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MARINE ECOSYSTEM (ONLY) > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > Flashcards

MARINE ECOSYSTEMS Flashcards

1
Q

fluctuate being underwater and being exposed to sun and wind

A

rocky intertidal

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2
Q

how do rocky intertidal organisms survive

A

• binding into the rock
• protect their body such as shell

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3
Q

river meets the sea, high variable og salinity, dynamic ecosystem, highest biotic diversity

A

estuary ecosystem

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4
Q

coastal area or transition zone where freshwater mixed w/ salt water from the ocean

A

estuary

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5
Q

how do estuary ecosystem survives

A

• respond quickly to drastic changes in salinity
• uses marine plants, soil or rocks to hide from predators

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6
Q

estuary wetland (2)

A

• salt marsh - flooded and drained by saltwater
• mangrove forest - salt tolerant trees

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7
Q

estuary wetland (2)

A

• salt marsh - flooded and drained by saltwater
• mangrove forest - salt tolerant trees

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8
Q

some of the most diverse ecosystem, located in warm clear shallow water

provides large habitat and center activity for marine life

A

coral reef ecosystem

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9
Q

some of the most diverse ecosystem, located in warm clear shallow water

provides large habitat and center activity for marine life

A

coral reef ecosystem

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10
Q

fire coral

A

hydrocorals

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11
Q

soft corals

A

octocorals

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12
Q

how do coral reef ecosystem survives

A

• coral reef provides shelter, hide from larger predators

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13
Q

same phylum as anemones and jellyfish

made or aragonite (calcium carbonate)

they are invertebrate animals belonging to a large group of colourful animals called cnidaria

A

coral

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14
Q

same phylum as anemones and jellyfish

made or aragonite (calcium carbonate)

they are invertebrate animals belonging to a large group of colourful animals called cnidaria

A

coral

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15
Q

unicellular photosynthetic organism with a spherical shape that lives inside corals

A

zooxanthellae

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16
Q

unicellular photosynthetic organism with a spherical shape that lives inside corals

A

zooxanthellae

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17
Q

reef is under stress from high temperatures, pollution and other threats

A

coral bleaching

18
Q

pelagic zone, area of the ocean outside coastal areas

habitat of biggest marine life species

A

open ocean ecosystem

19
Q

how do open ocean ecosystem survives

A

• adapting to environment
• resources competition
• works together for security

20
Q

how do open ocean ecosystem survives

A

• adapting to environment
• resources competition
• works together for security

21
Q

3 zones of open ocean

A

• euphotic zone
• bathyal zone
• abyssal zone

22
Q

3 zones of open ocean

A

• euphotic zone
• bathyal zone
• abyssal zone

23
Q

brightly lit surface, low nutrient, dissolved oxygen is high

A

euphotic zone

24
Q

brightly lit surface, low nutrient, dissolved oxygen is high

A

euphotic zone

25
Q

dimly lit middle layer, less photosynthesis, 200-2000m below

A

bathyal zone

26
Q

dark bottom layer, very cold, high pressure

A

abyssal zone

27
Q

largest habitat on earth, independent energy from sunlight, dark, cold environment

coldest layer of ocean

A

deep ocean ecosystem

28
Q

how do deep ocean ecosystem survives

A

• maintains small size to avoid predators
• uses darkness to survive
• competition and adaptation

29
Q

geysers, hot springs of ocean floor, natural plumbing systems

A

hydrothermal vents

30
Q

chemical release by the vent

A

sulfides

31
Q

bacteria and archaea converts minerals and chemicals into energy

A

chemosynthesis

32
Q

bacteria and archaea converts minerals and chemicals into energy

A

chemosynthesis

33
Q

primary producers of hydrothermal vents

A

chemosynthetic bacteria

34
Q

underwater ecosystem formed in shallow water by the dense growth

grows seaweeds and has a great variety and higher density of plants and animals

A

kelp forest ecosystem

35
Q

how kelp forest ecosystem survives

A

• uses plants as shelter/food
• adapting to environment
• competition

36
Q

one of the most productive ecosystem, occur in heterogeneous environment

environmental variability is arranged along clearly perceived gradients

A

seagrass meadow ecosystem

37
Q

one of the most productive ecosystem, occur in heterogeneous environment

environmental variability is arranged along clearly perceived gradients

A

seagrass meadow ecosystem

38
Q

how seagrass meadow ecosystem survives

A

• uses seagrass as shelter/food
• hide from predators

39
Q

generally called tundra, located in the arctic and antartica

surrounded by snow, ice, cold water
climate is cold winters, mostly below freezing

A

polar ecosystem

40
Q

generally called tundra, located in the arctic and antartica

surrounded by snow, ice, cold water
climate is cold winters, mostly below freezing

A

polar ecosystem

MARINE ECOSYSTEM (ONLY) (3 decks)

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