Mashour: Control of Respiratory Drive Flashcards
What makes up the central controller?
Brainstem
Cortex
Limbic System (less so)
Why can emotional issues affect respiratory rate? What types of emotion might affect it?
Emotional stimuli affect the hypothalamus & affect the respiratory rate.
Anxiety, pain, temperature can all affect…
What do the receptors in muscles & joints have to do w/ respiratory rate?
When you start exercising…the muscles sense this & the respiratory rate increases.
What can central chemoreceptors do to respiratory rate? What factors affect?
They can increase it.
By increased CO2 & H+
What can peripheral chemoreceptors do to respiratory rate? What factors affect?
Increase it.
Low O2, High CO2, High H+
What can the cerebral cortex do to breathing?
This is the voluntary control center & it can increase or decrease it.
What can the Stretch receptors in the lung do to the respiratory rate if they are activated?
They can decrease the respiratory rate.
What can the irritant receptors in the lung & trachea do to the respiratory rate if they are activated?
They can decrease the respiratory rate.
Where are the respiratory centers located?
The medulla & the pons.
T/F The nuclei in the respiratory centers are groups of discrete nuclei.
False.
It is a loose collection of neurons.
What are the 3 main groups of neurons that make up the respiratory centers? Which is most important?
Medullary Respiratory Center (most important)
Apneustic Center
Pneumotaxic Center
What are the apneustic & pneumotaxic centers useful for?
more fine control of respiration…more important in children than in adults…
T/F There are apneustic, pneumotaxic, expiratory, & inspiratory centers in the brainstem.
True.
What is the Pre-Botzinger Complex?
It is in the medulla respiratory center & is an intrinsic respiratory rhythm generator (like the SA node)
What are the 2 overlapping regions of the medulla respiratory center?
Dorsal Respiratory Group: Inspiration
Ventral Respiratory Group: Expiration
