Mary Flashcards
Repeal of act of supremacy (Autumn 1553-54)
Parliament met and refused to repeal the act of supremacy until the issue of monastic lands was solved
Act of Repeal
undid all Edwardian reformation, revived mass, ritual worship, clerical celibacy and reaffirmed transubstantiation
Introduction of heresy laws (April 1554)
After pole had secured monastic land issues in rome
When were many prominent protestant clergy deprived of their living
?s
August 1553
When was arch-bishop Cranmer arrested?
September 1553
How many protestants were involved in the mass exodus to Germany and Switzerland in 1554?
800
When were the royal injunctions issued?
March 1554
What did the royal injunctions order?
Bishops to suppress Hersey, removed married clergy, restore holy days, remove married clergy , processions and ceremonies
What percentage of clergy did Bishop Gardiner deprive of marriage?
10-25%
When did the burning of protestants begin?
February 1555
What was the Synod?
an assembly of the clergy, a bit like a religious parliament
When were the Twelve decrees issued and what did they mean?
February 1555 - listed rules on clerical discipline and against absenteeism, pluralism and simony
How many people were burned by mary over 46 months?
280 people (small in comparison compared to amount executed in Europe)
When did the pope lift the excommunication?
November 1554
When was the marriage between Mary and Phillip?
1554
When does Charles abdicate and Phillip inherit the throne as well as the Habsburg empire?
1555
What happens with the pope in 1556?
He is openly anti-Spanish and allies with France sparking conflict in the Habsburg-Valois war
How many troops did Mary send to the Netherlands in 1557 to help resist french attack?
6000 troops - she then resisted Philips demands for additional support
What act from France in 1557 pushed Mary to become involved in the Habsburg-Valois conflict?
The French were openly harbouring English Protestant exiles and encourages Thomas Strafford to ‘invade’ England, giving him weapons and ships (he was arrested within 3 days)
When did England declare war on France?
June 1557
How many troops did Mary send in 1557 to support the 70,000 Spanish troops
7000 troops
Battle of Quentin (Phillip defeated Henry II with help from then English)
1557
When was the surprise attack on calais
Mid-Winter 1558
Peace negotiations at Cateau-Cambresis
Began in 1558 completed by 1559
