Marxist

Question 1

Define idealogical state apparatus?

Answer 1

A social institution whose main purpose is to pass on the dominate ideology of the ruling class e.g school

(Althusser)

Question 2

Define repressive state apparatus

Answer 2

A social institution whose main role is to enforce the dominate ideology by force or threat e.g the police

(Althusser)

Question 3

Define Correspondence principle

Answer 3

The ways in which the education system mirrors the world of work
e.g. punctuality

Question 4

Define Hidden Curriculum

Answer 4

The informal leaning processes that happen in school as a side effect of eduction that teaches students the norms and values of society

Question 5

How do schools reproduce social inequality?

Answer 5

-Deliberately destined the W/C to fail in order to create an unqualified factory work force
-Private education prepares children of the elite for positions of power
-Hidden curriculum is shaped to assist M/C achievement and deter W/C achievement

(Althusser)

Question 6

How do schools legitimate social inequality?

Answer 6

-M/C has access to more cultural and economic capital which puts them at an advantage
-Education encourages students to blindly accept capitalist values, through the hidden curriculum

(Althusser)

Question 7

How do schools reinforce the correspondence principle?

Answer 7

-School processes mirror the world of work in order to prepare them for manual labour:
-Obedience
-Achieved status
-Discipline and consequence
-Dealing with boredom

Question 8

Myth of meritocracy

Answer 8

Education claims to be meritocratic but schools discriminate in favour of the middle class e.g language
Hidden curriculum lowers working class ambitions

Question 9

Evaluation of effectiveness of H.C

Answer 9

Existence of anti-school subcultures, truancy and exclusion suggest both the hidden curriculum and the correspondence principle has failed

Question 10

Willis’ Learning to Labour

Answer 10

Aim: to show that students weren’t
‘passive puppets’ and in fact
aware of their exploitation
methods: studied a group of lads
(working class boys) who
were disruptive and negative
toward education
used mixed methods to
record data
analysis: education was ineffective as
an agent of socialisation as the
lads were not socialised into
work, rather waiting to leave
education
application: anti-school
subculture within
contemporary education.
does being working class male
carry a label of
underachievement.
evaluations: close bond with boys=
hawthorne effect
“chose to fail” - design or
free will
working class boys end up
in working class jobs=
inequality