Martin Luther Flashcards

1
Q

What year was Martin Luther born?

A

1483

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2
Q

What year did Martin Luther die?

A

1546

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3
Q

Where was Martin Luther born in?

A

Eisleben, Saxony

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4
Q

What job did Martin Luther’s father do?

A

A copper miner

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5
Q

Why did Martin Luther go to University?

A

To fulfill his father’s wishes

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6
Q

Why and how did Martin Luther become a monk?

A

In 1505, Luther was caught in a thunderstorm and promised to God that if he survived, he would become a monk. He later joined the Augustinians.

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7
Q

Who were the Augustinians?

A

An order of friar/monks.

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8
Q

What did Martin Luther study BEFORE he became a monk?

A

Law

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9
Q

What and where did Martin Luther study AFTER he became a monk?

A

Theology in Erfurt University.

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10
Q

What year did Martin Luther become a professor of Theology?

A

In 1512, in Wittenberg University.

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11
Q

Who is Fedrick the Wise?

A

The founder of Wittenberg University and ruler of Saxony.

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12
Q

Theology

A

The study of religion.

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13
Q

Why was Martin Luther unhappy living as a monk?

A

He believed he was a terrible sinner.

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14
Q

Justification by Faith Alone

A

Martin Luther’s concept that faith alone is enough to bring salvation

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15
Q

Salvation

A

Acceptance into heaven

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16
Q

Sale of indulgences

A

People paying money to the Church to absolve their sins or sins of their loved ones.

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17
Q

What did Pope Leo X use the money from the Sale of indulgences for?

A

To pay for rebuilding St Patrick’s Basilica.

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18
Q

Basilica

A

A Roman building used as a Catholic church.

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19
Q

What year did the protest for the Sale of indulgences start?

A

1517

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20
Q

Who did Martin Luther send his letter to fr the protest?

A

The bishop of Martin Luther’s diocese, Albrecht of Brandenburg.

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21
Q

What did Martin Luther’s letter contain and what were they called?

A

The letter contained a list called the 95 theses.

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22
Q

95 theses

A

A list written on Martin Luther’s arguments against indulgences and their sale.

23
Q

When was it said that Martin Luther pinned and nailed the 95 theses to the door of the castle church in Wittenberg?

A

October 31 1517

24
Q

Where did Luther’s ideas spread quickly to?

25
Pamphlet
A small booklet or leaflet containing / giving information about something.
26
Heretic
A person who challenges the doctrines of an established religion.
27
What year did Pope Leo X send his official letter on condemning Luther?
1520
28
Papal Bull
A decree from the pope
29
decree
An order having the force of law
30
Exsurge Domine
Pope Leo X's papal bull. It condemned Luther for heresy and gave him sixty days to retract.
31
Condemned
officially and strongly disapproved
32
Excommunicated
To be banished from the church
33
Defiance
A bold resistance to authority or to any opposing force.
34
What did the Pope do in response to Martin Luther's act of defiance?
The Pope asked the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, to deal with Martin Luther.
35
Charles V
Holy Roman Emperor and ruler of Spain and its new empire in the New World.
36
Edict of Worms
made Martin Luther an outlaw in the Holy Roman Empire
37
outlaw
someone who has committed (or been legally convicted of) a crime
38
What happened at the Diet with Martin Luther?
Luther refused to take back his teachings and was condemned as an outlaw by the Edict of Worms.
39
Why did Charles X promised safe conduct
He was afraid on how much support Luther had.
40
What happened at the journey back to Saxony?
Fedrick the wise had Martin Luther kidnapped and was kept hidden at a remote castle at Wartburg.
41
What year was it safe for Martin Luther to come back to Wittenberg.
1522
42
Reform
to bring back to rightness, order, or morality
43
Why was Fredrick's protection needed?
Without it, Martin Luther would have been brought to the emperor and executed.
44
Lutherans
Followers of Martin Luther
45
Numeral princes and Luther's followers protested on Charles V's attempt to ban Martin Luther's ideas.
1529
46
Sacrament
sacred ritual of the Roman Catholic Church
47
Attempts to find a compromise failed and.....
War broke out between the Protestant states and the Holy Roman Emperor.
48
What year did the Peace of Augsburg have been established?
1555
49
What was the Peace of Augsburg?
agreement declaring that the religion of each German state would be decided by its ruler
50
The year Martin Luther married a former nun
1525
51
wife of Martin Luther
Katrina von Bora
52
Martin Luther dies in Eisleben; Birthplace
1546
53
The Reformation
A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.