglets:
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
661
Heavy rain and wet skin surfaces are important predisposing factors in case of dermatophilosis
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
662
Treatment is not allowed in the case of dermatophilosis, eradication of the disease is our
primary aim.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
663
Treatment of dermatophilosis is based on antifungal agents.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
664
The most susceptible animal species which shows clinical signs of dermatophilosis is the dog
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
665
Dermatophilosis is more frequent in the tropical areas than in moderate climate
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
666
Dermatophilosis is caused by Dermatophilus bovis
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
667
The agent of dermatophilosis is resistant, it remains viable for several months in the environment.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
668
Serous dermatitis can be seen in the case of dermatophilosis.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
669
Dermatophilosis occurs only in tropical and subtropical regions.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
670
Dermatophilosis congolensis is the causative agent of dermatophilosis.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
671
The agent of dermatophilosis is not resistant, it cannot survive in environment.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
672
Focal necrosis in the parenchymal organs is a typical lesion of dermatophilosis.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
673
Dermatophilosis is more common in the tropical environment than in moderate climates
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
674
Dermatophilus bovis causes dermatophilosis.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
675
Serous dermatitis is the main clinical sign of dermatophilosis.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
676
At dermatophilosis in the parenchymal organs inflammatory-necrotic nodules can be
observed
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
677
The agent of Dermatophilosis can survive in the environment
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
678
Dermatophilosis can be diagnosed by staining a direct smear from the lesions.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
679
Dermatophilosis can be diagnosed by microscopic examination.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
680
Dermatophilosis can be generalized
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
681
Dermatophilosis can affects also birds and plants
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
682
Dermatophilosis occurs only in Africa.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
683
Focal inflammation in the liver is a typical lesion of dermatophilosis.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
684
Dermatophilosis is predisposed by wet skin
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
685
Lack of colostrum is an important predisposing factor in diseases in young animals caused by E. coli.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
686
Certain verotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains can be zoonotic.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
687
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains are responsible for oedema disease
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
688
Detection of virulence factors of E.Coli is important in the diagnostics diseases caused by
E.coli.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
689
E. coli can cause haemorrhagic enteritis of humans.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
690
faeces of asymptomatic cattle can be the source of infection with zoonotic Escherichia coli:
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
691
Per os antibiotics are recommended for the treatment of neonatal coli diarrhoea of calves
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
692
E. coli septicemia is caused by verotoxigenic strains
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
693
Fimbria can be virulence factors of E. coli strains.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
694
LT toxin can be virulence factor of some E. coli strains.
| TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
695
Enterotoxigenic E. coli strains cause diarrhoea in neonatal animals
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
696
The enterotoxigenic E. coli strains cause neonatal diarrhoea in calves and piglets.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
697
The enterotoxins of E. coli inhibit the protein synthesis.
| TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
698
The enterotoxigenic E. coli strains have fimbria as adhesins.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
699
The verotoxigenic E. coli strains cause septicaemia of calves.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
700
Endotoxins are the virulence factors of E. coli causing septicaemia.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
701
Fimbria is the virulence factor of enterotoxic E. coli strains.
TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
702
Verotoxins are the virulence factors of enterotoxic E. coli strains
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
703
Fimbria is the virulence factor of enteropathogenic E. coli strains.
TRUE/FALSE?
FALSE
