Martin Luther Flashcards

1
Q

What year was Martin Luther born?

A

1483

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2
Q

What year did Martin Luther die?

A

1546

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3
Q

Where was Martin Luther born in?

A

Eisleben, Saxony

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4
Q

What job did Martin Luther’s father do?

A

A copper miner

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5
Q

Why did Martin Luther go to University?

A

To fulfill his father’s wishes

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6
Q

Why and how did Martin Luther become a monk?

A

In 1505, Luther was caught in a thunderstorm and promised to God that if he survived, he would become a monk. He later joined the Augustinians.

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7
Q

Who were the Augustinians?

A

An order of friar/monks.

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8
Q

What did Martin Luther study BEFORE he became a monk?

A

Law

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9
Q

What and where did Martin Luther study AFTER he became a monk?

A

Theology in Erfurt University.

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10
Q

What year did Martin Luther become a professor of Theology?

A

In 1512, in Wittenberg University.

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11
Q

Who is Fedrick the Wise?

A

The founder of Wittenberg University and ruler of Saxony.

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12
Q

Theology

A

The study of religion.

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13
Q

Why was Martin Luther unhappy living as a monk?

A

He believed he was a terrible sinner.

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14
Q

Justification by Faith Alone

A

Martin Luther’s concept that faith alone is enough to bring salvation

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15
Q

Salvation

A

Acceptance into heaven

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16
Q

Sale of indulgences

A

People paying money to the Church to absolve their sins or sins of their loved ones.

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17
Q

What did Pope Leo X use the money from the Sale of indulgences for?

A

To pay for rebuilding St Patrick’s Basilica.

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18
Q

Basilica

A

A Roman building used as a Catholic church.

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19
Q

What year did the protest for the Sale of indulgences start?

A

1517

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20
Q

Who did Martin Luther send his letter to fr the protest?

A

The bishop of Martin Luther’s diocese, Albrecht of Brandenburg.

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21
Q

What did Martin Luther’s letter contain and what were they called?

A

The letter contained a list called the 95 theses.

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22
Q

95 theses

A

A list written on Martin Luther’s arguments against indulgences and their sale.

23
Q

When was it said that Martin Luther pinned and nailed the 95 theses to the door of the castle church in Wittenberg?

A

October 31 1517

24
Q

Where did Luther’s ideas spread quickly to?

A

Germany

25
Q

Pamphlet

A

A small booklet or leaflet containing / giving information about something.

26
Q

Heretic

A

A person who challenges the doctrines of an established religion.

27
Q

What year did Pope Leo X send his official letter on condemning Luther?

A

1520

28
Q

Papal Bull

A

A decree from the pope

29
Q

decree

A

An order having the force of law

30
Q

Exsurge Domine

A

Pope Leo X’s papal bull. It condemned Luther for heresy and gave him sixty days to retract.

31
Q

Condemned

A

officially and strongly disapproved

32
Q

Excommunicated

A

To be banished from the church

33
Q

Defiance

A

A bold resistance to authority or to any opposing force.

34
Q

What did the Pope do in response to Martin Luther’s act of defiance?

A

The Pope asked the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, to deal with Martin Luther.

35
Q

Charles V

A

Holy Roman Emperor and ruler of Spain and its new empire in the New World.

36
Q

Edict of Worms

A

made Martin Luther an outlaw in the Holy Roman Empire

37
Q

outlaw

A

someone who has committed (or been legally convicted of) a crime

38
Q

What happened at the Diet with Martin Luther?

A

Luther refused to take back his teachings and was condemned as an outlaw by the Edict of Worms.

39
Q

Why did Charles X promised safe conduct

A

He was afraid on how much support Luther had.

40
Q

What happened at the journey back to Saxony?

A

Fedrick the wise had Martin Luther kidnapped and was kept hidden at a remote castle at Wartburg.

41
Q

What year was it safe for Martin Luther to come back to Wittenberg.

A

1522

42
Q

Reform

A

to bring back to rightness, order, or morality

43
Q

Why was Fredrick’s protection needed?

A

Without it, Martin Luther would have been brought to the emperor and executed.

44
Q

Lutherans

A

Followers of Martin Luther

45
Q

Numeral princes and Luther’s followers protested on Charles V’s attempt to ban Martin Luther’s ideas.

A

1529

46
Q

Sacrament

A

sacred ritual of the Roman Catholic Church

47
Q

Attempts to find a compromise failed and…..

A

War broke out between the Protestant states and the Holy Roman Emperor.

48
Q

What year did the Peace of Augsburg have been established?

A

1555

49
Q

What was the Peace of Augsburg?

A

agreement declaring that the religion of each German state would be decided by its ruler

50
Q

The year Martin Luther married a former nun

A

1525

51
Q

wife of Martin Luther

A

Katrina von Bora

52
Q

Martin Luther dies in Eisleben; Birthplace

A

1546

53
Q

The Reformation

A

A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.