Mary And Ministers Flashcards
1
Q
What problems did Mary inherit?
A
- Religious division
- Not raised to rule
- Trusted supporters (Rochester, Waldegrave, Bedingfield) had no experience in government
- Protestant ministers from Edward
2
Q
Who were Mary’s new governors?
A
- Gardiner : Catholic , imprisoned by Edward
- Lord Paget
- Churchmen
3
Q
Why was Mary never quite at ease with her councillors?
A
- Paget had opposed her religious programme
- Gardiner as he failed to support Catherine (mother) in Break with Rome, however he was indispensable
4
Q
When did Gardiner die? What was the effect?
A
- 1555
- left a gap that was never filled
- Phillip and Simon Renard’s judgement became key
5
Q
How many MPs opposed reversal of Edward’s religious policy?
A
80, substantial minority
6
Q
What was the marriage alliance drawn up for Mary and Phillip?
A
- Phillip given title of King but none of the power
- No foreigners to hold English offices
- If Mary were to die first Phillip would not have claim to England
7
Q
What was the complication of marrying Phillip in relation to religion?
A
- The Pope (Paul IV) was Anti-Spanish
- England dragged into war by Spain against France, effectively against the Papacy
8
Q
When did England declare war on France? Why?
A
- 1557
- Landing of French troops at Scarborough led by Thomas Stafford
9
Q
How was Mary’s foreign policy a failure?
A
- Lost Calais in 1558, been in English hands for centuries
- Attack of port in Brest failed
10
Q
How did Mary reform the Navy and Militia?
A
- 6 new ships built
- Peacetime allowance of £14,000 to the Navy
- 2 Parliamentary acts on methods to raise troops
