Master Flashcards
What are the 4 fundamental activities of software engineering
Specification
Development (design/implementation)
Validation
Evolution
What are the 2 categories of activities for software engineering
Process
Umbrella
What is heterogeneity
Distributed systems across networks with different devices
What is an average cost for software development
60% development
40% maintenance
What are the 5 framework activities for the generic process model
communication
planning
modeling
construction
deployment
what are the 5 umbrella activities for the generic process model
project tracking and control
risk management
quality assurance
configuration management
technical reviews
what are the 3 software process descriptions
products
roles
pre and post conditions
what is a variant of the waterfall model
the v-model
what are the 3 advantages of the waterfall model
plan-driven makes all activites of the process fully defined
high quality software due to detailed specs and docs
simple to implement
what are the 2 common evolutionary process models
prototyping
spiral model
what are the 2 disadvantages of prototyping
stakeholders get greedy and demand for an unmaintainble prototype as the final product
engineers forget compromises they made to get a prototype working and they become integral
What does the spiral model use prototypes for
risk reduction
what are the 3 activities of the requirements engineering process and what do each of them produce
elicitation and analysis -> system descriptions
specification -> user and system requirements
validation -> requirements document
what are the 4 design activities
architecture
database
interface
component selection
what is the standard processes for programming
there isnt one
what is another way of saying customer testing
acceptance testing
what are the 5 principles of agile development
customer involvement
incremental delivery
people not process
embrace change
maintain simplicity
what is the main goal of agile project management
make sure software is delivered on time and within the budget
what are the 3 phases of scrum
outline, planning, architecture
sprint cycles
complete user manuals and assess
what is the sprint review and retrospective focused on
product, process
what is the sweet spot of requirements volitility for agile devlopment
30-50% per month
what are the 3 non-functional requirements classifications
product
organizational
external
what is another word for discovery
elicitation
what are the 4 stages of elicitation
discovery
classification and organization
prioritization and negotiation
specification
what are the 4 perspectives of system modeling
external/context
interaction
structural
behavioral
what model deals with the external factors and boundaries
context
what 2 diagrams are good for interaction modeling
use cases
sequence
when do you create structural modals
when you are discussing/designing the system architecture
what is a simplified node in a state machine called which has more details by expanding it
superstate
what is good about model driven engineering (MDE)
abstraction is raised and development is more automated so that engineers need not be concerned with programming details (maybe this is for me rn)
what are the 3 model driven architecture models, in order
computation independent
platform independent
platform specific
what are the 4 views of software architecture
logical
physical
development
process
what are the 5 architectural patterns
Model-View-Controller (MVC)
Layered
Repository
Client-Server
Pipe and Filter
how much complexity of the solution to a problem is increased when the complexity of the problem increases
100% increase to the solution for 25% increase in the problem
what makes for a good module
high cohesion
low coupling
what is module cohesion
interaction within (good)
what is module coupling
interaction between modules (bad)
what are the 3 control structures
sequence
selection
iteration
what are the 5 design patterns
divide and conquer
information hiding
abstraction and encapsulation
high cohesion
low coupling
what is the key to successful program structuring
maximizing module independence
what are the 8 levels of cohesion, worst to best
coincidental (unrelated)
logical (actions similar)
temporal (unique sequences)
procedural (common sequences)
communication (sequences for 1 data)
sequential (1 sequence for 1 data)
functional (1 action)
informational (singular actions for 1 data)
what are the 6 levels of coupling, worst to best
content (direct)
common (random global)
external (structured global)
control (message)
stamp (some)
data
what are the 4 levels of reuse
abstraction
object
component
system
what are the 3 types of open source licenses
General Public License (GPL)
Lesser General Public License (LGPL)
Berkley Standard Distribution (BSD)
whats the difference between verification and validation
verification: are we building the product right
validation: are we building the right product
what is the aim of V&V
establish confidence that the system is “fit for purpose”
what cant inspections do
check for non-functional characteristics like performance
what is black box testing also called
functional testing
what is openness for distributed systems
interoperability due to using standards, agility/adaptability
what is scaling up vs out
up: performance
out: more systems
what are the 2 types of interaction in distributed systems
procedural (wait)
message-based
what is the difference between SaaS and SOA
SaaS holds data and transactions are large
Software Oriented Architecture are microservices
what does REST stand for
Representational State Transfer
what are the 4 steps of risk management
identification
analysis (probability & impact)
planning
monitoring
what are the 4 people management factors
consistency (favoritism)
respect (skills)
inclusion (listen)
honesty (transparent)
what are the 3 personality types
task-oriented (doing)
interaction-oriented (people)
self-oriented (achieving)
what are the 4 configuration management activities
version management
system building
change management
release management
what is the x-line hierarchy in versioning starting from the biggest
mainline
baseline
codeline
what are the 2 types of version control systems
centralized
distributed (git)
