Mass transport in animals exam q

Question 1

Describe the pathway blood takes from the kidney to the heart

Answer 1

• Renal vein, carries the de-oxy blood
• Into the right atrium, then the right ventricle
• Then in pulnomary artery to the lungs

Question 2

Describe how water from tissue fluid is returned back into the circulatory system

Answer 2

• Proteins and large cells are left in the capillary near the venous end
• This causes a decrease in water potential at venous end
• Creating a water potential gradient from tissue fluid to inside the blood plasma
• Causing water to move back into the blood plasma via osmosis
• Water can return via lymphatic system too

Question 3

Explain how arterioles reduce blood flow into the capillaries

Answer 3

• Muscle contracts
• Decreasing the width of the lumen

Question 4

Small inc in aortic pressure at intervals why is this important?

Answer 4

• Elastic recoil of the aorta
  -Maintains blood pressure in the aorta

Question 5

How would graphs of the left and right ventricle pressure changes be different and similar

Answer 5

S - Peaks at similar times
D- Different heights of peaks, right would have a lower pressure throughout

Question 6

How does bohr effect serve an advantage to active person

Answer 6

• Reduced affinity of heamoglobin to oxygen
• More aerobic respiration at respiring tissues