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Massage Therapy > Massage > Flashcards

Massage Flashcards

1
Q

Pathway of Digestion

A

1) Mouth and Pharynx
2) Esophagus
3) Stomach
4) Small Intestine
5) Large Intestine
6) Liver and Gallbladder**
7) Pancreas**
* *accessory organs

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2
Q

Mouth and Pharynx’s role in digestion

A

Mastication=chewing
saliva=libricant to help food travel GI tract, begin chemical digestion
saliva contains amylase-enzyme that breaks down starches

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3
Q

Amylase

A

1st chemical that food encounters enzyme that breaks down starches

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4
Q

Changing names of food through digestion system

A

Food > Bolus/Chyme > Feces

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5
Q

Esophagus

A

muscular tube posterior to the trachea that connects the pharynx to the stomach

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6
Q

6 Functions of the Digestive System

A

1) ingestion–food comes in
2) secretion–saliva chemicals release to break it down
3) digestion–taking what we can
4) motility–move the stuff through
5) absorption–nutrients and fluid blending into body
6) elimination–leave the body

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7
Q

Pepsin

A

protein-digesting enzyme secreted in the stomach

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8
Q

Chyme

A

semiliquid substance formed in stomach from food and gastric juices mixing

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9
Q

Small Intestine

A

most digestion and absorption happens here

3 segments: duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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10
Q

Large Intestine (name sections)

A

cecum>ileocecal valve>ascending colon>hepatic flexure>transverse colon>splenic flexure>descending colon>sigmoid colon>colon>rectum>anal canal
Peristalsis moves food along

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11
Q

Liver and Gallbladder

A

Liver’s lobes divided into functional units called lobules made up of hepatocytes (secrete bile–focus on fats/lipids)
Gallbladder delivers bile
Liver is nutrient storage facility–converts glycogen into glucose
Filters and detoxifies blood
Liver’s roles: digestive, storage, metabolic

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12
Q

Pancreas

A

enzymes from pancreas are transported to the duodenum, where they are active in the chemical digestion of proteins, fats, and carbs

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13
Q

Rugae

A

folds in the inner-mucosal layer of the stomach to allow it to expand

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14
Q

Hydrochloric Acid

A

acid released in the stomach to begin the breakdown of proteins and destroy pathogens

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15
Q

Peristalsis

A

a series of wave-like contractions and relaxation in the smooth muscle layer, which propels food along the GI tract

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16
Q

Medullary Cavity

A

Cavity inside long bone.

Endosteum lines this ___. In adults it is filled with yellow bone marrow.

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17
Q

3 Portions of a Longbone

A

epiphysis–end of long bone, contains red bone marrow
metaphysics–neck of bone, where epiphyseal plate “growth plate”
diaphysis–main shaft

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18
Q

2 Types of Bone Tissue

A

Compact bone tissue aka cortical–made up of osteons

Spongey Bone aka cancellous

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19
Q

Osteogenic Cells

A

The only bone cell capable of mitosis (cell division)

genic= to produce

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20
Q

Osteocyte

A

Mature bone cell

cyte=cell

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21
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Bone Destroyers

clast=to break or destroy (think catastrophe)

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22
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone Builders

Blasts=germinate, bud, grow

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23
Q

Ossification

A

bone formation

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24
Q

Deposition

A

building up of new bone tissue

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25
Q

Resorption

A

breakdown of bone tissue

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26
Q

Remodeling

A

natural cycle that bones undergo to grow and repair themselves

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27
Q

General History of Massage

A

15,000 BCE: European cave art depict healing touch
3,000 BCE: Oldest book on massage–China
2,500 BCE: Egyptian paintings
776 BCE: massage before sporting events
460-375 BCE: Hippocrates “Father of Western Medicine” spoke about massage
100-40 BCE: Julius Cesar used massage to help epilepsy and neuralgia
100 CE: first schools of massage developed
Middle Ages (1300-1400): “folk healers” using massage persecuted in West
1517-1590: massage used for joint stiffness and post-saving wound healing

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28
Q

History of Swedish Massage

A

1776-1839: Henrik Ling-Swedish physiologist, gymnast, fencing
1839-1909: Johann Metzger: medical profession accepted massage
1856: Two Taylor brothers wrote American textbook on massage
1852-1943: Dr. John Harvey Kellogg published magazine to popularize massage

scandals of late 1800s: brothels
1894: formed Society of Trained Masseuses
1920s: Chartered Society of Massage Medical Gymnastics
1960s: mixed messages with “Massage parlors”
1970s-80s: massage seen as luxury
1990s: accepted more by medical profession
1992: National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork

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29
Q

Trochanter (Bony Landmark)

A

A large blunt process ex. greater _____ of femur

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30
Q

Head (Bony Landmark)

A

A large rounded end of a long bone, usually set off from the rest of the bone by a “neck”. ex. the ___ of the humerus or femur

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31
Q

Crest (Bony Landmark)

A

A prominent ridge ex. illiac ___

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32
Q

Fossa (Bony Landmark)

A

A basin-like depression in a bone ex. supraspinous

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33
Q

Epicondyle (Bony Landmark)

A

A bump above a condyle ex. the medial and lateral ___ of the humerus are located above the medial and lateral condyles of the humerus

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34
Q

Notch (Bony Landmark)

A

A deep indentation in a bone ex. sciatic ____

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35
Q

Angle (Bony Landmark)

A

A diverging of 2 bony edges from common point ex. superior and inferior ____ of the scapula

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36
Q

Tubercle (Bony Landmark)

A

A small bump ex. greater or lesser ____ of humerus

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37
Q

Tuberosity (Bony Landmark)

A

A large, often rough bump ex. ischial ____

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38
Q

Line (Bony Landmark)

A

A ridge that doesn’t stick up very far ex. the ____ aspera of the femur

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39
Q

Process (Bony Landmark)

A

A broad designation for bump on a bone ex. mastoid ____, xiphoid _____

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40
Q

Foramen (Bony Landmark)

A

A hole in a bone ex. ____ magnum on a skull, ____ on sacrum

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41
Q

Spine (Bony Landmark)

A

An abrupt or pointed projection

ex. the ___ of the scapula, the anterior superior iliac ____

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42
Q

Facet (Bony Landmark)

A

A smooth, mostly flat surface on a bone

ex. the ____ of the vertebrae

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43
Q

Condyle (Bony Landmark)

A

the rounded end of a long bone, usually not set off by a neck, usually smaller than a head
ex. the medial and lateral ____ of the femur

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44
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

80 bones: skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum

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45
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

126 bones: clavicle to arm, illiam, pubis, ischium to leg

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46
Q

Planes of the body

A

Sagital, Coronal/Frontal, Transverse
Sagital: cuts right and left
Coronal: cuts front and back
Transverse: cuts top and bottom (inferior=caudal, superior=cephalic)

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47
Q

Benefits of Massage

A

relaxation
feels good
increases circulation-relaxes muscle spasms, relieves tension, improve muscle tone, return blood flow to heart
prevent or delay muscle atrophy from forced inactivity
stimulates lymphatic circulation–help elimination of wastes and toxic debris
may help movement of intestine, reduce constipation
stretch fascia, increase ROM
prevent formation of adhesions
decrease inflammation
alleviate pain
reduce insomnia
reduce sense of isolation
release repressed emotional energy

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48
Q

Cautions and Contraindications of Massage

A

broken skin, rashes, skin infections
inflammation (tendinitis, sprain, post-injury, swelling)
pain beyond “good hurt” of massage
lack of sensory feeling (diabetes, neuropathy)
varicose veins
gastritis, stomach ulcers

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49
Q

Ida Rolf

A

Rolfing, contributed to Deep Tissue

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50
Q

Janet Travell

A

Trigger Point Therapy

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51
Q

Margaret Knott and Dorothy Vass

A

wrote book on Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

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52
Q

sign vs. symptom

A

sign: objective indication of disease that is usually measurable
symptom: subjective indicator of disease that is not easily measured or quantified

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53
Q

Erector Spinae Group Origin

A

Common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar and last 2 thoracic vertebrae

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54
Q

Erector Spinae Group Action

A

Unilaterally: Laterally Flex vertebral column to the same side
Bilaterally: Extend the vertebral column

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55
Q

Erector Spinae Group Insertion

A

Various attachments at the posterior ribs, spinous and transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae and mastoid processes of temporal bone

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56
Q

Hamstrings Semitendinosus Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

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57
Q

Hamstrings Semitendinosus Insertion

A

Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

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58
Q

Hamstrings Semitendinosus Action

A

Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Medially rotate the flexed knee (T/F joint)
Extend the hip (coral joint)
Assist to medially rotate the hip (coral joint)
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly

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59
Q

Hamstrings Semimembranosus Action

A

Flex the knee (T/F joint)
Medially route the flexed knee (T/F joint)
Extend the hip (coral joint)
Assist to medially rotate the hip (coral joint)
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly

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60
Q

Triceps Brachii Origin

A

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: posterior surface of proximal half of humerus
Medial head: posterior surface of distal half of the humerus

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61
Q

Triceps Brachii Action

A

all heads: extend the elbow (humeroulnar joint)
long head: extend the shoulder (glenohumeral joint)
adduct the shoulder (gH joint)

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62
Q

Triceps Brachii Insertion

A

olecranon process of the ulna

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63
Q

Rhomboids Origin

A

Major: spinous processes of T2-T5
Minor: spinous processes of C7-T1

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64
Q

Rhomboids Insertion

A

Major: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
Minor: upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from spine of the scapula

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65
Q

Rhomboids Major and Minor Action

A

Adduct the scapula (ST joint)
Elevate the scapula
Downwardly rotate the scapula

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66
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles: Teres Minor Action

A

Laterally rotate the shoulder (gH)
Adduct the shoulder (gH)
Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

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67
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles: Teres Minor Origin

A

Upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula

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68
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles: Teres Minor Insertion

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus

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69
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Origin

A

Sternal head: Top of manubrium

Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of the clavicle

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70
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Insertion

A

Mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput

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71
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Action

A

Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to same side. Rotate the head and neck to opposite side (contralateral rotator)
Bilaterally: Flex the neck. Assist to elevate the ribcage during inhalation.

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72
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Origin

A

Posterior iliac crest

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73
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Insertion

A

Last rib and transverse processes of first through 4th lumbar vertebrae

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74
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Action

A

Unilaterally: Laterally tilt (elevate) the pelvis. Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side.
Bilaterally: Assist to extend the vertebral column. Fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation.

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75
Q

Pectoralis Minor Action

A

Depress the scapula
Abduct the scapula
Downwardly rotate the scapula
w/ the scapula fixed: assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation

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76
Q

Pectoralis Minor Origin

A

3rd, 4th, 5th ribs

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77
Q

Pectoralis Minor Insertion

A

Medial surface of coracoid process of scapula

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78
Q

Trapezius Action

A

Bilaterally: Extend the head and neck
Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to same side
Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side (contralateral rotator)
Elevate the scapula (ST)
Upwardly rotate the scapula (ST)
Middle fibers: Adduct and stabilize the scapula
Lower fibers: Depress and upwardly rotate the scapula

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79
Q

Trapezius Origin

A

External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligaments nuchal and spinous processes of C7-T12

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80
Q

Trapezius Insertion

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula

81
Q

Serratus Anterior Action

A 
Action with origin fixed:
Abduct the scapula
Upwardly rotate the scapula
Depress the scapula
Hold the medial border of scapula against ribs

With scapula fixed:
May act to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation

82
Q

Serratus Anterior Insertion

A

Anterior surface of medial border of the scapula

83
Q

Serratus Anterior Origin

A

External surfaces of upper 8 or 9 ribs

84
Q

Deltoid Insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity

85
Q

Deltoid Origin

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

86
Q

Deltoid Action

A 
All fibers: Abduct the shoulder (gH joint)
Anterior:
flex the shoulder (gH)
Medially rotate the shoulder (gH)
Horizontally adduct the shoulder (gH)
Posterior:
Extend the shoulder (gH)
Laterally rotate the shoulder (gH)
Horizontally abduct the shoulder (gH)
87
Q

Middle scalene Origin

A

Transverse processes of 2nd-7th cervicle vertebrae (posterior tubercles)

88
Q

Middle Scalene Insertion

A

1st Rib

89
Q

Abdominals-External Oblique Origin

A

External surfaces of 5th-12th ribs

90
Q

Abdominals-External Oblique Action

A

Unilaterally:
Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side
Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side
Bilaterally:
Flex the vertebral column
Compress abdominal contents

91
Q

Abdominals-External Oblique Insertion

A

Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to line alba

92
Q

Hamstrings- Semimembranosus Origin

A

Ischial Tuberosity

93
Q

Hamstrings-Semimembranosus Insertion

A

Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

94
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action

A

“Handcuff muscle”
Extend the shoulder (gH)
Adduct the shoulder (gH)
Medially rotate the shoulder (gH)

95
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

A

Inferior angle of scapula
Spinous Processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae
last 3 or 4 ribs
thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest

96
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

A

Intertubercular groove of the humerus

97
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles: Subscapularis Origin

A

sub scapular fossa of the scapula

98
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles: Subscapularis Action

A

Medially rotate the shoulder (gH)

Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

99
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles: Subscapularis insertion

A

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

100
Q

Biceps Brachii Insertion

A

Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the biceps brachii

101
Q

Biceps Brachii Origin

A

Short head: coracoid process of scapula

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

102
Q

Posterior Scalene Origin

A

Transverse processes of 6th-7th cervical vertebrae (posterior tubercles)

103
Q

Posterior Scalene Insertion

A

2nd rib

104
Q

Anterior Scalene Origin

A

Transverse processes of 3rd-6th cervical vertebrae (anterior tubercles)

105
Q

Anterior Scalene Insertion

A

1st rib

106
Q

All Scalenes Action

A

Unilaterally:
with ribs fixed: laterally flex the head and neck to the same side (all)
rotate head and neck to the opposite side (all) (contralateral rotator)
Bilaterally:
elevate the ribs during inhalation (all)
flex the head and neck (anterior)

107
Q

Pectineus Insertion

A

Pectineal line of femer

108
Q

Pectineus Origin

A

Superior ramps of pubis

109
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscle-Supraspinatus Origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

110
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscle-Supraspinatus Action

A

Abduct the shoulder (gH)

Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

111
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscle-Supraspinatus Insertion

A

Greater Tubercle of the humerus

112
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscle-Infraspinatus Action

A

Laterally rotate the shoulder (gH)
Adduct the shoulder (gH)
Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity

113
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscle-Infraspinatus Origin

A

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

114
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscle-Infraspinatus Insertion

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus

115
Q

Abdominals-Internal Oblique Origin

A

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia

116
Q

Abdominals-Internal Oblique Action

A 
Unilaterally: 
Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side. 
Rotate vertebral column to the same side
Bilaterally:
Flex the vertebral column
Compress abdominal contents
117
Q

Abdominals-Internal Oblique Insertion

A

Internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to line alba

118
Q

Rectus Abdominus Origin

A

Public Crest, pubic symphysis

119
Q

Rectus Abdominus Action

A

Flex the vertebral column

Tilt pelvis posteriorly

120
Q

Rectus Abdominus Insertion

A

Cartilage of 5th, 6th, 7th ribs and xiphiod process

121
Q

Gluteus Minimus Origin

A

Gluteal surface of the allium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

122
Q

Gluteus Minimus Insertion

A

Anterior aspect of greater trochanter

123
Q

Gluteus Medius Action

A 
All fibers:
Abduct the hip
Anterior fibers:
flex the hip
medial rotate the hip
Posterior fibers:
Extend the hip
Laterally rotate the hip
124
Q

Gluteus Medius Origin

A

Gluteal surface of allium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest

125
Q

Gluteus Medius Insertion

A

Lateral aspect of greater trochanter

126
Q

Gluteus Maximus Origin

A

coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments

127
Q

Gluteus Maximus Insertion

A

Illiotibial tract (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)

128
Q

Gluteus Maximus Action

A 
All fibers:
Extend the hip (coral joint)
Laterally rotate the hip
Abduct the hip
Lower fibers:
Adduct the hip
129
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin

A

Illiac crest, posterior to the ASIS

130
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae Insertion

A

Illiotibial tract

131
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae and Illiotibial Tract Action

A

Flex the hip
Medially rotate the hip
Abduct the hip

132
Q

Adductor Brevis Origin

A

Inferior ramus of pubis

133
Q

Adductor Brevis Insertion

A

Pectineal line and medial lip of lines aspera

134
Q

Adductor Longus Origin

A

Pubic tubercle

135
Q

Adductor Longus Insertion

A

Medial lip of lines aspera

136
Q

Gracilis Insertion

A

Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pet anserinus tendon

137
Q

Gracilis Origin

A

Inferior ramus of pubis

138
Q

Gracilis Action

A

Adduct the hip
Medially rotate the hip
Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Medially rotate the flexed knee (TF joint)

139
Q

Adductor Magnus Origin

A

Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity

140
Q

Adductor Magnus Insertion

A

Medial lip of lines aspera and adductor tubercle

141
Q

Adductor Group (Magnus, Longus, Brevis, Pectinus, Gracilis) Action

A

Adduct the hip (coral joint)
Medially rotate the hip
Assist to flex the hip (not Gracilis)
Posterior fibers of adductor Magnus: extend the hip

142
Q

Piriformis Origin

A

Anterior surface of sacrum

143
Q

Piriformis Insertion

A

Superior aspect of greater trochanter

144
Q

Piriformis Action

A

Laterally rotate the hip

Abduct the hip is flexed

145
Q

Illiopsoas (Psoas Major and Illiacus) Origins

A

Psoas Major: bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Illiacus: iliac fossa

146
Q

Illiopsoas (Psoas Major and Illiacus Insertion

A

Psoas Major: lesser trochanter

Illiacus: lesser trochanter

147
Q

Illiopsoas Action

A

with origin fixed:
flex the hip, may laterally rotate the hip
with the insertion fixed:
flex the trunk toward the thigh
tilt pelvis anteriorly
unilaterally:
assist to laterally flex the lumbar spine

148
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis Action

A

Flex the wrist (radoiocarpal joint)
Abduct the wrist
May assist to flex the elbow (humeroulnar joint)

149
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis Insertion

A

Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

150
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin

A

Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus

151
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Group Action

A

All: Extend the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

Rectus Femoris: flex the hip (coral Joint)

152
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Group Insertion

A

Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)

153
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Group Origin- Rectus Femoris

A

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)

154
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Group Origin- Vastus Medialis

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

155
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Group Origin- Vastus Lateralis

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter

156
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Group Origin- Vastus Intermedius

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of the femer

157
Q

Extensor Digitorum Action

A

Extend the 2nd-5th fingers (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)
Assist to extend the wrist (radoiocarpal joint)

158
Q

Extensor Digitorum Origin

A

Common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus

159
Q

Extensor Digitorum Insertion

A

Bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers

160
Q

Pectoralis Major Origin

A

Medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of 1st-6th ribs

161
Q

Pectoralis Major Insertion

A

Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

162
Q

Pectoralis Major Action

A 
All fibers:
Adduct the shoulder (gH)
Medially rotate the shoulder (gH)
Assist to elevate the thoracic during forced inhalation (w/ arm fixed)
Upper fibers:
Flex the shoulder (gH)
Horizontally adduct the shoulder (gH)
Lower fibers:
Extend the shoulder (gH)
163
Q

Hamstrings-Biceps Femoris Origin

A

Long head: ischial tuberosity

Short head: Lateral lip of linea aspera

164
Q

Hamstrings-Biceps Femoris Action

A 
Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Laterally rotate the flexed knee (TF)
Long head: Extend the hip (coral joint)
Long head: Assist to laterally rotate the hip (coral joint)
Tilt the pelvis posteriorly
165
Q

Hamstrings-Biceps Femoris Insertion

A

Head of the fibula

166
Q

Biceps Brachii Action

A

Flex the elbow (humeroulnar joint)
Supinate the forearm (radioulnar joint)
Flex the shoulder (gH)

167
Q

Tibialis Posterior Insertion

A

All 5 tarsal bones and bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals

168
Q

Tibialis Posterior Action

A

Invert the foot

Plantar flex the ankle

169
Q

Tibialis Posterior Origin

A

Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula, and interosseous membrane

170
Q

Levator Scapula Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula

171
Q

Levator Scapula Origin

A

Transverse processes of 1st-4th cervical vertebae

172
Q

Levator Scapula Action

A 
Unilaterally:
Elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint)
Downwardly rotate scapula (ST)
Laterally flex the head and neck
Rotate the head and neck to same side
Bilaterally:
Extend the head and neck
173
Q

Tibialis Anterior Insertion

A

Medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal

174
Q

Tibialis Anterior Origin

A

Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

175
Q

Tibialis Anterior Action

A

Invert the foot

Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)

176
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Action

A

Extend the 2nd-5th toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)
Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)
Evert the foot

177
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Insertion

A

Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes

178
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Origin

A

Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane

179
Q

Gastrocnemius Action

A

Flex the knee (TF joint)

Plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)

180
Q

Gastrocnemius Origin

A

condyles of the femer, posterior surfaces

181
Q

Gastrocnemius Insertion

A

calcaneus via calcanea tendon

182
Q

Soleus Origin

A

solar line, proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of head of fibula

183
Q

Soleus Insertion

A

calcaneus via calcanea tendon

184
Q

Soleus Action

A

Plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)

185
Q

Peroneus Longus Insertion

A

Base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

186
Q

Peroneus Longus Origin

A

Head of fibula and proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula

187
Q

Peroneus Longus Action

A

Evert the foot

Assist to plantar flex the ankle

188
Q

Tsubo Point ST-36

A

“Leg 3 mile”-regulates chi and blood SP/ST, strengthens weak and deficient conditions.
Location: 4 fingers below patella, 1 finger width from anterior crest of tibia

189
Q

Tsubo Point UB-60

A

“Asprin for the back”-relaxes tendons, benefits the back.

Location: In the depression between lateral malleolus and calcanea tendon

190
Q

Tsubo Point KI-3

A

“Bigger Stream”-benefits kidneys, strengthens lumbar region

Location: In depression between medial malleolus and calcanea tendon

191
Q

Tsubo Point UB-2

A

“Drilling Bamboo”-clears vision, relieves pain in the head.

Location: Medial end of eyebrow, on supraorbital notch

192
Q

Tsubo Point LI-4

A

“Great Eliminator”-stops pain, circulates chi & blood

Location: In web between 1st-2nd metatarsal

193
Q

Tsubo Point LI-20

A

“Welcome Fragrance”-opens nasal passages

Location: lateral wings of nose in the depression

194
Q

Shiatsu Cautions

A
  • During acute illness, fever, contagious disease
  • Osteoporosis (light pressure ok)
  • High blood pressure, epilepsy (light pressure ok)
  • Varicose veins, hemophilia
  • Wounds, burns
  • Fractures
  • Inflamed joints
  • skin rash, bruises
  • medication that prevents clear feedback
  • first 3 months of pregnancy
  • during pregnancy, avoid LI-4, SP-6, GB-21, KI-3, UB-60,
  • avoid intense work on lower legs
195
Q

Ipsilateral Rotator

A

rotates to the same side

196
Q

Contralateral Rotator

A

rates to the opposite side ex. sternocleidomastoid & scalenes

197
Q

High Risk Pregnancies

A
  • *need written release from healthcare provider before receiving massage**
  • mother is under 20 or over 35
  • complications in previous pregnancies
  • 3 or more consecutive miscarriages
  • multiple gestation (twins, triplets, etc)
  • uterine abnormalities (fibroids, surgery, etc)
  • Rh-negative mother or genetic problem
  • fetal genetic disorders
  • drug or other hazardous material exposure
  • maternal illnesses: cardiac & renal disease/disorders, connective tissue disorders, liver disease/disorders, diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension
198
Q

Pregnancy Precautions/Contraindications

A
  • avoid completely if client is on bed rest (clots can form)
  • avoid percussion in lower legs
  • varicose veins-moderate pressure proximal-distal to them. on them, only feather light pressure
  • avoid acupressure, reflections points, cross-fiber friction, deep tissue and trigger points on feet, lower leg and medial thigh
  • avoid these points: SP-6, UB-60, KI-3

Massage Therapy (1 decks)

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