Marxism

Question 1

why dont proletariat rebel?

Answer 1

bourgeoisie innovations have helped indoctrinate the proletariat into state of false class consciousness

Question 2

false class consciousness

Answer 2

disorted view of way things are

Question 3

ruling class/dominant ideology

Answer 3

ideas and beliefs in society reinforce and justify ruling class power and blind subject class to exploitation

Question 4

class consciousness

Answer 4

proletariat see through disorted ideology

Question 5

humanist marxist

Answer 5

gramsci

Question 6

ideas of humanist marxism

Answer 6

• marx gave too much importance to economy
• hegemony= acceptance of dominance of ruling class in society due to welfare payments/health and saftey rules
• focus on peoples ideas and meanings
• voluntarism= humans have free will, active agents making own history

Question 7

structuralist marxist

Answer 7

althusser

Question 8

ideas of structuralist marxist

Answer 8

• 3 levels of society:
  1. economic level: economy and production of goods
  2. political level: gov + repressive state apparatus
  3. ideological ideology: ISA teaching and justify cap ideology
• determinism= structural facts determine course of history, individuals are passive

Question 9

ideas of frankhurst school (adorno, marcuse, horkheimer)

Answer 9

• society allows variety of sexualities to make money out of it (porn, sex shops)
• criticises althusser- too concentrated on social structure
  marx failed explain how capitalism control personalities. in victorian times desires manipulated in own capitalist interests

Question 10

what is the marxist analogy?

Answer 10

• superstructure: MRELF maintains the base
• Base: means and relations of production shaping super structure
  helps explain how everything in society is influenced by economic factors

Question 11

evaluation of marxist model

Answer 11

rather than describing society as building with economy as most impotant functionalists believe that all parts are equally important

Question 12

what is historical marxism?

Answer 12

humans having material needs and how produce is needed to meet our needs has changed over time leading to different relations of production

Question 13

what are means of production?

Answer 13

lands, factories, raw materials

Question 14

what are relations of production?

Answer 14

relationships between those involved in production. means of production progress faster than relations of production due to new inventions

Question 15

what did marx believe about means and relations of production?

Answer 15

the interplay between them led to several epochs

Question 16

what are the 4 epochs?

Answer 16

1. primitive communism
2. antiquity
3. feudalism
4. capitalism

Question 17

what is primitive communism?

Answer 17

where no means of production. theres equality. tribes become masters so lead to next epoch

Question 18

what is antiquity?

Answer 18

where the means of production is lands and classes are masters and slave. when masters used slaves to work on land and gen wealth leads to next epoch

Question 19

what is feudalism?

Answer 19

where means of production is power (steam) the classes are bourgeosie. when bourgosie become dominant over anstocracy it leads to next epoch

Question 20

what is capitalism

Answer 20

where means of production is enterprise and classes are bourgeosie and proletariat

Question 21

what happens after capitalism/ final epoch?

Answer 21

communism because proletariat become aware of their exploitation and create a revolution

Question 22

evaluation of historical marxism

Answer 22

revolution hasnt happened- marx wrong?

Question 23

what is alienation?

Answer 23

• where work in capitalist societies exploits the proletariat destroying their spirits and potential.
• worker is alienated from productive activity then product then other humans then from distictive potential
• leaves them diminished, physically weakened, mentally confused
• they wouldn’t lead/partake in revolution

Question 24

how do major institutions in society justify the dominant ideology

Answer 24

• major institutions reflected ideas and interests of bourgosie
• law protect interests of owning class more than workers

Question 25

what is pauperisation and immiseration?

Answer 25

capitalists drive down wages to increase their profits so wc poor

Question 26

evaluation of marxism

Answer 26

• other divisions of society- gender
• sc system more complicated must take into account power and authority
• nature of capitalism change- work less alienating as no longer in factories
• communist societies not always successful
• capitalism still dominates0