Marketisation And Privatisation Flashcards
Neoliberalism has links to what theory and in what way?
Neoliberalism has links to what theory and in what way?
New right
The state should have minimal role in providing public services like education And instead rely on a system similar to how businesses run in a free market
Factors education policy has been influenced by since the 1980s:
Factors education policy has been influenced by since the 1980s:
1 Neoliberalism 2 Globalisation 3 Privatisation 4 Marketisation
Evaluating privatisation
Positives
•
Negative
•
Evaluating privatisation
Positives
Creates more business-like and efficient schools
Negatives
Money might be diverted from education into private profit
Examples (2) of privatisation in education (endogenous):
Examples of privatisation in education (endogenous):
Involves schools and colleges operating in similar ways to private independent businesses
Using target setting and league tables to measure progress
Managing their own affairs and competing with other schools for pupils
Exogenous Privatisation
Exogenous Privatisation
Privatisation of education refers to the opening up of state education to private businesses who design, manage or deliver education.
What is an example of how globalisation has influenced UK educational policy?
What is an example of how globalisation has influenced UK educational policy?
The introduction of EBacc
Ball and Youdell distinguish between:
Ball and Youdell distinguish between:
1
Privatisation in education (endogenous privatisation)
2
Privatisation of education (exogenous privatisation)
Examples of privatisation of education (exogenous):
Examples of privatisation of education (exogenous):
1
Privately managed chains of academy schools
2
Private companies taking responsibility for the exam system
3
ICT companies like Apple and Google providing online curriculum content
The marketisation of education began with the 19__ … Act, influenced by the neoliberal ideas of the New Right, and includes three main features:
The marketisation of education began with the 1988 Education Reform Act, influenced by the neoliberal ideas of the New Right, and includes three main features:
Independence. (Independence refers to the way schools operate similarly to businesses, in that they have control over their own affairs.)
Competition. (means that schools compete with other schools for customers (pupils).)
Choice. (Choice or ‘parent power’ (a ‘parentocracy’) refers to the way in which parents and potential pupils (the customers) are given the opportunity to decide which school or college they attend, rather than these decisions being made by the local authority.)
Quality control system
These features(independence, competition, choice) are then supported by a quality control system that includes ___ (by Ofsted), a national ___ approved by the government, and testing and the publication of Performance ___ tables to help parents identify …
Quality control system
These features are then supported by a quality control system that includes inspections (by Ofsted), a national curriculum approved by the government, and testing and the publication of Performance League tables to help parents identify the best and weakest schools.
Why does marketisation fail to help the weaker schools improve?
Why does marketisation fail to help the weaker schools improve?
They lose money to their more successful rivals
Parentocracy isn’t a reality for many parents;
Parentocracy isn’t a reality for many parents; it is mainly the middle-classes that have gained most from parental choice.
Negative Consequences of Marketisation
There is less control over the …
There is less control over …
There is little regulation to prevent …
Negative Consequences of Marketisation
There is less control over the planning and supply of school places.
There is less control over school quality.
There is little regulation to prevent illegal and unfair covert admission policies.
Schools might attempt to maintain their position in the league tables by … (usually the middle-class) which increases …
Schools might attempt to maintain their position in league tables by concentrating resources on those pupils who are most likely to achieve (usually the middle-class) which increases divisions between pupils.
Quality control systems in the UK education system:
Quality control systems in the UK education system:
1
Inspections (by Ofsted)
2
A national curriculum approved by the government
3
Testing and the publication of Performance League tables
Outline two criticisms of the national curriculum
Outline two criticisms of the national curriculum
Content was very traditional and an imaginative, neglected important areas for example political understanding
accused of being ethnocentric for example Africa Afro-Caribbean and Asian history is neglected and emphasis is placed on the pros of British colonialism
Identify why are schools position in the league table may be an unsatisfactory measure of the schools effectiveness
Identify why are schools position in the league table may be an unsatisfactory measure of the schools effectiveness
Only based on exam data leading the argument that they revealed more about the social class backgrounds of pupils then the quality of the school itself
stops underprivileged schools getting better
Outline the impact of the funding formula on (a) high achieving and (b) lower achieving schools:
Outline the impact of the funding formula on (a) high achieving and (b) lower achieving schools:
Popular schools gain more funds, so they attract better qualified teachers and better facilities
unpopular schools lose income and find it difficult to match the teacher skills and facilities of the most successful rivals
Has the introduction of league tables impacted on schools’ priorities
Has the introduction of league tables impacted on schools’ priorities
Yes, they treat students as commodities rather than providing a service
According to ball at owl, what has been the effects of parental choice on education
According to ball at owl, what has been the effects of parental choice on education
working-class parents will send their children to local schools as transport costs are cheaper.
some parents have cultural capital (Knowledge and skills) whereas some have economic capital (money) and not all parents have equal choice
Does the research suggest that parentocracy is a reality or a myth? Explain your answer.
Does the research suggest that parentocracy is a reality or a myth? Explain your answer.
It’s a reality but only applies for the middle-class as middle-class parents are much likely to exercise their choice
Who argued that the national curriculum is ethnocentric
Who argued that the national curriculum is ethnocentric
MacNiel
___ notes that the introduction of league tables encourages schools to engage in: cream skimming and silt shifting explain what they mean
Bartlett at al notes that the introduction of league tables encourages schools to engage in: cream-skimming and silt-shifting explain what they mean
Cream-skimming: ‘Good’ schools can be more selective effectively choosing their own customers and recruiting high achieving mainly middle-class pupils
Silt-shifting:
“Good “schools can avoid taking less able pupils who are likely to get poor results and damage the schools league table position
Ball and Gerwits identified three main types of parents:
Ball and Gerwits identified three main types of parents:
privileged-skilled chooses
Disconnected-local choosers
Semi-skilled chooses
Ball and Gerwits identified three main types of parents:
privileged-skilled chooses
Disconnected-local choosers
Semi-skilled chooses
Explain each one
Ball and Gerwits identified three main types of parents:
privileged-skilled choosers:Professional middle-class parents who were able to exploit the new market place in education more than working-class parents
Disconnected-local choosers:Working-class parents who choices were restricted by their lack of cultural capital (less confident in their dealings and knowledge of schools) and economic capital (limited funds meant that the nearest school was often the only realistic option)
Semi-skilled choosers: Working class but were more ambitious for their children they too lacked cultural capital and economic capital and often had to rely on other peoples opinions about schools
