Massage Flashcards
1
Q
Pathway of Digestion
A
1) Mouth and Pharynx
2) Esophagus
3) Stomach
4) Small Intestine
5) Large Intestine
6) Liver and Gallbladder**
7) Pancreas**
* *accessory organs
2
Q
Mouth and Pharynx’s role in digestion
A
Mastication=chewing
saliva=libricant to help food travel GI tract, begin chemical digestion
saliva contains amylase-enzyme that breaks down starches
3
Q
Amylase
A
1st chemical that food encounters enzyme that breaks down starches
4
Q
Changing names of food through digestion system
A
Food > Bolus/Chyme > Feces
5
Q
Esophagus
A
muscular tube posterior to the trachea that connects the pharynx to the stomach
6
Q
6 Functions of the Digestive System
A
1) ingestion–food comes in
2) secretion–saliva chemicals release to break it down
3) digestion–taking what we can
4) motility–move the stuff through
5) absorption–nutrients and fluid blending into body
6) elimination–leave the body
7
Q
Pepsin
A
protein-digesting enzyme secreted in the stomach
8
Q
Chyme
A
semiliquid substance formed in stomach from food and gastric juices mixing
9
Q
Small Intestine
A
most digestion and absorption happens here
3 segments: duodenum, jejunum, ileum
10
Q
Large Intestine (name sections)
A
cecum>ileocecal valve>ascending colon>hepatic flexure>transverse colon>splenic flexure>descending colon>sigmoid colon>colon>rectum>anal canal
Peristalsis moves food along
11
Q
Liver and Gallbladder
A
Liver’s lobes divided into functional units called lobules made up of hepatocytes (secrete bile–focus on fats/lipids)
Gallbladder delivers bile
Liver is nutrient storage facility–converts glycogen into glucose
Filters and detoxifies blood
Liver’s roles: digestive, storage, metabolic
12
Q
Pancreas
A
enzymes from pancreas are transported to the duodenum, where they are active in the chemical digestion of proteins, fats, and carbs
13
Q
Rugae
A
folds in the inner-mucosal layer of the stomach to allow it to expand
14
Q
Hydrochloric Acid
A
acid released in the stomach to begin the breakdown of proteins and destroy pathogens
15
Q
Peristalsis
A
a series of wave-like contractions and relaxation in the smooth muscle layer, which propels food along the GI tract
16
Q
Medullary Cavity
A
Cavity inside long bone.
Endosteum lines this ___. In adults it is filled with yellow bone marrow.
17
Q
3 Portions of a Longbone
A
epiphysis–end of long bone, contains red bone marrow
metaphysics–neck of bone, where epiphyseal plate “growth plate”
diaphysis–main shaft
18
Q
2 Types of Bone Tissue
A
Compact bone tissue aka cortical–made up of osteons
Spongey Bone aka cancellous
19
Q
Osteogenic Cells
A
The only bone cell capable of mitosis (cell division)
genic= to produce
20
Q
Osteocyte
A
Mature bone cell
cyte=cell
21
Q
Osteoclasts
A
Bone Destroyers
clast=to break or destroy (think catastrophe)
22
Q
Osteoblasts
A
Bone Builders
Blasts=germinate, bud, grow
23
Q
Ossification
A
bone formation
24
Q
Deposition
A
building up of new bone tissue
25
Resorption
breakdown of bone tissue
26
Remodeling
natural cycle that bones undergo to grow and repair themselves
27
General History of Massage
15,000 BCE: European cave art depict healing touch
3,000 BCE: Oldest book on massage--China
2,500 BCE: Egyptian paintings
776 BCE: massage before sporting events
460-375 BCE: Hippocrates "Father of Western Medicine" spoke about massage
100-40 BCE: Julius Cesar used massage to help epilepsy and neuralgia
100 CE: first schools of massage developed
Middle Ages (1300-1400): "folk healers" using massage persecuted in West
1517-1590: massage used for joint stiffness and post-saving wound healing
28
History of Swedish Massage
1776-1839: Henrik Ling-Swedish physiologist, gymnast, fencing
1839-1909: Johann Metzger: medical profession accepted massage
1856: Two Taylor brothers wrote American textbook on massage
1852-1943: Dr. John Harvey Kellogg published magazine to popularize massage
scandals of late 1800s: brothels
1894: formed Society of Trained Masseuses
1920s: Chartered Society of Massage Medical Gymnastics
1960s: mixed messages with "Massage parlors"
1970s-80s: massage seen as luxury
1990s: accepted more by medical profession
1992: National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork
29
Trochanter (Bony Landmark)
A large blunt process ex. greater _____ of femur
30
Head (Bony Landmark)
A large rounded end of a long bone, usually set off from the rest of the bone by a "neck". ex. the ___ of the humerus or femur
31
Crest (Bony Landmark)
A prominent ridge ex. illiac ___
32
Fossa (Bony Landmark)
A basin-like depression in a bone ex. supraspinous
33
Epicondyle (Bony Landmark)
A bump above a condyle ex. the medial and lateral ___ of the humerus are located above the medial and lateral condyles of the humerus
34
Notch (Bony Landmark)
A deep indentation in a bone ex. sciatic ____
35
Angle (Bony Landmark)
A diverging of 2 bony edges from common point ex. superior and inferior ____ of the scapula
36
Tubercle (Bony Landmark)
A small bump ex. greater or lesser ____ of humerus
37
Tuberosity (Bony Landmark)
A large, often rough bump ex. ischial ____
38
Line (Bony Landmark)
A ridge that doesn't stick up very far ex. the ____ aspera of the femur
39
Process (Bony Landmark)
A broad designation for bump on a bone ex. mastoid ____, xiphoid _____
40
Foramen (Bony Landmark)
A hole in a bone ex. ____ magnum on a skull, ____ on sacrum
41
Spine (Bony Landmark)
An abrupt or pointed projection
| ex. the ___ of the scapula, the anterior superior iliac ____
42
Facet (Bony Landmark)
A smooth, mostly flat surface on a bone
| ex. the ____ of the vertebrae
43
Condyle (Bony Landmark)
the rounded end of a long bone, usually not set off by a neck, usually smaller than a head
ex. the medial and lateral ____ of the femur
44
Axial Skeleton
80 bones: skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum
45
Appendicular Skeleton
126 bones: clavicle to arm, illiam, pubis, ischium to leg
46
Planes of the body
Sagital, Coronal/Frontal, Transverse
Sagital: cuts right and left
Coronal: cuts front and back
Transverse: cuts top and bottom (inferior=caudal, superior=cephalic)
47
Benefits of Massage
relaxation
feels good
increases circulation-relaxes muscle spasms, relieves tension, improve muscle tone, return blood flow to heart
prevent or delay muscle atrophy from forced inactivity
stimulates lymphatic circulation--help elimination of wastes and toxic debris
may help movement of intestine, reduce constipation
stretch fascia, increase ROM
prevent formation of adhesions
decrease inflammation
alleviate pain
reduce insomnia
reduce sense of isolation
release repressed emotional energy
48
Cautions and Contraindications of Massage
broken skin, rashes, skin infections
inflammation (tendinitis, sprain, post-injury, swelling)
pain beyond "good hurt" of massage
lack of sensory feeling (diabetes, neuropathy)
varicose veins
gastritis, stomach ulcers
49
Ida Rolf
Rolfing, contributed to Deep Tissue
50
Janet Travell
Trigger Point Therapy
51
Margaret Knott and Dorothy Vass
wrote book on Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
52
sign vs. symptom
sign: objective indication of disease that is usually measurable
symptom: subjective indicator of disease that is not easily measured or quantified
53
Erector Spinae Group Origin
Common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar and last 2 thoracic vertebrae
54
Erector Spinae Group Action
Unilaterally: Laterally Flex vertebral column to the same side
Bilaterally: Extend the vertebral column
55
Erector Spinae Group Insertion
Various attachments at the posterior ribs, spinous and transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae and mastoid processes of temporal bone
56
Hamstrings Semitendinosus Origin
Ischial tuberosity
57
Hamstrings Semitendinosus Insertion
Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
58
Hamstrings Semitendinosus Action
Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Medially rotate the flexed knee (T/F joint)
Extend the hip (coral joint)
Assist to medially rotate the hip (coral joint)
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
59
Hamstrings Semimembranosus Action
Flex the knee (T/F joint)
Medially route the flexed knee (T/F joint)
Extend the hip (coral joint)
Assist to medially rotate the hip (coral joint)
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
60
Triceps Brachii Origin
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: posterior surface of proximal half of humerus
Medial head: posterior surface of distal half of the humerus
61
Triceps Brachii Action
all heads: extend the elbow (humeroulnar joint)
long head: extend the shoulder (glenohumeral joint)
adduct the shoulder (gH joint)
62
Triceps Brachii Insertion
olecranon process of the ulna
63
Rhomboids Origin
Major: spinous processes of T2-T5
Minor: spinous processes of C7-T1
64
Rhomboids Insertion
Major: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
Minor: upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from spine of the scapula
65
Rhomboids Major and Minor Action
Adduct the scapula (ST joint)
Elevate the scapula
Downwardly rotate the scapula
66
Rotator Cuff Muscles: Teres Minor Action
Laterally rotate the shoulder (gH)
Adduct the shoulder (gH)
Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity
67
Rotator Cuff Muscles: Teres Minor Origin
Upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula
68
Rotator Cuff Muscles: Teres Minor Insertion
Greater tubercle of the humerus
69
Sternocleidomastoid Origin
Sternal head: Top of manubrium
| Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of the clavicle
70
Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
Mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput
71
Sternocleidomastoid Action
Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to same side. Rotate the head and neck to opposite side (contralateral rotator)
Bilaterally: Flex the neck. Assist to elevate the ribcage during inhalation.
72
Quadratus Lumborum Origin
Posterior iliac crest
73
Quadratus Lumborum Insertion
Last rib and transverse processes of first through 4th lumbar vertebrae
74
Quadratus Lumborum Action
Unilaterally: Laterally tilt (elevate) the pelvis. Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side.
Bilaterally: Assist to extend the vertebral column. Fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation.
75
Pectoralis Minor Action
Depress the scapula
Abduct the scapula
Downwardly rotate the scapula
w/ the scapula fixed: assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation
76
Pectoralis Minor Origin
3rd, 4th, 5th ribs
77
Pectoralis Minor Insertion
Medial surface of coracoid process of scapula
78
Trapezius Action
Bilaterally: Extend the head and neck
Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to same side
Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side (contralateral rotator)
Elevate the scapula (ST)
Upwardly rotate the scapula (ST)
Middle fibers: Adduct and stabilize the scapula
Lower fibers: Depress and upwardly rotate the scapula
79
Trapezius Origin
External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligaments nuchal and spinous processes of C7-T12
80
Trapezius Insertion
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
81
Serratus Anterior Action
```
Action with origin fixed:
Abduct the scapula
Upwardly rotate the scapula
Depress the scapula
Hold the medial border of scapula against ribs
```
With scapula fixed:
May act to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation
82
Serratus Anterior Insertion
Anterior surface of medial border of the scapula
83
Serratus Anterior Origin
External surfaces of upper 8 or 9 ribs
84
Deltoid Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity
85
Deltoid Origin
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
86
Deltoid Action
```
All fibers: Abduct the shoulder (gH joint)
Anterior:
flex the shoulder (gH)
Medially rotate the shoulder (gH)
Horizontally adduct the shoulder (gH)
Posterior:
Extend the shoulder (gH)
Laterally rotate the shoulder (gH)
Horizontally abduct the shoulder (gH)
```
87
Middle scalene Origin
Transverse processes of 2nd-7th cervicle vertebrae (posterior tubercles)
88
Middle Scalene Insertion
1st Rib
89
Abdominals-External Oblique Origin
External surfaces of 5th-12th ribs
90
Abdominals-External Oblique Action
Unilaterally:
Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side
Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side
Bilaterally:
Flex the vertebral column
Compress abdominal contents
91
Abdominals-External Oblique Insertion
Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to line alba
92
Hamstrings- Semimembranosus Origin
Ischial Tuberosity
93
Hamstrings-Semimembranosus Insertion
Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia
94
Latissimus Dorsi Action
"Handcuff muscle"
Extend the shoulder (gH)
Adduct the shoulder (gH)
Medially rotate the shoulder (gH)
95
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
Inferior angle of scapula
Spinous Processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae
last 3 or 4 ribs
thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest
96
Latissimus Dorsi Insertion
Intertubercular groove of the humerus
97
Rotator Cuff Muscles: Subscapularis Origin
sub scapular fossa of the scapula
98
Rotator Cuff Muscles: Subscapularis Action
Medially rotate the shoulder (gH)
| Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity
99
Rotator Cuff Muscles: Subscapularis insertion
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
100
Biceps Brachii Insertion
Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the biceps brachii
101
Biceps Brachii Origin
Short head: coracoid process of scapula
| Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
102
Posterior Scalene Origin
Transverse processes of 6th-7th cervical vertebrae (posterior tubercles)
103
Posterior Scalene Insertion
2nd rib
104
Anterior Scalene Origin
Transverse processes of 3rd-6th cervical vertebrae (anterior tubercles)
105
Anterior Scalene Insertion
1st rib
106
All Scalenes Action
Unilaterally:
with ribs fixed: laterally flex the head and neck to the same side (all)
rotate head and neck to the opposite side (all) (contralateral rotator)
Bilaterally:
elevate the ribs during inhalation (all)
flex the head and neck (anterior)
107
Pectineus Insertion
Pectineal line of femer
108
Pectineus Origin
Superior ramps of pubis
109
Rotator Cuff Muscle-Supraspinatus Origin
Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
110
Rotator Cuff Muscle-Supraspinatus Action
Abduct the shoulder (gH)
| Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity
111
Rotator Cuff Muscle-Supraspinatus Insertion
Greater Tubercle of the humerus
112
Rotator Cuff Muscle-Infraspinatus Action
Laterally rotate the shoulder (gH)
Adduct the shoulder (gH)
Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity
113
Rotator Cuff Muscle-Infraspinatus Origin
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
114
Rotator Cuff Muscle-Infraspinatus Insertion
Greater tubercle of the humerus
115
Abdominals-Internal Oblique Origin
Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
116
Abdominals-Internal Oblique Action
```
Unilaterally:
Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side.
Rotate vertebral column to the same side
Bilaterally:
Flex the vertebral column
Compress abdominal contents
```
117
Abdominals-Internal Oblique Insertion
Internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to line alba
118
Rectus Abdominus Origin
Public Crest, pubic symphysis
119
Rectus Abdominus Action
Flex the vertebral column
| Tilt pelvis posteriorly
120
Rectus Abdominus Insertion
Cartilage of 5th, 6th, 7th ribs and xiphiod process
121
Gluteus Minimus Origin
Gluteal surface of the allium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
122
Gluteus Minimus Insertion
Anterior aspect of greater trochanter
123
Gluteus Medius Action
```
All fibers:
Abduct the hip
Anterior fibers:
flex the hip
medial rotate the hip
Posterior fibers:
Extend the hip
Laterally rotate the hip
```
124
Gluteus Medius Origin
Gluteal surface of allium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest
125
Gluteus Medius Insertion
Lateral aspect of greater trochanter
126
Gluteus Maximus Origin
coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
127
Gluteus Maximus Insertion
Illiotibial tract (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)
128
Gluteus Maximus Action
```
All fibers:
Extend the hip (coral joint)
Laterally rotate the hip
Abduct the hip
Lower fibers:
Adduct the hip
```
129
Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin
Illiac crest, posterior to the ASIS
130
Tensor Fasciae Latae Insertion
Illiotibial tract
131
Tensor Fasciae Latae and Illiotibial Tract Action
Flex the hip
Medially rotate the hip
Abduct the hip
132
Adductor Brevis Origin
Inferior ramus of pubis
133
Adductor Brevis Insertion
Pectineal line and medial lip of lines aspera
134
Adductor Longus Origin
Pubic tubercle
135
Adductor Longus Insertion
Medial lip of lines aspera
136
Gracilis Insertion
Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pet anserinus tendon
137
Gracilis Origin
Inferior ramus of pubis
138
Gracilis Action
Adduct the hip
Medially rotate the hip
Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Medially rotate the flexed knee (TF joint)
139
Adductor Magnus Origin
Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity
140
Adductor Magnus Insertion
Medial lip of lines aspera and adductor tubercle
141
Adductor Group (Magnus, Longus, Brevis, Pectinus, Gracilis) Action
Adduct the hip (coral joint)
Medially rotate the hip
Assist to flex the hip (not Gracilis)
Posterior fibers of adductor Magnus: extend the hip
142
Piriformis Origin
Anterior surface of sacrum
143
Piriformis Insertion
Superior aspect of greater trochanter
144
Piriformis Action
Laterally rotate the hip
| Abduct the hip is flexed
145
Illiopsoas (Psoas Major and Illiacus) Origins
Psoas Major: bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Illiacus: iliac fossa
146
Illiopsoas (Psoas Major and Illiacus Insertion
Psoas Major: lesser trochanter
| Illiacus: lesser trochanter
147
Illiopsoas Action
with origin fixed:
flex the hip, may laterally rotate the hip
with the insertion fixed:
flex the trunk toward the thigh
tilt pelvis anteriorly
unilaterally:
assist to laterally flex the lumbar spine
148
Flexor Carpi Radialis Action
Flex the wrist (radoiocarpal joint)
Abduct the wrist
May assist to flex the elbow (humeroulnar joint)
149
Flexor Carpi Radialis Insertion
Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
150
Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin
Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
151
Quadriceps Femoris Group Action
All: Extend the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
| Rectus Femoris: flex the hip (coral Joint)
152
Quadriceps Femoris Group Insertion
Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)
153
Quadriceps Femoris Group Origin- Rectus Femoris
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
154
Quadriceps Femoris Group Origin- Vastus Medialis
Medial lip of linea aspera
155
Quadriceps Femoris Group Origin- Vastus Lateralis
Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
156
Quadriceps Femoris Group Origin- Vastus Intermedius
Anterior and lateral shaft of the femer
157
Extensor Digitorum Action
Extend the 2nd-5th fingers (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)
Assist to extend the wrist (radoiocarpal joint)
158
Extensor Digitorum Origin
Common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
159
Extensor Digitorum Insertion
Bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers
160
Pectoralis Major Origin
Medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of 1st-6th ribs
161
Pectoralis Major Insertion
Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
162
Pectoralis Major Action
```
All fibers:
Adduct the shoulder (gH)
Medially rotate the shoulder (gH)
Assist to elevate the thoracic during forced inhalation (w/ arm fixed)
Upper fibers:
Flex the shoulder (gH)
Horizontally adduct the shoulder (gH)
Lower fibers:
Extend the shoulder (gH)
```
163
Hamstrings-Biceps Femoris Origin
Long head: ischial tuberosity
| Short head: Lateral lip of linea aspera
164
Hamstrings-Biceps Femoris Action
```
Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Laterally rotate the flexed knee (TF)
Long head: Extend the hip (coral joint)
Long head: Assist to laterally rotate the hip (coral joint)
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
```
165
Hamstrings-Biceps Femoris Insertion
Head of the fibula
166
Biceps Brachii Action
Flex the elbow (humeroulnar joint)
Supinate the forearm (radioulnar joint)
Flex the shoulder (gH)
167
Tibialis Posterior Insertion
All 5 tarsal bones and bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals
168
Tibialis Posterior Action
Invert the foot
| Plantar flex the ankle
169
Tibialis Posterior Origin
Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula, and interosseous membrane
170
Levator Scapula Insertion
Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula
171
Levator Scapula Origin
Transverse processes of 1st-4th cervical vertebae
172
Levator Scapula Action
```
Unilaterally:
Elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint)
Downwardly rotate scapula (ST)
Laterally flex the head and neck
Rotate the head and neck to same side
Bilaterally:
Extend the head and neck
```
173
Tibialis Anterior Insertion
Medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal
174
Tibialis Anterior Origin
Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
175
Tibialis Anterior Action
Invert the foot
| Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)
176
Extensor Digitorum Longus Action
Extend the 2nd-5th toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)
Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)
Evert the foot
177
Extensor Digitorum Longus Insertion
Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes
178
Extensor Digitorum Longus Origin
Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane
179
Gastrocnemius Action
Flex the knee (TF joint)
| Plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
180
Gastrocnemius Origin
condyles of the femer, posterior surfaces
181
Gastrocnemius Insertion
calcaneus via calcanea tendon
182
Soleus Origin
solar line, proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of head of fibula
183
Soleus Insertion
calcaneus via calcanea tendon
184
Soleus Action
Plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
185
Peroneus Longus Insertion
Base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
186
Peroneus Longus Origin
Head of fibula and proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
187
Peroneus Longus Action
Evert the foot
| Assist to plantar flex the ankle
188
Tsubo Point ST-36
"Leg 3 mile"-regulates chi and blood SP/ST, strengthens weak and deficient conditions.
Location: 4 fingers below patella, 1 finger width from anterior crest of tibia
189
Tsubo Point UB-60
"Asprin for the back"-relaxes tendons, benefits the back.
| Location: In the depression between lateral malleolus and calcanea tendon
190
Tsubo Point KI-3
"Bigger Stream"-benefits kidneys, strengthens lumbar region
| Location: In depression between medial malleolus and calcanea tendon
191
Tsubo Point UB-2
"Drilling Bamboo"-clears vision, relieves pain in the head.
| Location: Medial end of eyebrow, on supraorbital notch
192
Tsubo Point LI-4
"Great Eliminator"-stops pain, circulates chi & blood
| Location: In web between 1st-2nd metatarsal
193
Tsubo Point LI-20
"Welcome Fragrance"-opens nasal passages
| Location: lateral wings of nose in the depression
194
Shiatsu Cautions
- During acute illness, fever, contagious disease
- Osteoporosis (light pressure ok)
- High blood pressure, epilepsy (light pressure ok)
- Varicose veins, hemophilia
- Wounds, burns
- Fractures
- Inflamed joints
- skin rash, bruises
- medication that prevents clear feedback
- first 3 months of pregnancy
- during pregnancy, avoid LI-4, SP-6, GB-21, KI-3, UB-60,
- avoid intense work on lower legs
195
Ipsilateral Rotator
rotates to the same side
196
Contralateral Rotator
rates to the opposite side ex. sternocleidomastoid & scalenes
197
High Risk Pregnancies
* *need written release from healthcare provider before receiving massage**
- mother is under 20 or over 35
- complications in previous pregnancies
- 3 or more consecutive miscarriages
- multiple gestation (twins, triplets, etc)
- uterine abnormalities (fibroids, surgery, etc)
- Rh-negative mother or genetic problem
- fetal genetic disorders
- drug or other hazardous material exposure
- maternal illnesses: cardiac & renal disease/disorders, connective tissue disorders, liver disease/disorders, diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension
198
Pregnancy Precautions/Contraindications
- avoid completely if client is on bed rest (clots can form)
- avoid percussion in lower legs
- varicose veins-moderate pressure proximal-distal to them. on them, only feather light pressure
- avoid acupressure, reflections points, cross-fiber friction, deep tissue and trigger points on feet, lower leg and medial thigh
- avoid these points: SP-6, UB-60, KI-3
